Tang Dynasty: Bai Juyi
The white clouds on the peak of the white clouds spread freely and the spring water flows quietly.
Baiyun Spring, why did you rush down the mountain to the waves of many things in the world?
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Baiyun Spring flows on the mountainside of Tianping Mountain, white clouds in the sky roll freely, and spring water flows freely and leisurely.
Baiyun Spring, why did you rush down the mountain to add waves to the originally troubled world?
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This poem depicts a light ink landscape with bright and concise lines and full of vitality, in order to express the poet's desire to get rid of secular feelings as soon as possible. The style of the whole poem is simple and unpretentious, with symbols, scenery descriptions and ambitions. It uses the freedom of clouds and water as a metaphor for a quiet state of mind and a leisurely state of mind, and the natural waves aroused by spring water as a symbol of social storms. The text is simple and profound, with profound sustenance and full of interest.
"Baiyun Spring is on Tianping Mountain, and there is no water in the clouds." The first two sentences of this little poem say that the Baiyun Spring on Taiping Mountain is clear and lovely, the white clouds roll freely, and the spring water flows calmly.
The first sentence points out the essence of the beautiful scenery of Wuzhong Qishan. Tianping Mountain is twenty miles west of Suzhou. "This mountain is the highest in Wuzhong, with straight peaks" (Song Fan Chengda's "Wu Junzhi", Volume 15), "Stand out from the crowd, and the peaks arch", with steep rocks and lush pine forests on the mountain. There is a pavilion on the hillside near the cliff. "There is an inexhaustible clear spring beside the pavilion, the so-called Baiyun Spring". Known as "the first water in Wuzhong (now Suzhou, Jiangsu)", the spring water is crystal clear. "Yes Poetry" and "Famous in the World" (Song and Zhu Xu's "Wu Jun Tu Jing" volume mountain).
But in the eyes of the poet, the beauty of the mountains and rivers is secretly presented as white clouds floating in the wind, freely curled and unattached; The spring water gurgles, free, calm and satisfied. The poet has no intention of describing the majestic Tianping Mountain and the clear and thorough first water in Wuzhong, but deliberately describes the realm of "clouds coming out of the hole unintentionally", showing the magnanimous and indifferent mind of white clouds and the elegant demeanor of spring water. The word "zi" is used in the sentence, which emphasizes the freedom, enjoyment, freedom and comfort of cloud and water. Empathy pays attention to the scenery here, and the scenery contains feelings. "The clouds are light and the wind is light, carefree" is just a self-portrayal of the poet's thoughts and feelings.
"Why rush down the mountain and add waves to the world?" The last two sentences of the poem say, White clouds come in spring, why did you rush down the mountain to add waves to the originally troubled world?
From the year of Bao Liyuan in Tang Jingzong (825) to the second year when Bai Juyi was appointed as the secretariat of Suzhou, the government affairs were very busy and complicated. "Qing Dan piled up a box and retired at dusk. Poor evening scenery disappeared in two official halls "("Twelve Rhymes in Autumn "), and I felt very uneasy. Facing the leisurely white clouds and spring scenery, I can't help feeling envious when comparing my situation that "the heart is a form of service", and an idea of quietism and detachment arises spontaneously. After Bai Juyi was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima in the 10th year of Yuanhe (8 15), his ambition and spirit of saving the world gradually decreased, while his thought of "being at peace" and being independent gradually increased. When he was appointed as the secretariat of Suzhou, he deeply felt that "there are many public and private affairs, and it is extremely rare to decline." Too lazy to greet guests, it is difficult to whip Li Shu "("self-praise "), eager to get rid of annoying common things as soon as possible. The last two sentences reveal the emotion of "if you don't have a lover, why don't you stop being an official", which reflects the poet's thought of being happy and secluded, and shows a side of the poet's later outlook on life.
But in the poet's eyes, this beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers appears as: "Clouds are idle and there is no water". White clouds are floating in the wind, curling freely, without attachments; The spring water gurgles, free, calm and satisfied. The poet has no intention of describing the towering Tianping Mountain and the clearness of the first water in Wuzhong, but deliberately describes the realm of "clouds coming out of the hole unintentionally", showing the magnanimous and indifferent mind of white clouds and the quiet and elegant demeanor of spring water. The word "zi" is used in the sentence, which particularly emphasizes freedom, self-satisfaction, carefree and comfortable. Here, empathy focuses on the scenery, and feelings are contained in the scenery. "Clouds are idle without water" is just a self-portrayal of the poet's thoughts and feelings.
Extended reading: Bai Juyi's childhood story
There was a young genius in the Tang Dynasty who wrote many poems-Bai Juyi.
Bai Juyi began to write poetry at the age of five or six, and was very familiar with the rhyme of poetry at the age of nine. Mother is a kind, strict and educated woman, and she is Bai Juyi's first teacher.
No matter day or night, she always teaches her son a book of poems, but after all, children are sometimes lazy. At this time, my mother didn't beat and scold him, but made sense and urged him to make up the missed study tasks bit by bit.
In this way, Bai Juyi gradually developed a good habit of studying hard.
On one occasion, he came to Gu Kuang, a famous poet at that time, with several new works of his own. Gu Kuang glanced at the name card casually. When he opened it, his eyes seemed to be attracted by the magnet, and he couldn't help chanting with charm: "Wildfire never completely devoured them, and they grew taller in the spring breeze." All right, all right! A person who can write such a poem is not difficult to live anywhere! Come on in! Come on in! "
Seeing that the poet turned out to be a teenager, I happily talked with him about poetry and unconsciously talked about darkness! Bai Juyi is only 16 years old this year.
Since then, the name of this young genius who can write poetry has spread all over Chang 'an.
Bai Juyi's poems are vivid and fluent, even an uneducated old woman can understand them. But who would have thought that he was a "genius" there, and how much effort he spent learning to write poetry?
After becoming famous, Bai Juyi became more strict with himself. He insisted on reading and writing day after day ... Bai Juyi left more than 3 thousand poems for future generations and became one of the poets who wrote the most poems in the Tang Dynasty.