What are the techniques commonly used in wandering poems?

Travel poems usually show the hardships of living in a foreign country, the hardships of wandering, the yearning for relatives in hometown and the expectation of a stable and happy life. These feelings are the eternal connection of human beings, which is easy to cause * * * *. Therefore, most travel poems are easy to understand and meet the requirement of "being able to read simple ancient poems" in the exam instructions, so travel poems are favored by proposers. Looking at the national college entrance examination questions in recent three years, the Partridge Sky and Bai Juyi's Homesick on a Winter Night, which were written in volume A in 2004 and volume C in volume B in 2005, are all poems about wandering, and this kind of poems should attract our attention. Classic Link (National Volume B, 2005) Read the following Tang poems, then answer this question. Bai Juyi, a night dreamer from winter solstice in Handan, has a shadow in front of the knee lamp every winter solstice. If you want to sit at home late at night, you should also talk about travelers. [Note] Winter solstice: one of the 24 solar terms, is an important festival in the Tang Dynasty. (1) Briefly analyze the sentence "the shadow in front of the knee lamp" and tell what the author was feeling at that time. ② How did the author write Homesickness? What are the characteristics of language? Dialysis of test sites: ① The topic is to analyze the ideological tendency in the author's poems. Candidates need to mobilize their imagination to form such a picture in their minds: Bai Juyi is shivering alone with his knees on the night of winter solstice, accompanied by only shadows. The author's mood can be imagined. The first question is actually to examine the expression skills. The author puts pen to paper from the opposite side, imagining his family sitting around in the middle of the night, talking about pedestrians in the distance, to express his thoughts for his family. The second question is to examine the degree of mastery of the language, which implies to examine the examinee's understanding of the author's genre and writing style. Bai Juyi's poems are as plain as words, and it is said that illiterate old women can understand them. This poem also embodies this feature. Reference answer: ① The word "tuck" vividly describes the author's silent sitting posture. The word "in front of the lamp" naturally leads to "shadow", and the word "companion" connects "shadow" and "body" and sits on the knees, which seems to be inseparable. This fully reflects the loneliness of the author when he is homesick. ② The first question: The author mainly uses an imaginary picture, that is, in the middle of the night from the winter solstice, his family is still sitting in front of the lamp, talking about their story as a long-distance traveler. The author writes from the opposite side, not that he is homesick, but that his family misses himself, which highlights his "homesickness". The second question: the language of poetry is unpretentious and easy to understand. The crowning touch technique of appreciating poems on the journey should be like this: 1. Grasping the emotional category There are four kinds of emotions expressed in poems during the journey: ① Describing the pain of the journey and expressing inner loneliness, desolation and homesickness. Such as a night-mooring near maple bridge by Zhang Ji and Qiu Si by Ma Zhiyuan. Feel deep affection and express love and yearning for your loved ones. For example, Meng Jiao's ode to a Wanderer, Du Fu's moonlit night to remember my brothers. (3) Express the loneliness, resentment and indignation of living alone in one's hometown without being reused, talented and able to serve the country. For example, Du Fu's Mountaineering Residence and Fan Zhongyan's The Fisherman's Pride. (4) express the feelings of hating war and missing relatives in hometown. For example, in 2004, Jiangsu published Liu's People's Accusing Officials. 2. Mining Keywords There are some keywords in travel poems, such as "loneliness", "sadness", "ruthlessness", "emptiness", "loneliness" and "homesickness", which are the starting points for appreciation. In the third volume of 2004, I read Yan's Partridge Day. The word "not as good as going home" is the key to understanding "the author's thoughts and feelings" (the second question of the test). It is the key to interpret Kou Zhun's 2005 Spring Upstairs. Sometimes special festivals are also key information, such as winter solstice, New Year's Eve, Lantern Festival, Double Ninth Festival and other important festivals, which often cause travelers to feel homesick. In 2005, Bai Juyi's Winter in Solstice, Night Thinking of My Hometown in Handan, Wei Chu's Partridge Sky, and Jiangsu's Sunset in Fangman in 2006 were all written on special days. 3. Pay attention to the images that are frequently used in the four types of images: ① "Looking at the moon and thinking about a distance", such as Du Fu's 200 1 Spring Shanghai's "Remembering Brothers on a Moonlit Night"; (2) The Legend of Hongyan, such as Yan Wen by Wei in the spring of 2003 and Lengtang by Zhao Wei; (3) "Fold the willow to bid farewell", such as Li Bai's "Smelling the flute in Los Angeles on a Spring Night" in 2002; (4) Cuckoo Crys Blood, such as Partridge Sky written by Yan in National Volume C in 2004. 4. Pay attention to two skills. In addition to the common expression techniques such as "borrowing scenery to express feelings", "combining reality with reality" and "rendering", there are two special expression techniques: ① Music scenes set off sadness. For example, Du Fu's "Poem" compares the feeling of homesickness with the harmony of spring. 2 write on the side. I don't mean homesick, but my family misses you. That's sad. For example, Du Fu's Moonlit Night, Bai Juyi's Night Thoughts on the Winter Solstice in Handan, and Wang Wei's Brothers Silu on Mountain Holiday. 1. Read the following Tang poem and then answer this question. Looking at the moon for fifteen nights, Wang Jian's atrium, crows inhabiting Bai Shu, and silent wet osmanthus in Coody Leng. It's moonlight tonight, and I don't know who will stay in Qiu Si. The first two sentences of this poem describe the scenery. Please analyze the poet's mood at that time. Critics believe that this poem exists in the last two sentences. Please make a brief analysis from the ideological content and artistic skills. (3) When The Whole Tang Poetry entered this poem, "Luo" wrote the word "zai". Is it better to use "drop" or "in"? 2. Read the following Tang poem and then answer this question. In the late autumn of Chang 'an, Zhao Weiyun flows bleak, and the Han Palace moves in high autumn. When the stars are broken, the flute touches the ground. Purple half-open fence is quiet, and red is full of lotus worries. Beautiful perch, empty wearing a southern crown to learn Chu prisoners. What is the function of the word "bleak" in the first couplet? ② Try to analyze the beauty of these two poems. (3) What are the effects of "Purple Chrysanthemum" and "Red Lotus" on the expression of the poet's feelings? (4) What are the couplets written? 3. Read the following words and then answer the questions. Wang Xun in Nanxiangzi soup is foggy, rainy, desolate, the shore flowers are all gone, and partridges are singing. Far away, the boat is in the wild, homesick and the tide is ebbing. What is the theme of this word? The first three sentences of this word are mainly about scenery. Please briefly describe the function of scenery. (3) What is the meaning and function of "homesickness, ebb tide and twilight in spring" in this word? Please give a brief answer. Reference answer 1. At that time, the poet was lonely and sleepless, thinking hard about the moon for a long time, and his mood was rather bleak. (2) The last two sentences don't directly express their deep love for the moon, but are expressed by euphemism questions, which are full of meaning: "Among many full-moon people, I am afraid I am the deepest in Qiu Si!" (3) The word "Luo" is novel and appropriate, distinguished, giving people a sense of movement, as if falling into the world with the glory of silver moon. The word "in" is dwarfed and unremarkable. Answer the word "in" well, and you can score if it makes sense. The word "melancholy" in the poem is both objective and subjective. The coldness of autumn and the desolation of mood set the tone for the whole poem. (2) "What time is the remnant star" is visual observation, and "flute sound" is auditory observation; The "goose crossing" takes a dynamic action, while the "leaning against the building" takes a static action. The description of scenery is unique, combining listening, watching and moving. Scattered remnant stars, marching south, are the most distinctive scenes in the sky at dawn on autumn nights; The flute sound of the high-rise building makes a romantic contrast for it, and the scene selection is typical and the charm is distinct. (3) The purple chrysanthemum is half open and the red lotus is dying, which is a flower event in late autumn; Endowing chrysanthemums with "quietness" and feeling things with "sadness" not only conveys the spirit, but also makes people feel the sadness that beauty is easy to get old and good times are impermanent; The elegant purple chrysanthemum on the hedge is like the wind of a gentleman, which reminds people of "picking chrysanthemums under the east hedge" and naturally leads to seclusion. (4) Express your thoughts on couplets and express your determination to go home resolutely: At this time, the domestic bass tastes delicious, but I don't go back to enjoy it, but I stay in this troubled capital like a prisoner. Why did you come! 3.① Don't hate leaving sorrow (or homesickness, or leaving hatred). (2) Use scenery to express feelings, and use smoke, rain, falling flowers and partridge sounds to render homesickness. (3) The tide is receding, and it is getting late. I am homesick and can't go home, which further highlights and strengthens my homesickness.