Yuan Zhen (779-83 1 year) was born in Luoyang, Henan Province (now Luoyang, Henan Province), descended from Li Zhen, the eighth son of Tuoba Shiyi, the minister of the Ministry of War of Sui Dynasty, the general manager of Yizhou, and the sixth grandson of Yan in Pingchang County. Father Yuan Kuan and mother Zheng advocated "New Yuefu" with Bai Juyi in their early years. People often call him and Bai Juyi "Bai Yuan", and their poems are titled "Yuanhe Style". At the age of fifteen, Yuan Zhen was awarded the title of senior, and later he supervised the imperial history. He was demoted for offending eunuchs. Mu Zong ascended the throne, and his official position was constantly promoted. Long was afraid that during the reign of Emperor Jianwen (822), he worshipped with Pei Du, and soon became the secretariat of the same state. Finally, he served as our ambassador of Wuchang Army, and where did he die? Yuan Zhen's poems are shallow and sorrowful, like a lonely phoenix's lament, extremely gripping and touching. His Yuefu poems are mostly influenced by Zhang Ji and Wang Jian, and his "new topic Yuefu" is directly attributed to Li Shen. Yuan Zhen's representative works include Biography of Yingying, Chrysanthemum, Five Poems of Leaving Thoughts and Three Poems of Mourning for the Past. More than 830 poems, including poems, imperial edicts, exhortations, discussions, etc. *** 100 volume.
The most famous poem is:
Lisi
Once I tasted the vast sea, I felt that the water in other places was pale; Once you have experienced the clouds in Wushan, you feel that the clouds elsewhere are eclipsed.
Hurried through the flowers, lazy to look back; This reason is partly because of the ascetic monk, and partly because of who you used to be.
Attached to the division of four periods in Tang Dynasty:
The development of Tang poetry can be roughly divided into four stages: early Tang, prosperous Tang, middle Tang and late Tang.
In the early Tang Dynasty (665,438+08-765,438+02), Yang Jiong, Lu and Luo, known as the "four outstanding figures" in the early Tang Dynasty, gradually completed the process of poetic rhythm and laid the foundation for the form of poetic rhythm in China. Make the Tang poetry present its own face. Through their efforts, the theme of poetry has changed from the extravagance of the palace to the public life of society, and the style has also changed from exquisite and humble to bright and fresh. The most outstanding poet in the early Tang Dynasty was Chen Ziang, who advocated restoring the fine tradition of poetry reflecting real life. Chen Ziang's poetry is vigorous and simple, which opens the way for the development of Tang poetry.
From 7 12 to 762, it was called the prosperous Tang Dynasty, which was the most prosperous and successful period of poetry. Poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty has rich themes and different styles. Some praise nature, some yearn for frontier fortress, some praise heroism, and some sigh helplessly. Many poets created freely in a romantic atmosphere, creating a "prosperous Tang Dynasty" that shocked later generations.
The most famous poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty were Li Bai, Du Fu, Wang Wei, Meng Haoran, Gao Shi and Cen Can. Cen Can is good at writing frontier poems, while Gao Shi's poems can better reflect the sufferings of the people. Li Bai, the "Poet Fairy" and Du Fu, the "Poet Sage", are great poets who can truly represent the poetic world in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Their poems had a far-reaching influence on China's later poetry creation.
Among the outstanding poets in the Middle Tang Dynasty (762-827), Bai Juyi, Yuan Zhen and Li He were among them. Bai Juyi is good at allegorical poems. In his poems, he satirized extortion, opposed the militaristic war and attacked the powerful. In addition, Bai Juyi strives to make his poetic language more popular, fluent, vivid and touching, so he is also loved by readers.
Li He is a short-lived poet who only lived for more than 20 years. He was poor all his life, and his official career was not smooth, but his poems were rich in imagination, novel in conception, exquisite in conception, magnificent in words, full of romanticism, strong aesthetic tendency and sad artistic conception.
The late Tang Dynasty from 827 to 859 was the active period of poets Li Shangyin and Du Mu. Du Mu's poems are fresh and cold, which is very suitable for him to express his political ambition and passion in his poems. Li Shangyin, with his exquisite structure, magnificent language and gloomy style, reflects the ups and downs he experienced in his official career, and his poems often reveal a sad mood. Whether his famous poem Untitled is a love work or a metaphor of political content is still controversial in China poetry critics.