Introduction
Scenery of Wuyi Lane (1)(2 photos) Wuyi Lane is located in the south of Confucius Temple. During the Three Kingdoms period, it was the location of Wu Guomao's army barracks guarding Stone City. At that time, all the sergeants were wearing black uniforms, so Wuyi Lane
took "Wuyi" as its name. At the beginning of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Wang Dao, the minister, lived here, and later became the residential area of Wang, Xie and other noble families. In the mid-Tang Dynasty, the poet Liu Yuxi lamented that "in the old days, the king thanked the court and flew into the homes of ordinary people", which showed that Xie Wang's former residence had long since disappeared. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Jiankang City was once restored and developed. "The goods are prosperous and the people are rich in wealth." People rebuilt the "Laiyantang" in the former residence of Wang and Xie. Its address is in the east of Wuyi Lane. The building is simple and elegant, and portraits of Wang Dao and Xie An are hung in the hall. Scholars are constantly visiting, becoming a scenic spot to pay tribute to the famous faces of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and express their nostalgia for the past. At present, it is a small narrow street, where people still live in the homes of ordinary people, but the pavement houses on both sides of the street have become folk handicraft shops, where Chinese and foreign tourists can watch and buy all kinds of handicrafts. In 1997, the Qinhuai District People's Government restored Wuyi Lane and rebuilt the ancient residence of Wang Xie with national style.
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Wuyi Lane has a long history. According to local chronicles, its name originated from the Three Kingdoms period. Battle of Red Cliffs, Sun Quan and Liu Bei formed an alliance, which greatly defeated Cao Jun and laid a three-point world situation. At that time, in 22 AD, Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, with the title "Wei", in 221 AD, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, with the title "Han", commonly known as Shu or Shu Han, in 229 AD, rising of sun, with the title "Wu", was known as Soochow in history, and in that autumn and July, Sun Quan moved the capital from Wuchang to Nanjing, taking the meaning of "making contributions", and would Sun Quan was the first emperor in history to build an army capital of Nanjing. At that time, Sun Quan's soldiers were all dressed in black, and the place where the troops were stationed was called Wuyi Camp. Wuyixiang
In 28 AD, the Jin army captured Jianye, Sun Hao surrendered, Wu died, and the business was rebuilt as Jianye (there is a district in Nanjing called jianye district). Wuyixiang Scenery (2)(13 pictures) In 29 AD, Emperor Wu of Jin died, and the imperial palace and the Wang Zhengduo powers killed each other, resulting in the Eight Kings Rebellion. In 37 AD, Sima Chi, Emperor Huai of Jin, appointed Si Marui, the evil king of Lang, as General Anton, to manage Yangzhou, Jiangnan and other places. In 317 AD, Sima Ye, the then emperor, was captured and the Western Jin Dynasty perished. The following year, Si Marui was promoted as emperor, with its capital in Jiankang, now Nanjing. The reason why Si Marui was able to establish a foothold in Jianye and reorganize the political power in order to prolong the Jin Dynasty was due to Wang Dao's planning and handling. The Wang family represented by Wang Dao and the Xie family represented by Xie 'an both lived in the former site of Sunwu Wuyiying, which was renamed as "Wuyiying Lane" at this time. Wang Dao assisted in the establishment of the Eastern Jin Dynasty with a history of one hundred years; Xie An commanded the battle of Feishui, and defeated Fu Qin's million-strong army with less. As a generation of celebrities, Wang and Xie are enough to make future generations miss them. What is even more surprising is that Wang and Xie have a large number of talented people. Wang Xizhi and two other great calligraphers, Wang Xianzhi and Wang Xun, reached the pinnacle of their calligraphy achievements. Xie Lingyun was the originator of the school of landscape poetry in China, and he and Xie Huilian and Xie Tiao, great poets descended from Xie, were also called "three thanks" in the history of literature. After entering the Tang Dynasty, Wuyi Lane was reduced to ruins. Liu Yuxi, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a well-known poem: "There are weeds and flowers beside the Suzaku Bridge, and the sunset is setting at the mouth of Wuyi Lane. In the old days, Wang thanked the Tang Dynasty and flew into the homes of ordinary people." It is a sigh here. A few strokes describe the vicissitudes of Wuyi Lane from the Six Dynasties to the Middle Tang Dynasty. Since then, Wuyi Lane has been well-known at home and abroad, with endless tourists. Now the poem engraved in the alley is written by Comrade Mao Zedong. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Jiankang City was once restored and developed. "The goods are prosperous and the people are rich in wealth." People rebuilt the "Laiyantang" in the former residence of Wang and Xie. The building is simple and elegant, with portraits of Wang Dao and Xie An hanging in the hall. Scholars are constantly visiting, becoming a scenic spot to pay tribute to the famous faces of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and express their nostalgia for the past.
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Liu Yuxi's cursive calligraphy post on Wuyi Lane
[1] Wu Yi Lane Author: Liu Yuxi's Suzaku Bridge is covered with weeds, and the sunset is setting at the entrance of Wuyi Lane. The swallows under the eaves of Wang Dao and Xie an have now flown into the homes of ordinary people. Suzaku Bridge is outside Jinling, and Wuyi Lane is beside the bridge. Wuyi Swallow, the home of Wang Xie in the old days, has many swallows in the court. Xie Wang Wang Dao, Xie An, Jin Xiang, aristocratic families, many talented people, all lived in the alley, crowned with tassels, and were the giant rooms of the Six Dynasties (Wu, the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Song Qi Liang Chen successively established their capital in Jiankang, which is now Nanjing). By the time of the Tang dynasty, they all fell into the unknown place.
Editing this journey
Liu Yuxi's feelings in Wuyi Lane, Nanjing originated from two prominent prime ministers' families, Wang and Xie, where Gu Xiang once lived: one was Wang Dao, who helped to establish the Eastern Jin Dynasty with a history of one hundred years; The other was Xie An, who commanded the battle of Feishui, and defeated Fu Qin's million-strong army with less. As famous figures of a generation, Wang and Xie are enough for future generations to miss. What is even more surprising is that Wang and Xie have a large number of talented people, and the Gu Xiang where they live has the elegant demeanor of "Wang's calligraphy and Xie's poems". Wang Xizhi and two other great calligraphers, Wang Xianzhi and Wang Gou, reached the pinnacle of their calligraphy achievements. Wuyixiang
Yixiang is famous in ancient and modern times, not only because Wang Dao and Xie An lived here, but also because the calligrapher Wang Xizhi and the originator of landscape poetry Xie Lingyun and Xie Tao lived here, and also because two big families in Xie Wang lived here for 3 years, and a group of people who had a far-reaching influence on the history of the Jin Dynasty appeared. People from two big families participated in important political events throughout the dynasties. Starting from the bustling Confucius Temple, step over the Wende Bridge on the Qinhuai River, and leave the attractive Meixiang Building for a few tens of meters to the southwest, and you can see the inscription and poem monument of Wuyi Lane. The alley is narrow, paved with blue bricks, and on both sides are short houses with antique architectural style. Everything seems ordinary, so ordinary that many people who don't know it think it is just a typical alley in the south of the Yangtze River. A quiet, nostalgic alley. However, it is not ordinary, because it is not another alley, it is Wuyi Lane. We push history back to 17 years and return to the era of Soochow in the Three Kingdoms. At that time, Nanjing was also called Jianye. If Gou Jian, the King of Yue, built Yuecheng for the beginning of Nanjing, Jianye at that time had a history of only 8 years. At that time, Jianye was far from being as big as Nanjing today, and the capital of Dongwu was just in Jilong Mountain and Zhoushan. At that time, the rulers of Sun Shi Dynasty lived in the legendary Taichu Palace. At that time, the Qinhuai River was much wider than today, with rippling blue waves and sparkling water. At that time, people didn't know what role their capital would play in history in the future. The gold powder of the Six Dynasties and the bright color of Qinhuai would have to wait hundreds or even thousands of years before they appeared in people's sight. At that time, the legendary Confucius Temple and the Ming City Wall were just a piece of flat land. However, if we can go back to that time, we will see teams of soldiers dressed in black living, practicing and laughing in this alley by the Qinhuai River. This is the location of Wuyi camp in Dongwu Guard Army. Naturally, people call this alley Wuyi Lane. Later, some people said that the word "black clothes" actually came from Wang Xie's children's love of wearing black clothes, so I felt that although it was romantic, it was not as deep and meaningful as this Dongwu armor. Walking in Wuyi Lane, all the buildings on both sides are painted with white walls. With antique tile roofs and cornices, it is quite Gu Xiang-like. These houses were newly built by the Qinhuai District Government not long ago according to the ancient architectural style, which complemented the Ming and Qing buildings in Qinhuai District. As soon as you turn into the corner, you can see that the four golden characters "Wang Xie Gu Ju" stand out on the snow-white wall, and then a Zhumen Mansion with a big plaque of "Wang Xie Gu Ju" is undoubtedly the legendary Wang Xie Tang Mansion. Therefore, people can't help but think of the sentence "Old Wang Xie Tang Qian Yan". Undoubtedly, every brick and stone in Wuyi Lane is closely linked with the history of Wang Dao and Xie An. The history of Wang Dao and Xie An is undoubtedly closely linked with the history of the whole Eastern Jin Dynasty and even the whole cultural history of China. It turns out that there used to be several powerful people living in this alley. Wuyixiang was first of all Wang Dao, an important minister in the establishment of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. At first, it was Anton Sima of Si Marui, the King of Jinshi. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the rebellion of the Eight Kings broke out, and the rule of the Western Jin Dynasty collapsed once. Wang Dao sized up the situation and thought that the world was in chaos, and only Si Marui could revitalize Jinshi. I devoted myself to pushing and planning for it. It was he who persuaded Si Marui to move the capital to Jiankang (namely Jianye in Soochow, Nanjing today), which laid the foundation for the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It was he who, relying on the strength of the northern gentry, united with the gentry in the south of the Yangtze River, and helped Si Marui to establish the Eastern Jin regime. He served as Zaifu of the Jin, Yuan, Ming and Cheng emperors, and maintained the stability of the Eastern Jin Dynasty with the policy of "keeping the town quiet and feeling at ease". As the founding father of the Jin Dynasty, Wang Daogong was unparalleled and had unlimited scenery for a while. It is said that Si Marui had to pull Wang Dao to his side that day to be congratulated by the officials. There is a saying among the people that "the king and the horse are under the heaven", which shows its power. The founding father of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, his mansion is in Wuyi Lane. Followed by Xie An, a legendary figure in the history of China. He lived in seclusion in Dongshan, using Zhuge as a metaphor, and didn't take office as prime minister until he was in his forties, thus creating the idiom "make a comeback" in our vocabulary. At the beginning of his tenure, he successfully prevented Huan Wen from usurping the throne. In the eighth year of Taiyuan, he even commanded a miraculous battle in the history of China: the Battle of Feishui. With 8, soldiers, he defeated the 1 million troops of former Qin and Fu Jian, thus laying a 3-year stable situation in the Southern Dynasties. In this battle, which is considered to change the history of China, Xie An is free and romantic. According to < < The Book of Jin-Xie An Biography > > Zai, when the good news of the battle of Feishui came, he was playing chess with someone. After reading the military book, there was no expression, and he continued to move. Others couldn't help asking him, but he only said faintly: "The younger generation has broken the thief." It is so calm. The man who saved the Eastern Jin Dynasty from collapse is also in Wuyi Lane. For the first time, Wuyi Lane attracted the attention of history. As you can imagine, Wuyixiang, as the residence of the minister who was in power at that time, and as the gathering place of the aristocratic literati, what a lively and prosperous scene! Noble house, BMW car. Painting eaves is like clouds during the day, and snuff is like rain at night. More importantly, it is not only the courtyard of the Haozu, but also an indispensable landscape in the cultural history of China. Today, when we look back, we will all marvel at the literary romance of the children of the two ethnic groups in Xie Wang at that time. In our memory, I'm afraid no two families can emerge so many people who occupy such an important position in cultural history; I'm afraid there is no place like Wuyi Lane where so many historical pens have been concentrated in a short period of time. People often say that the romantic life is eternal, and the late Tang poems of Wei and Jin dynasties are the first. Even if we only glance at Wuyi Lane in the Eastern Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, it is already full of stars. Wuyixiang
Xie An, the commander of the battle of Feishui just mentioned, is famous for his romantic youth. History shows that he likes to chant for Luoxia scholars. Because of rhinitis, his voice is thick and muddy, which has become fashionable, leading people to learn with their noses held. His personality is quiet and has the demeanor of a Confucian general. Apart from the story of his comeback, he also owes the idioms published by the battle of Feishui, such as whip-stopping and jittery. Xie Daowen, daughter of Anxi General Xie Yi, is a famous talented woman. It was once said that "catkins are not as good as wind" to describe snow, which is a famous sentence. Later, she married Wang Ningzhi, the son of Wang Xizhi, who was dissatisfied with his mediocrity and lamented: "I don't know that there is such a Wang Lang under the earth." It has become the idiom "Wang Lang". Xie Lingyun, the grandson of Xie An, is a poet who occupies an important position in the history of China literature and the originator of the school of landscape poetry. His poems are known as hibiscus coming out of the water. The famous phrase "Spring grass grows in the pond, willow turns into songbirds" has been circulated for thousands of years, and I don't know how many literati have been dumped. Xie Huilian, the younger brother of Xie Lingyun, was a poet in Southern Dynasties and Song Dynasty. There was quite a literary name at that time. Xie Tiao, also known as Xiao Xie, was a poet in the Southern Dynasties, and Gao Zu was Xie An's brother. The developer of landscape poetry is extremely negative in poetry name. It is said that Qi Emperor Xiao Yan once said, "If you don't read Xie Tiao's poems for three days, you will feel bad breath." Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, highly praised him, and he was repeatedly mentioned in his poems and praised him. Later generations even have the saying that Li Bai "thanked Xuancheng with his head down all his life". Xie Huilian and Xie Lingyun are also called "three thanks". As for the royal family, the book sage Wang Xizhi is famous all over the world. He is the son of Wang Dao's younger brother. Works <; < Lanting preface post > > It has always been considered as "the best running script in the world". Wang Xianzhi, the son of Wang Xizhi, is also a famous calligrapher. It is called "Little Saint". Together with his father, they are both first-class figures in the history of calligraphy. Wang Tanzhi, Wang Huizhi and Wang Ningzhi in Wang's novels are not unknown, and all kinds of stories have been passed down to this day. Wuyixiang In addition, celebrities in Jiankang at that time included famous poets Yan Yannian, Shen Yue and Bao Zhao, edited by < < Selected Works of Zhaoming > > Prince Xiao Tong, author <; < Wen Xin Diao Long > > Liu Xie, <; < Poetry > > Author zhong Rong. Zhang Sengyou, the protagonist of the idiom "Make the finishing point". If we broaden the scope, we can cite mathematician Zu Chongzhi, astronomer Yu Xi, chemist Ge Hong, medical scientist Tao Jinghong, philosopher and author <; < Deism > > Fan Zhen and the monk Faxian and so on. These people are in Jiankang, and more or less they have relations with Wuyi Lane, a high-grade residential area. This is a great era, as Yu Qiuyu said, these people are almost all masters in their respective fields. In the times, Wuyi Lane witnessed all this with her own eyes. This is the luck of Wuyi Lane. Its name has been written into history with the history of this large number of geniuses, and it can't be erased any more. Today, the rebuilt Wang Xieguju is divided into Lai Yantang, Ting Zheng Tang and Jian Jin Lou. "Lai Yan" is taken from the story that Xie An sent a letter with Yan. Listening to the zither hall was the place where Xie Zhai listened to Xie An play the zither when Emperor Xiaowu of Jin was lucky. "Jian Jin" clearly means "taking history as a mirror, you can know the rise and fall". The big characters on the plaque are written in official script, which is a great legacy of Wei and Jin Dynasties. There are sculpture exhibitions in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, living rooms in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, frescoes of the Battle of Feishui, seven sages of bamboo forest and Gu Kaizhi's works <; < Luo Shenfu > > The complex map, as well as the winding water flow channel like Lanting. You can also see the style of Wei and Jin figures again. Upstairs is an exhibition of Qinhuai history.