One of the earliest literary genres that appeared in our country originated from the labor calls of primitive people. It is a kind of literature with rhymes and songs.
Old poems mostly have four characters, such as the Book of Songs, and after the Eastern Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, there were more five or seven characters. In the Tang Dynasty, there were ancient and modern styles, and there were new poems in the May Fourth Movement.
In ancient my country, poems about Hele music were called songs, and poems about non-Hele music were called poems. Although they are different, it is extremely difficult to distinguish them. There are often works that have the characteristics of both, so we often call poetry Collectively. Of course, whether it is a piece of music or not, it has a strong musical beauty.
Poetry is divided into ancient poetry, modern poetry and new poetry according to the era; it is divided into narrative poetry and lyric poetry according to the way of expression; it is divided into four categories according to the content: pastoral poetry, landscape poetry, scientific poetry and poetry chanting objects.
1. Ancient style poetry
Ancient style poetry is a poetry theme relative to modern poetry. It is also called ancient poetry but is by no means ancient style. Ancient style only has "song", "line" and "yin". "Three carriers, this point is often misunderstood by many people who study ancient poetry. Ancient poetry refers to poetry before the Tang Dynasty (mainly Han and Wei Dynasties) and works imitating poetry before the Tang Dynasty. It is a collective name for various poetry genres except Chu Ci before the formation of modern poetry. Developed from folk songs, it does not require confrontation or evenness, and uses rhyme freely. Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen in the middle Tang Dynasty used the form of Yuefu to innovate their poems, which was called New Yuefu, which also belongs to the category of ancient poetry.
2. Chu Ci
A style of poetry, named after the Chu region in the south during the Warring States Period, represented by Qu Yuan's "Li Sao", also known as "Sao Style" .
In terms of time, Chu Ci was formed at roughly the same time as ancient poetry, but it is fundamentally different from ancient poetry, so it became an independent style. In terms of poetry genre, it is a new poetry style created by poets represented by Qu Yuan in the late Warring States Period based on Chu folk songs. This style of poetry has a strong regional cultural flavor. As Huang Bosi, a Song Dynasty poet, said, "They all wrote Chu language, composed Chu sounds, recorded Chu places, and named Chu objects" ("Dongguan Yulun"). In the Han Dynasty, Chu Ci was also called Ci or Ci Fu. Therefore, the author believes that Chu Ci was formed in the era of ancient poetry, but the style is an independent style in view of the relationship between poems and songs.
Characteristics: It integrates a large number of mythological stories and is full of fantasy and romance; in addition to lyricism, it also uses the method of elaboration; the sentence structure is relatively prose style, and a large number of "Xi" characters are used.
3. Modern poetry
A poetry style opposite to ancient poetry, also known as "modern poetry" and "metrical poetry". The number of sentences, the number of words, the rhythm and rhyme are strict. regulations. Divided into two categories: verses and quatrains.
4. Rhymed Poetry
A style of modern poetry, divided into five rhymes and seven rhymes. It has certain specifications and requirements in terms of pronunciation, rhythm, sentence structure, and dialogue. The whole poem has eight lines, divided into first couplet, chin couplet, neck couplet and last couplet.
5. Quatrains
A form of modern poetry, divided into five quatrains and seven quatrains, with four lines per poem. It is generally considered to be half of a truncated poem.
6. New poetry
Also known as modern poetry, it refers to the new style poetry produced since the May 4th Movement in China. In form, it breaks the limitations of the rhythm of old-style poetry and adopts a relatively free form and vernacular that is close to spoken language, making it easier to reflect social life and express thoughts and feelings.
New poems are required to be concise, rhyme, and generally neat.
7. Songxing style
A style of Yuefu folk songs. Song is the general name. Songs that show off one's abilities are called "xing", and "singing tunes and sighing" are all called Yuefu songxing style. There is no strict distinction between them.
Characteristics: ① There is a fixed tone of words, but most of the articles have no definite sentences or sentences, and they are mainly miscellaneous words. The language is mostly colloquial, popular and vivid; ② The rhyme is relatively free in terms of phonological rhythm and does not have definite characters. Talk about balance and contrast; ③ Expression techniques: In addition to comparison, parallelism is often used, and the narrative is full of twists and turns. It is good at dialogue and detailed description to depict characters and create images.