In addition, there was a scholar named Sun Zhu in the Qing Dynasty, whose talent as an official was limited, and he stopped at the highest level of magistrate (seven grades). However, like most successful literati, once the problem of food and clothing is solved, they hope to do something immortal and honor their ancestors.
The problem is that the literati did not have much status in the Qing Dynasty itself (Cao Xueqin, a great master, could not escape the fate of being poor and dying), so even in rural areas, they had the reputation of "following Ou Yangxun with books and chasing Du Gongbu with poems", and Sun Zhu's dancing and writing style did not have much influence.
However, Sun Zhu's wish of "immortality" was finally realized, because he and his wife, who highly praised the poems of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, compiled a home-school textbook to extract and annotate Tang poems, that is, 300 Tang Poems that have been handed down to this day.
Sun Zhu's criterion for choosing poems is "to choose the most important ones because of his specialization in famous Tang poems". Later generations have also seen many annotated books with the content of 300 Tang Poems, which are still important works to enlighten Tang poetry culture.
In the preface to 300 Tang Poems, Sun Zhu described the significance of this work as follows: "Read 300 Tang Poems by heart, even if you can't write them, you can recite them." .
People who know about private school education may feel the same way. Children who may have no life experience at all can recite all kinds of Tang poems every day, and after a while, let them write poems independently. Some excellent people can also speak like inseparable words. Why can repeated reading and reciting give people the ability to "sing without writing poetry", and is this contrary to the spirituality that literature and art attach importance to? Can the so-called "poets" be systematically cultivated?
There is a professor in the Information Security Center of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (yes, this is the university where President Fang is located, and its "information security center" may also be guilty. At this time, let's put aside the facts and forget the past of this institution. His name is Yang Yixian, and he published a scientific research report entitled "Poetry Table-New Progress of Machine Literature", which was unveiled by using the power of computer.
The following is the full text of this report:
abstract
With the help of "big data", although the dumb can't speak, it can really make the illiterate write poems, and it only takes one minute! Don't believe it? Please read this article! (Of course, in order to make readers in the fields of literature, science, engineering, agriculture and medicine understand, only the principles and examples are described here. )
(1) Preface
The ultimate goal of machine literature is to create literary works with machines! It sounds unreliable at first, but so far, machines have been able to carry out (or assist) some special literary creations, such as writing the best thousand-character text in history [1], deciphering the most difficult picture in history [2], writing homophones [3], studying "shadow writing" [4] and language dynamics [
Facts have proved that the more literary genres, the more suitable it is for computers to play their special skills. A five-character seven-character poem with strict requirements on "leveling" and "rhyme" may be regarded as "a lot of rules" Therefore, this paper will study how to create rhythmic poems with machines. (Note: The research ideas and methods in this paper are completely applicable to "writing words of various epigrams with machines". However, because there are too many names of epigrams, including 1000, and the number of words in each word is not small, it is too difficult for me, a "poetry-blind", to establish a relevant "artistic conception library", so this paper does not consider these "words").
(B) Five-character poem "Poetry Table"
2. 1) Examples of Five Unique Rhymes in Poem Table
The structure of the list of rhyming poems from five unique poems is shown in the following table 1. 1:
Table 1. 1 (from scratch) Five-line Poem List (first rhyme)
Based on the above table 1. 1, any fool can easily write a poem through the following two steps:
Step 1, randomly select an eight-digit number, such as Mao Zedong's birthday 1893 1226, and then replace the number with x1.1.2 in the table:
Table 1.2 "Mao Zedong's birthday" corresponds to the poetry table.
Step 2, select the ith string ("2 string" or "3 string") from the Xi column of table 1. 1 and concatenate these strings. For example, in table 1.2, you should take out 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 3, 1, 2, 2, and 6 "strings" from columns 1, 8 (see
Readers can easily write poems with their own birthday numbers. To be more interesting, let's give a few more examples:
The number π = 3. 14 15926. From the table 1. 1, the corresponding poem is: Never seen, plum blossoms are hidden; Staring at the crystal for a long time, Yelang was drunk and couldn't sleep.
The radical sign is 2 =1.4142135. From the table 1. 1, the corresponding poem is: I am ashamed of jade water, but I feel cold at night; Therefore, the disappearance of a lover is a bitter old beauty.
* * * The birthday of the Republic of China is 1949 100 1. From the table 1. 1, the corresponding poem is: ashamed of hometown, plum blossoms are unattainable; Mo Wen is the capital of Phoenix House, recalling the makeup in the evening.
The telephone number of Babaoshan is 88259666. From the table 1. 1, the corresponding poem is: if you don't return the injury, the lotus will laugh; Acacia heartbroken place, infinite drunk sleepless.
The golden section number is 0.6 180339, and the poem of the corresponding table 1. 1 is: Looking back at the darkness, I suddenly burst into tears; In those days, how hard it was to chase after the past.
Incremental series 12345678, from the table 1. 1, the corresponding poem is: shame jade beheads Loulan, Yuanyang feels cold at night; Crystal heartbroken place, lonely cover the sky.
As for the five-character quatrains, there are other metrical forms besides "starting with the rhyme of the five-character quatrains" described in table 1. 1, such as "starting with the rhyme of the five-character quatrains" and "starting with the rhyme of the five-character quatrains". In order to save space, we will only describe another example of "Five Unique Rhymes".
2.2) Examples of five rhyming poems.
The structure of the rhyme table of Five Wonders of Pingqi is shown in the following table 1.3:
Table 1.3 (level) Five quatrains (alliteration)
With the help of table 1.3, and then, according to the previous method, we can get
Mao Zedong's birthday 1893 1226 corresponding poem: Yan Liang refers to waves, unlike people; Do you know Tao Lijun, Mulan embroidered by Tianya?
The number π = 3. 14 15926 corresponds to the poem: sentimental water moon, still floating smoke; A little sprinkling grows day by day, and Mulan embroiders the whole world.
The root number 2 =1.4142135 corresponds to the poem: Yan Liangle is in the world, looking at the purple smoke; How dare you be safe in this distant world?
* * * and the birthday of the country 1949 100 1 corresponding poem: Yan Xueshan, still jumping white ape; Looking back on Tao Likong, people are ashamed of Chang 'an.
The poem corresponding to the golden section number of 0.6 180339 is: Chang 'e is drunk on the mountain and can't come back from afar; Who knows, it hurts the next year.
Babaoshan Tel 88259666: Sorrow refers to waves, and wind and rain make love; What is the sunset? Embroidered magnolia with incense burner.
12345678 The poems corresponding to the increasing order are: the sky is cold and the water is purple; In the bleak sunset, no flowers are angry with the sky.
(C) Five-character Rhyme "Poetry Table"
Similar to the five-character rhythmic poems, there are four types of five-character rhythmic poems: five-character first rhyme, five-character first rhyme, five-character first sentence without rhyme and five-character first sentence without rhyme. In order to save space, we will only describe an example, that is, the poem table of "puckering up the first rhyme of five laws", as shown in the following table 1.4:
Table 1.4 (Qi Qi) Table of Five Rhymes (First Rhyme)
Similar to the previous table 1. 1, the table 1.4 here can also make any fool write poems easily through the following two steps:
Step 1, randomly select two eight-digit numbers (or a number of 16), and then replace X 1X2X3X4X5X6X7X8 and Y1Y2Y3Y4Y5Y6Y7Y8; 1.4 in the table respectively;
Step 2, select I groups of strings ("2 strings" or "3 strings") from the upper Xi column of table 1.4, and connect these strings in series to get the first four sentences of the pentatonic poem; From the easy column at the bottom of table 1.4, select I groups of character strings ("2 strings" or "3 strings"), and connect these strings in series to get the last four sentences of the five-rhythm poem, so that the whole five-rhythm poem is completed.
For example, the birthdays of Mao Zedong and Jiang Qing are 1893 1226 and 19 1403 17 respectively. So, if you put them in the table 1.4, you should start with the first half of 1, 2,3,3. Flowers are too disappointed to climb after sitting for a long time), and then, from the lower columns of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, take out 1, 9, 1, 4, 0, 3, 1, 7 respectively. I couldn't keep my red makeup, but it suddenly occurred to me to wait on Xuanyuan. String these four sentences together to complete the whole poem: the rain will fall until next year, and the lonely room will be quiet; Flowers are disappointed, and it is difficult to chase after sitting for a long time; Laugh at the lonely sails and think about the purple smoke; I couldn't keep my red makeup, but suddenly I remembered to serve Xuanyuan.
The number π = 3.1415926 53589793 corresponds to the poem: drunken refers to the sky, how dare exquisite people be safe; If you are not proud, it will be difficult to catch up with you after sitting for a long time; How do you know everything is idle? Meditation is like forgetting two things.
The verse corresponding to the root number 2 =1.4142135 62373095 is: it rains every year, and Song Ming is ashamed; Picking EU from afar, I will send you back by hand; The yellow bird must know that pearls are not idle; Treat each other silently, and the wine will meet Joan.
The poem corresponding to the birthday of the Party and the * * * Republic, 192 1070 1, 1949 100 1, is: How can you feel safe when the rain falls? Long song gazes at the place, and the flowing water does not return; Laughing and sailing alone, the waist is long and idle; Geometry treats me like nothing and invites me to fall in love.
The poem corresponding to the golden section number of 0.6 180339 88749894 is: I miss the past, and Song Ming said it all; Long song parting place, plain hand good Lushan; Shallow painting stars, thousands of spring clouds purple; Seen from Jun Jun, wine smiles in twists and turns.
Mirror image sequence 12345678 8765432 1 corresponding poem: rain sweeps the sky, you are ashamed; Look back at you, send it away and climb it; Shallow painting is endless, and the horizon is far away; Long song can't stay, can't wash away, just be happy.
The telephone numbers of Babaoshan are 88259666 and 88259777: Sweet Sleeve is waiting for next year, and you are sad and bitter; Looking back at brocade, you can't catch up as soon as possible; Shallow painting stars, frost clothes write far; If you forget you, you will be drunk and serve Xuanyuan.
(D) Four Unique "Poetry Table"
Similar to Wuyan, seven-character metrical poems can also be divided into seven-character quatrains and seven-character metrical poems, which can be further subdivided into "starting with rhyme", "starting with rhyme", "starting with rhyme" and "starting with rhyme". But judging from the "poetry table" based on big data, their principles are all the same. Therefore, in order to save space, we only give the "Poetry Table" in the following table 1.5:
Table 1.5 "Four-line Rhyme Table"
Similar to the previous table 1. 1, the table 1.5 here can also make any fool write poems easily through the following two steps:
Step 1, randomly select two six digits (or one digit 12), and then replace X 1X2X3X4X5X6 and Y1Y2Y3Y4Y5Y6; 1.5 in the table respectively;
Step 2, select I groups of strings ("2 strings" or "3 strings") from the upper Xi column of table 1.5, and connect these strings in series to get the first two sentences of the four-character poem; From the easy column at the bottom of table 1.5, select I groups of character strings ("2 strings" or "3 strings") and connect these strings in series to get the last two sentences of the four-character poem, so that the whole poem of the four-character poem is completed. For example,
The number π = 3. 14 159 265358 corresponds to the poem: graceful and restrained, sad but not returned, misty and rainy; Therefore, the willow leaves are empty and melancholy, and the Meishao Waterfall is injured every other year.
Mirror image sequence 123456 65432 1 corresponding poem: ashamed of Yaochi, the night is over, and the jade steps are lonely; The spring scenery on the painting screen falls into the tidbits, and the beautiful birds are sad about the empty mountains.
The golden section number of 0.6 1803 398874 corresponds to the poem: the wine and medicine spring falls for nine days, and the white rabbit worships the dragon; The fragrant trees don't forget the wine, and the scenery is far away.
The root number 2 =1.41421.356237 corresponds to the poem: ashamed of the jade goddess, the jade steps are gaunt like a true fairy; Dyed with fragrance, the spring scenery is sad and blue, and the warbler feathers enter the distant mountains several times.
(5) Principle analysis
The ancients have long discovered such a "fact": they can sing without knowing how to sing 300 Tang poems! However, the ancients did not know that the basis of this "fact" is the "big data" that is now popular all over the world. By reading a large number of poems, people unconsciously set up a "string library" for various artistic conceptions in their minds, and then take out ready-made "strings" from the library and splice them into poems when necessary.
With the help of various sorting and mining technologies of "big data", a special "artistic conception library" can be independently built and maintained for each user, and various pre-agreed requirements such as flattening and flattening rules can be observed for related artistic conceptions. For example, if you choose "love" as "artistic conception", then you can use "big data" to collect what words people will have in various situations of love (in love, lovelorn, unrequited love ...), at least they can collect ready-made poems similar to poets, and these "words" are all mechanically processed, that is, according to the rules of leveling and rhyming. In fact, the contents of the columns in the table 1. 1 to 1.5 in this paper are all kinds of "artistic conception libraries". The purpose of expressing them in the way of "death" (not in the way of software programs) is to let readers understand the principle of "fools write poems" more intuitively. Therefore, after the "poetry table" software is really listed, its operation only needs users to randomly input relevant strings.
Another reason why "machines can write poems" is that people are actually easily deceived. When you first announce that a string is a poem (that is, you pass the relevant psychological hints to the readers), people will try to imagine the "poems" in these strings, even if they are actually "nonsense". This phenomenon of "active deception" rarely appears in the process of reading essays, novels and other articles.
In fact, the power of "big data" has been widely used for a long time. For example, the well-known "sogou Input Method" uses search engine technology to quickly find personalized "hot words" or common words from the "big data" on the Internet. Therefore, it seems that the machine can predict your thoughts and display the words you want in advance, which greatly improves the input speed, thesaurus breadth and word accuracy. For another example, Google recently launched a brand-new machine translation method: turning language translation into a mathematical problem in vector space, using data mining technology to model the structure of one language, and then comparing it with the structure of another language, thus expanding and perfecting the existing bilingual corpus, thus completely subverting the basic idea of language translation.
Some people even predict that with the rapid development of "big data", you can diagnose and prescribe drugs without studying medicine in the future (of course, surgery must be done by a specialist).
In short, writing poems with "big data", especially those "metrical poems" with many rules and regulations, should be expected. Welcome netizens to cross the ocean and develop more "machine-written poetry systems". Because I am "poetry-blind", the related "artistic conception library" must be shoddy. I hope not to mislead you.