How is the order of succession to the British throne determined?

Masks have always felt that how to inherit the British throne is a foggy matter, and they have never been able to tell the relationship between so many kings in blood. I don't know how the new crown prince died before the current king, and who has the priority of inheritance. After returning from a trip to England, a friend asked relevant questions, and I made a general study on the mask. Britain's succession to the throne is a generational succession system in which the eldest son takes precedence, the son takes precedence over the daughter, and the daughter takes precedence over the nephew or niece. If the eldest son dies, the eldest son's heirs have priority, and the order of the eldest son's heirs is also based on the principle of eldest son priority and male priority. In this way, if the king has no sons but only daughters, then there will be a queen; If the eldest son dies before the current king, his descendants, regardless of their seniority, can inherit the throne according to the above rules. A woman with a long room, although not as good as her brother in priority, although her child has a physical surname, is treated equally by the royal family in blood. The following mask makes some practical analysis according to the 200-year history of the great dispute over inheritance rights from the middle and late Plantagenet Dynasty to the end of Tudor Dynasty. /kloc-in the 4th century, when the Hundred Years' War between Britain and France was in full swing, a famous commander-in-chief was born in England, the eldest son of King Edward III of England. He is called "Edward the Black Prince" because he wears black armor. Some people say that this title comes from the defeated Frenchman who called him "black-hearted". Unfortunately, Edward, the black prince with outstanding military exploits and deeply loved by civilians, was not strong enough and died before his father died. According to the principle mentioned above, the heir is the descendant of the eldest son, so Edward III's heir is his grandson, Richard, the son of the black prince Edward, not the other children of Edward III. Richard, the eldest grandson, was only a teenager when he was crowned Richard II. In fact, the power was in the hands of his uncle, Edward III's third son, John, Duke of Lancaster. As an adult, Richard II retaliated against Lancaster Palace out of dissatisfaction with the Regency of John. John's eldest son, Henry, was expelled and his family's territory in Lancaster was confiscated. But Henry is by no means a fuel-efficient lamp. Sent troops to arrest Richard II during his expedition to Ireland, and was deposed by Congress. He was named Henry IV himself, but in fact his right to inherit the throne was rather weak. According to the principle at that time, the heir after Richard II, without brothers or sisters or heirs, should be the descendant of Lionel, the second son of former King Edward III (later became the Longevity Palace). In fact, Richard II did appoint Edmund, the son of Lionel's grandson Roger Mortimer, as the heir to the throne, but the mask failed to verify whether he was the man with the longest pulse. Because Richard II's rule was really unpopular, Henry IV's attempt to usurp the throne was tolerated, but it also laid a curse for the future ownership of the throne. Ten years later, the throne was successfully passed to his eldest son, Henry V, by Henry IV. This outstanding soldier strengthened his rule in house of lancaster because of his victory in the Anglo-French War. Unfortunately, Henry V died after only ten years in office, and his eldest son, Henry VI, was only nine months old. Henry VI has finally come of age. He is a great man, but his character and ability are not suitable for being a king. His ancestors lost all their achievements in the French war, and he also suffered from intermittent mental illness. So the question of house of lancaster's succession to the throne was used again, and the York family, the second largest in Britain, began to attack. Theoretically, Richard, Duke of York, is more likely to inherit the throne from his mother Anne Mortimer, the daughter of the Crown Prince founded by Richard II. In other words, Richard, Duke of York, is the grandson of Lionel, the second son of Edward III. According to China tradition, it is impossible to "go abroad" once, let alone "go abroad" twice, but he was quite popular in Britain at that time. The two families fought a military conflict for the throne, which is the famous "wars of the roses". The red rose constellation in house of lancaster is strongly challenged by the white rose constellation of the York family. After several victories and defeats, Edward, son of Richard, Duke of York, ousted Henry VI and became King Edward IV of England of England, and Britain entered the York family. Although he was ousted from the throne after the restoration, a year later, he came back with his army and simply put Henry VI to death in the Tower of London to avoid future troubles. Edward IV of England of England kept the throne, but ten years later he had to pass it on to his son. Twelve-year-old Edward V of England of England and another son were entrusted to Richard, Duke of Gloucester, the younger brother of Edward IV of England of England. The young king and his brother disappeared in less than a year, probably murdered by Uncle Richard and buried in the walls of the Tower of London. Duke Richard, the regent, is very skilled. He abruptly invalidated the Edward IV of England marriage in England through the church and parliament. All his children were illegitimate children and lost the right to inherit the throne. Edward, the only son of Richard's other brother George, was also deprived of the right to inherit the throne on the grounds of George's treason when the late king was alive. So Richard was the first person to inherit the Knights Order and became Richard. Although he is cruel, his political talent is quite outstanding. It's a pity that this talent didn't play much. Two years later, he himself died in the front line of fighting the rebels. The leader of the rebellion was henry vii, the exiled Earl of Richmond. Henry VI's mother is French princess Catherine. After Henry V's death, Catherine remarried Owen Tudor and gave birth to a son, Edmond Tudor, or this Edmond was Henry VI's half-brother, but none of these gave Tudor any inheritance rights. Henry vii, Edmond's son, lived in exile in France, but he claimed to be the heir to house of lancaster's career. Henry vii is of British royal descent, but also of matrilineal descent. His mother was the great-granddaughter of John, the founder of house of lancaster and Duke of Lancaster, so henry vii became the only male heir of house of lancaster (everyone else was wiped out by the York family, and only he crossed the sea and fled to French exile with the help of his uncle). While Richard III was unpopular, with the help of the king of France, Henry VI's half-son and descendants of Lancaster with French royal blood led French soldiers to land in Britain to rebel, killing Richard III and winning. Henry vii became King henry vii of England, but he was born in house of lancaster, and his inheritance was inferior to that of the York family. Henry vii is very clever. On the one hand, he used his military victory to purge the leaders of the York family, and on the other hand, he married Elizabeth, the daughter of King Edward IV of England of England, in order to strengthen the legitimacy of becoming king of England. In other words, two families originally descended from Edward III merged into one, so-called "wars of the roses" really ended, and English history entered the great Tudor dynasty. Although there is no problem for henry vii's descendants to inherit the throne, there is more than one person who has priority over himself. Some people pretend to be the descendants of the York family he imprisoned, and some even pretend to be the missing British King Edward V of England brothers to rebel. But in any case, when henry vii was in power, no matter true or false, those who threatened his throne were wiped out by him. Marriage is henry vii's magic weapon. When Arthur, his eldest son, was three years old, he was engaged to a young marriage with the Queen of Spain, who was a little Spanish princess Catherine. Only five months after he officially married Catherine at the age of fifteen, Prince Arthur died of a sudden illness. In order to maintain the alliance with powerful Spain, henry vii asked his second son Henry to continue to marry his widow. Despite several twists and turns, they got married after Henry ascended the throne. Henry vii also has two daughters. Margaret, the eldest daughter, married King James IV of Scotland, which improved the relationship with Scotland. In a word, henry vii improved the Tudor's domestic and international environment and consolidated its status through his marriage with his children. According to the Old Testament, a man can't marry his brother's widow, otherwise they will be punished for having no children, but marriage can only be considered valid if the husband and wife have had sex. Whether the late Prince Arthur and Princess Catherine consummated their marriage also caused heated discussion, but with the support of Britain and Spain, the Pope issued a charter, and the question of whether they consummated their marriage was forgotten. Princess Catherine, who is six years older than her husband, is quite competitive. After she married Henry VIII, she hardly had time to take care of her stomach, but her children either miscarried or died. When Catherine was forty years old, she had only one daughter, named Mary. Henry VIII couldn't sit still, hoping to have a legitimate male heir to stabilize Tudor rule, which made him decide to break up with Catherine, so whether Catherine was a virgin when she married Henry VIII was taken to court. Catholicism has no concept of divorce. From then on, Britain broke away from the Roman Catholic church system and established the Church of England with the king as the supreme ruler. Of course, Henry VIII finally got rid of his marriage with Catherine, and Princesse Marie became an illegitimate daughter. Henry VIII married Anne Boleyn, a female official in yekaterina. Some people called her the meanest mistress in European history. Only three months after marriage, Bolin gave birth to a woman Elizabeth, who was born out of wedlock. But it doesn't matter, Bolin is still young and should have the opportunity to have another legal heir, but God didn't give her this opportunity. Angry Henry VIII cut off her slender neck with a sharp axe in the Tower of London, and was charged with adultery and treason. Henry VIII immediately married his third wife, jane seymour. This kind and traditional man in cloth finally gave birth to a son. The ecstatic Henry VIII soon had to face the fact that Seymour died of postpartum septicemia. Henry VIII, who has never been sad for a woman, is in pain, and the king who used to spend money as a daily routine is not in the mood at this time. Later, he had three marriages. The fourth is the German princess who finally agreed to divorce. The fifth was beheaded in the Tower of London for adultery with many people. The religious reform carried out by Henry VIII made great changes in Britain's economy, politics, culture, thought and other aspects. The royal power was greatly strengthened, and the royal family became richer by intercepting church income. The story of his six wives is still fascinating, but in any case, he left three children. In the Old Testament, the punishment of a man marrying a brother and widow did not happen to him, but was repaid to his children, and his blood was not passed on to the third generation. After his son succeeded to the throne, he became the Edward VI of England of England, but he died at the age of nine and at the age of fifteen, before he had time to have descendants; After careful planning by John Dudley, the Duke of northumberland, a powerful minister at that time, Jane Grey, the grandson and daughter of Henry VIII's sister, became the first queen of England involuntarily. In the case of Henry VIII's sister and descendants, this inheritance right was illegitimate, and then Mary jumped out of Scotland. Only nine days later, Mary, the eldest daughter of Henry VIII, reigned as Mary I. She made great efforts to restore Catholicism, because more than 300 Protestants were executed and called "bloody Mary". If she hadn't died after only five years in power, I wonder if Britain would return to the Roman Catholic flag. Childless Mary I left the throne to Elizabeth, which was a very unexpected result. She took over a chaotic stall of religious conflict and distraction, but she quickly put the country on the right track. After the unmarried queen reigned for forty-five years, Britain became quite prosperous. The period of Elizabeth I was called the "golden age". The throne is still being challenged because Elizabeth I's illegitimate daughter, Queen Mary of Scotland. As mentioned above, henry vii married his eldest daughter Margaret to Scottish King James IV, and this Mary is their eldest daughter. She is the Queen of France (widow) and the Queen of Scotland. She announced with great ambition that she would take over the throne of England. Unfortunately, she was in trouble in Scotland, and it was a big trouble. Mary, suspected of adultery, widowhood and other scandals, was forced to abdicate and was expelled. I don't know whether I lost my head or accepted the advice of a courtier with ulterior motives. Mary actually fled to England and asked her political enemy Elizabeth I for help. Of course, she was inevitably imprisoned. 19 years later, she was executed by Elizabeth I in the intrigue between religion and the throne. The greatest criticism of the great Elizabeth I is that she did not provide an heir. It's not that she didn't want to get married and have children, but in the balance between Protestantism and traditional Catholicism in England, she couldn't choose to marry any Catholic sect, and her efforts to make a choice in French Wang Zizhong failed. No matter how tangled the choice is, the last heir of Elizabeth I is James, the son of Mary, who was executed by her, which is in line with the inheritance tradition. After the death of Elizabeth I, James VI, who was already king of Scotland, became King James I of England. England and Scotland are ruled by the same monarch, which is the first step towards the unification of Britain. At this point, it is 1603. By Elizabeth I, Henry VIII was completely cut off, and the throne should be traced back to his brothers and sisters. The mask found that Henry VIII had two younger brothers, Edmund and Edward, who died young. It should be Henry VIII's eldest daughter's turn next. Although Mary of Scotland was killed, her son was the oldest descendant of this line and became the most qualified person to inherit the throne. Finally, The Mask takes Elizabeth II, who is in office today, as an example to further illustrate the order of succession to the British throne. Elizabeth II has three sons and a daughter. The first heir is Prince Charles, the eldest son, followed by Prince William, the eldest son of Charles, and then Prince Henry, the second son of Charles. If the newly married Prince William has children, the inheritance right comes before Prince Henry. According to the present situation, after Prince Henry, Elizabeth II's second son Andrew, the Duke of York, followed by the Duke of York's son and daughter. It is estimated that the succession order of Elizabeth II can be ranked in thousands at present. Due to the intermarriage of European royal families, other European monarchs now have the right to inherit the British throne. For example, King harald v of Norway is the 60th heir to the British throne, King Carl XVI of Sweden ranks182nd, Queen Margrethe II of Denmark ranks 208th, and beatrix of beatrix wilhelmina armgard ranks 806th. Sixteen people who are most qualified to inherit the throne of Elizabeth II are listed as follows, including the rules of succession to the British throne. The "Battle of the Roses" mentioned above is equivalent to the confrontation between the Duke of York family ranked fourth and the Earl of Wessex family ranked seventh. The reason is simple: the eldest son Edward, the black prince, died of the black grandson. After the throne was taken away by the low family, the Gao family was quite unconvinced. His Royal Highness Prince Charles, Prince of Wales (the eldest son of Elizabeth II) His Royal Highness Prince William (the eldest son of Prince Charles) His Royal Highness Prince Henry (also known as Prince Harry, the second son of Prince Charles) His Royal Highness Prince York (also known as the second son of Prince Andrew and Elizabeth II) His Royal Highness Princess Beatrice (the eldest daughter of the Duke of York) Her Royal Highness Princess Eugenia (the second daughter of the Duke of York) His Royal Highness Earl of Wessex (also known as Prince Edward, The third son of Elizabeth II) His Royal Highness Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar (also known as Louis Windsor, daughter of Earl of Wessex) Viscount James (also known as James Alexandra Philip Theo, son of Earl of Wessex) His Royal Highness (also known as Princess Anne, daughter of Elizabeth II) peter phillips (eldest son of Princess Anne) Zara Phillips (daughter of Princess Anne) Viscount Linlai (grandson of George VI, Princess Margaret's son) Charles Armstrong-Jones (the son of Viscount Linlai) Margaret Armstrong-Jones (the daughter of Viscount Linlai) Sarah Chedo (the granddaughter of George VI and the daughter of Princess Margaret) bloggers' recent travels in Britain and Ireland: seeing the haunted Tower of London 04 before the Olympics, the weirdest British palace before the Olympics, countless British museums, the royal style of London 02 before the Olympics, and from Ken before the Olympics. Other recent travel notes written by British and Irish travel plan bloggers before departure: Kinabad Lushan Mountain, colorful animal photography, the highest peak in Southeast Asia, revealing the real Haining salt official, maoshan taoist, clues to find unofficial history's biological parents, Haining salt official, Emperor Qianlong and Chen Jialuo hand in hand to watch the tide's Xiapu trip, not only for Putuo Mountain Dojo, the most beautiful beach in China, and the dialogue between all beings in Jingci Temple, Hangzhou and Guanyin Bodhisattva. From Lin 'an site to Huangyushan of Yuefei cemetery in Hangzhou, the bell rang in the middle of the night in Nanping, Southern Song Dynasty, looking for the remains of wuyue Buddha country thousands of years ago, and mating once every seven years. Can you hold it? Huaihai, the battle that decides China's fate, Taierzhuang, from Yunhe Ancient Town to Langya Mountain in Chuzhou, a hero city against Japanese aggression, and Bako National Park, which is famous for its "drunken pavilion", seeks for Malaysian national treasure wild proboscis monkeys to enter the tropical rain forest, and explores the terrible "headhunting" tribe to be lazy cats in East Malaysia (2) Strolling in Cat City to be lazy cats in East Malaysia (1) A preliminary study in Kuching. The best preserved ancient town of Shangbu in China (see what brothels are like in Ming and Qing Dynasties), Bamiantang in Huangshan Mountain, the pinnacle of wood carving in Dongyang, the architectural community of Shuanglong Cave in Jinhua, Amin and Qing Dynasty, the Taoist cave of Wang Fu in Shi Jinhua with the largest waterfall in China, the most complete and magnificent building of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in China, and the magical ancient village with the pattern of "Seven Stars Accompanying the Moon".