Victor hugo (1February 26th, 802-1May 22nd, 885) is a French romantic writer and a representative figure of humanitarianism. 65438+the representative writer of the positive romantic literary movement in the early 2009 century.
This outstanding bourgeois democratic writer in the history of French literature experienced almost all the major events in France in the19th century, and wrote many poems, novels, plays, various essays, literary comments and political articles in his life.
It has a wide influence in the world and is called "Shakespeare of France". Hugo's creative history is over 60 years, and his works include 26 volumes of poems, 20 volumes of novels, 2 volumes of scripts1and 2 volumes of philosophical works, totaling 79 volumes.
It has added splendid cultural heritage to the treasure house of French literature and human culture. His representative works include the novel Notre Dame de Paris, Les Miserables, and Labor at Sea, and the short story Death of Normandy.
2. Shelley
Percy bysshe shelley (1August 4, 792-1July 8, 822) was a British romantic democratic poet, the first socialist poet, novelist and philosopher.
Prose and political writers, reformers, Platonists and idealists. William wordsworth once called him "one of the best artists among all of us".
Byron also called it "No? Exceptions? The best and least selfish person I know is also called a poet among poets. His representative works include Queen Mahbub, Islamic Uprising and To the British People.
Prometheus Liberated, Clouds, Lark, ode to the west wind, etc. I have a wide range of knowledge in my life. He is not only a Platonist, but also a great idealist.
The poems created are lively and positive. Shelley's short life, as shown in his poems, was upright and brave despite repeated setbacks and adversity.
3. Heine
Heinrich heine (1797 13 February ~ 1856 February 17), a famous German lyric poet and essayist, is called "the last representative of German classical literature".
1797 12 13 was born in a Jewish family in Dü sseldorf-on-Rhine, Germany. Childhood and adolescence experienced the Napoleonic Wars. I studied finance and law.
1795, Napoleon's army marched into the Rhine valley and carried out some democratic reforms on the feudal system in Germany. As Engels pointed out, Napoleon was "the representative of the German revolution, the disseminator of revolutionary principles and the destroyer of the old feudal society".
These reforms of the French army comprehensively improved the social status of the discriminated Jews, so Heine was influenced by the French bourgeois revolutionary thought since childhood.
4. Rousseau
Rousseau is known as "the father of the Romantic Movement". He invented the political philosophy of pseudo-democratic dictatorship, which is opposite to the traditional monarchy, and also created an ideological system to infer facts beyond human scope from the perspective of human emotion.
After Rousseau, the self-proclaimed reformists were divided into two groups, one following Locke and the other following Rousseau all the time. Rousseau was born in Geneva, and his full name is Jean-Jean-jean-jacques rousseau. His father was a watchmaker, and his mother died shortly after he was born.
Later, my father was exiled and left Geneva. Lonely Rousseau grew up with his aunt and was educated by orthodox Calvinists. /kloc-at the age of 0/2, Rousseau stopped studying at school and began to be an apprentice in many industries.
But for these industries, he has no hatred. /kloc-When he was 0/6 years old, he ran away from home and went to Sava alone. At that time, he had no financial resources and no food and clothing, so he had to come to a Catholic priest's house and lied that he wanted to convert.
5. Byron
George gordon byron (1788.1.22-1824.4.19) is an outstanding representative of English romantic literature. 1788 65438+/kloc-0 was born in London on October 22nd, and his parents came from a declining aristocratic family.
He was born lame and sensitive to it. 1805- 1808 studying literature and history at Cambridge university. He is not a diligent student and seldom attends lectures, but he has read extensively European and British literature, philosophy and historical works.
Also engaged in shooting, gambling, drinking, hunting, swimming, boxing and other activities. 1March, 809, entered the House of Lords as a hereditary aristocrat. He attended the House of Lords and delivered some speeches, but these speeches clearly expressed Byron's progressive position of liberalism.