1. In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, "inferiority and weakness" was its fundamental defect, and there were mainly three schools.
In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, the "Bai Letian Style" represented by Liu Yun and Xu Xuan appeared. Wang Yucheng, a rising star of this school, studied under Du Fu and Bai Juyi, which was the origin of the poetic innovation in the Northern Song Dynasty.
In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, the poetry in the late Tang Dynasty mainly studied Yao He and Jia Dao. This school was represented by Ye Wei and Lin Bu, in addition to Prime Minister Kou Zhun.
The Kunxi School, which appeared in the early Northern Song Dynasty, mainly studied Li Shangyin's poetic style, represented by Wang Ruoqin and Yang Yi. Yang Yi compiled this poem into Kunxi Appreciation Collection, hence the name Kunxi Poetry School.
2. The heyday of poetry in the Northern Song Dynasty was Zongshen and Zhezong, and the main representatives were Wang Anshi, Su Shi and Huang Tingjian.
Wang Anshi's poems are called "Wang Gong Jing Ti" and "Half Mountain". Su Shi is a figure at the peak of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the most prominent feature of his poems is "taking prose as poetry".
3. In the late Northern Song Dynasty, Jiangxi Poetry School had the greatest influence, represented by Huang Tingjian.
He opposed the ethos of governing politics with poetry and emphasized that poetry expressed personal feelings; He put forward some poetic methods, such as "the word has no source", "turning iron into gold", "seizing the fetus" and "changing bones", and deliberately pursued the adventure of language and rhyme, which greatly developed the atmosphere of taking learning as poetry, discussing as poetry and writing as poetry. After Huang Tingjian's death, the poet Lv Benzhong compiled the Sect Map of Jiangxi Poetry Society, and listed Huang Tingjian as the "ancestor of the Sect". Because Huang Tingjian is from Jiangxi, this school of poetry got its name.
(B) Poetry of Southern Song Dynasty
1 year, in the mid-Southern Song Dynasty, there appeared the "four masters of ZTE": Yang Wanli, Fan Chengda, Lu You and You Mao.
Yang Wanli's poetry has formed a unique "sincere style"; Fan Chengda's Four Seasons Pastoral Music represents the highest achievement of his pastoral poetry and deserves to be regarded as a master of ancient pastoral poetry. The main content of Lu You's poems is patriotic poems, and Lu You is the most accomplished patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty.
2. There were two more influential schools of poetry in the late Southern Song Dynasty.
One is Yongjia School represented by Ji Xu, Zhao Xu, Weng Juan and Zhao Shixiu, also known as the "Four Spirits School", and the other is Jianghu School represented by Dai Fugu and Liu Kezhuang, named after the bookseller Chen Qi published Jianghu Collection. Before and after the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty, a group of patriotic poets, such as Zheng Sixiao and Wang Yuanliang, represented by Wen Tianxiang, wrote the History of Song Poetry.