Song dynasty: Lu you
Red crisp hands, yellow wine, mancheng spring willow. The east wind is evil, and the feelings are thin. A sad mood, a cable that I haven't seen for years. No, no, no.
Spring is the same, people are empty, and tears are red and sad. Peach blossom falls, idle pool pavilion. Although Meng Shan is here, it is hard to trust Jin Shu. Mo, Mo, Mo!
Appreciate:
This word is about Lu You's own love tragedy.
The first film of Ci laments the pain of forced divorce by recalling the happy love life in the past, which has two meanings.
The first three sentences are the first layer of the film, recalling the beautiful scene when I was traveling with Tang family: "Bare hands, yellow wine. Spring scenery in the city. " Although it is a memory, it is impossible to write down the whole scene, because it is lyric, not prose, not memoir, so I only choose one scene to write, and this scene only chooses one or two most representative and characteristic details to write.
"Red Crispy Hands" not only describes Tang's graceful gesture of being attentive to the poet, but also summarizes the beauty of Tang as a whole (including her inner beauty). However, more importantly, it concretely and vividly shows the tenderness between loving couples and the happiness and joy of their married life. The third sentence outlines a broad and far-reaching background for the couple in the Spring Garden, pointing out that they are enjoying the spring scenery. The rosy arms of down, the yellow seal of wine and the green of willow give this painting a bright and harmonious sense of color.
The second story of East Wind Evil is about the writer's painful feelings after he was forced to divorce Tang. On the previous floor, I wrote about Chun Qing in Spring Scenes, which is infinitely beautiful. When I suddenly turned here, the tide of angry feelings suddenly broke through the gate of the poet's mind and was irresistibly vented. The word "East Wind Evil" is a pun with rich connotations, which is the key to the whole word and the crux of the poet's love tragedy.
It turns out that the east wind can revive the earth and bring vitality to everything. But when it blows wildly, it will also destroy the spring state. The next film says that "peach blossoms fall, and the pool pavilion is idle", which is the serious consequence it brings, so it is called "evil".
But mainly figuratively, it is the power of "evil" that causes the poet's love tragedy. As for whether Lu Mu is included, the answer should be undeniable. Just because it is inconvenient to say it, but it is unavoidable, I have to express it in this implicit way.
The following three sentences further express the poet's hatred of "Dongfeng" and complement the word "evil": "Love is thin. I am sad for a few years. " A happy marriage was forced to break up, and loving couples were forced to separate, which made them suffer great emotional torture and pain. Years of separation only brought them sadness and resentment.
Just like the brilliant spring flowers are destroyed and withered by the ruthless east wind. Next, "wrong, wrong, wrong", three "wrong" words in a row, even burst out, wrong, scattered, but also wrong responsibility, feelings are extremely painful. But who is wrong? Is it to deny "dare not violate the wishes of the venerable" and finally "marry the daughter"? Is it a denial of the oppression of the venerable person? Is it a denial of the unreasonable marriage system?
The poet didn't make it clear, and it was not easy to make it clear. This "one thousand catties of olives" (Dream of Red Mansions) is left for readers to taste. Although this layer is straightforward, angry feelings flow like a river. But it's not endless. The words "east wind evil" and "wrong, wrong, wrong" are very interesting.
The second part of the word, from feeling the past back to reality, further expresses the great grief of his wife's forced divorce, and is also divided into two layers.
Change the first three sentences to the first floor and write down the performance of Down's when Shen Yuan meets again. "Spring scenery remains the same" comes from the last sentence "Spring scenery in the city", which is the background of meeting at this time. It is still the same spring day as before, but people are not what they used to be. In the past, the skin of down was so rosy and full of youthful vitality; At this time, after the ruthless destruction of the "East Wind", she was haggard and emaciated. Although the phrase "people are empty and thin" only describes the change of Tang's appearance, it clearly shows the great pain brought to her by "being away from cables for several years".
Like a poet, she also suffers from "melancholy"; Like a poetess, she is full of old feelings and longing for love. Otherwise, it wouldn't be so thin. Writing about the change of appearance to express the change of inner world is a common technique in literary works, but adding a word "empty" between "person" and "thin" has another meaning. "You have a wife, and Luo Fu has a husband."
From the perspective of marriage, the two have long been irrelevant, and things have come to this. Then this "thinness" is to torture yourself for acacia in vain. With this word, the poet's feelings of pity, comfort and pain are expressed.
The phrase "tears" further shows Tang's mental state at this meeting through her facial expressions and movements. When the old garden meets again, I can't help crying when I think of the past. But the poet did not write tears directly, but wrote her "tears are red and sad" by line drawing, which is more euphemistic, more calm, more vivid and more touching.
And the word "head" not only shows his tears, but also shows his sadness. On the second floor of the last film, the screenwriter wrote himself in a straightforward way; Here, when she wrote about Tang's family, she changed her skills and only wrote about the changes in her appearance and posture and her painful feelings. Because what is written in this layer is seen by the poet, it also has the artistic effect of "feeling at first sight". It can be seen that poets are not only deeper than feelings, but also deeper than words.
The last few words of the word are the second layer of the next movie, which describes the writer's painful mood after he is down and out. The sentence "Peach Blossom Falls" and the previous sentence "East Wind Evil" take care of each other, highlighting that although writing about scenery is about scenery, it also implies personnel. Peach blossoms wither and the garden is neglected. This is just a change of things, but the change of personnel is even more than the change of things.
Tang, as beautiful as peach blossom, was also tortured by the ruthless "east wind"; The poet's own mood, like a "leisure pool pavilion", is lonely and cold. It is ingenious and natural to have two meanings at the same time. Next, I turned to direct affection and said, "Although Meng Shan is here, it is difficult to ask for a book."
Although these two sentences are only a few words, they can show the poet's own inner pain. Although I love myself like a rock, my infatuation will not change, but such a sincere heart is difficult to express. Clearly in love, but can not love; Obviously you can't love, but you can't cut this thread of love.
In an instant, there was love, hate, pain and resentment. Seeing Tang's haggard face and miserable situation, he felt pity and comfort. An unspeakable sadness rushed out of his chest: "Mo, Mo, Mo!" It means: things have reached this point, which is irreparable and irreversible. What do you want it to do? What do you think it can do? So cut the gordian knot: just, just, just! Obviously, the words are still unfinished, the meaning is still unfinished, and the feelings are still unfinished, but it happened that they were lost. The whole word ended in an extremely painful sigh.
This word has always arranged its own pen and ink around the specific space of the Academy of Gods. The last one changed from reminiscing about the past to caressing the present, and it was changed to "Dongfeng Evil Evil Evil"; Back to reality after the film, "Spring as Old" echoes the sentence of the previous film "Spring in the City", and "Peach Blossom Falls, Idle Pool Pavilion" echoes the sentence of the previous film "East Wind Evil", which makes the events and scenes in the same space at different times vividly superimposed.
The whole word is compared. As shown in the above film, the more beautiful scenes when couples lived together in the past, the more they felt the sadness after being forced to divorce, and the more they showed the ruthlessness and abomination of the "East Wind", thus forming a strong emotional contrast.
The first one is "with bare hands", and the next one is "people are empty and thin". In the image and sharp contrast, it fully shows the great mental torture and pain brought to Down's family by "staying away from the rope for several years". The rhythm of the whole word is very fast, and the voice is sad and tense. Coupled with the words "wrong, wrong, wrong" and "mo, mo, mo", I have sighed twice, which makes people sad and speechless.
In a word, this word has achieved the perfect unity of content and form, and it is a unique and tearful work.
(2) "Chai Tou Shi Feng Qingbo"
Song Dynasty: Tang Wan
The world is thin, human feelings are evil, and it is easy to fall when the rain is sent late. The breeze is dry and the tears are residual. If you have to worry, just say it alone. Difficult, difficult, difficult! People become different, today is not yesterday, and sick souls are often thousands of miles away. The horn is cold and the night is hazy. Afraid of being asked questions, swallow your tears and pretend to be happy. Hide, hide, hide! (Pretend to be happy: make up)
Appreciate:
Tang Wan is one of the beautiful and affectionate talented women often mentioned in the history of our country. She married Lu You, a great poet, and the couple got along well. This is really a beautiful thing on earth. Unfortunately, Lu You's mother, as a mother-in-law, never liked this talented daughter-in-law, forcing Lu You to divorce her who was distressed by him.
Lu you adopted a perfunctory attitude towards his mother's intervention; Put Tang Wan in another pavilion and meet secretly from time to time. Unfortunately, Lu's mother discovered the secret and took drastic measures to finally break her lover. Tang Wan later remarried to Zhao Shicheng, a native of the same county, but he still missed Lu You in his heart. On a spring outing, I happened to meet Lu You in Shenyuan. With the consent of Zhao Shicheng, Tang Wan sent someone to send wine and food to Lu You. Lu You felt sorry for the old love and wrote a famous sentence "Hairpin Phoenix" to show his respect. Tang Wan answered with this word.
The first movie of Chinese characters is intertwined with very complicated emotional content. The phrase "the world is thin and human feelings are evil" expresses the resentment of the world under the control of feudal ethics. The "world sentiment" is so thin and the "human sentiment" is so evil, all because of "sentiment" and it is corroded by feudal ethics. "Book of Rites Neize" says: "A son is extremely suitable for his wife, but his parents are unhappy."
According to this etiquette, Lu Mu broke up a loving couple. It is very accurate and powerful to attack the harmfulness of feudal ethics with the words "evil" and "thin", and the author's deep hatred of feudal ethics has also been fully vented. "Rain sends flowers to fall at dusk" is a symbolic metaphor for the tragic situation of collapse.
Rainy night flower was originally the favorite image in Lu You's ci. Its "diviner" once used it to explain itself. Tang Wan's absorption of this image into her own works not only means mourning for herself, but also shows that she and Lu You are soul mates. "The breeze dries up the tears" is about the inner pain, which is extremely touching. The flowers and plants that were wet by rain at dusk were dried by breeze, but they shed tears all night and were still wet at dawn, and the traces were still there. How pathetic!
There are many examples of comparing tears with rain in ancient poems, but it is undoubtedly Tang Wan's original creation to wipe tears with rain blown dry by breeze and use handkerchiefs as a foil to express endless grief. "I want to write my heart, but I don't want to say it alone" means that she wants to write her inner feelings of parting and lovesickness on stationery and send them to each other. Do you want to do this?
She leaned against the fence and thought alone. "Difficult, difficult, difficult!" It's all monologues Therefore, she didn't do it in the end. Because of the cruelty of feudal ethics. The word "difficult" in this stack of voices is made up of Qian Qian's thousands of sorrows and grievances, so it seems simple, but in fact it is complicated, and it is always more with less. Two sentences from the beginning illustrate the difficulty of being a man and a woman in this declining world. Open the following chapter and explain that it is particularly difficult to be a divorced and remarried woman.
After the movie "Every man has his own ambition, this is not what it used to be, and the sick soul is often like a thousand ropes", these three sentences have a strong artistic generalization. "Everyone has his own interests" is spatial. The author imagines from Lu You and himself: Although he feels lonely after divorce, doesn't Lu You, who deeply loves himself, feel lonely? "Today is not yesterday" is about time. It contains multiple misfortunes.
What an unfortunate thing it is from yesterday's happy wedding smoke to today's lovesickness, from yesterday's forced divorce to today's forced remarriage! But the unfortunate thing continues: "A sick soul often seems to be thousands of miles away." Obviously, it is considered to be a "sick soul" rather than a "dream soul". I dreamed of the soul at night, and I became ill from overwork, and finally became a "sick soul". Yesterday there was a dream soul, but today there is only a "sick soul". This is also the misfortune of "today is not yesterday". More unfortunately, after remarriage, even the freedom to cry is lost, and I can only be sad at night.
These four sentences, "the horn is cold, the night is dim, I dare not ask people, and I cry with joy", specifically tell this dilemma. The bleakness and resentment of the "cold" horn will end the "dark" long night. Only those who can't sleep at night can feel so real.
Generally speaking, I can't sleep all night, and the closer I get to dawn, the more upset I get. The heroine in this word is not only busy and upset, but also has to swallow her tears and force a smile. The pain of his mental state can be imagined. The sentence ends with the word "hide", echoing the beginning again. Since the hateful feudal ethics does not allow pure and noble love to exist, then treasure it in your heart! So the more you hide it, the more you can see her devotion and unswerving loyalty to Lu You.
Compared with Lu You's original words, Lu You is famous for his unique voice and feelings, because he combines his own ideas with reality, full of regrets, and focuses on depicting a sad and sour emotional picture. Tang Wan is in a more miserable situation than Lu You. Since ancient times, "the voice of melancholy is wonderful", "poor words are easy to be good" (Han Yu's "Preface to Tan Singing and Poetry").
As long as she really writes about her sufferings, it is a good word. Therefore, this word is purely an emotional expression of self-pity, mainly touching ancient and modern times with lingering and persistent feelings and tragic experiences. Although the two words adopt different artistic means, they are both suitable for their respective personalities, experiences and identities. It can be said that each has done its own pole and achieved the ultimate. When reading together, it is quite wonderful to match each other.
In the records of the Song Dynasty, the first word handed down to Tang Wan only contained two sentences, namely, "the world is thin and human feelings are evil", and it was said that "I can't be all stingy" at that time (see Volume 10 of Continued Old News by Hu Chen for details). This word was first seen in Volume 10 of Ancient and Modern Ci edited by Zhuo in Ming Dynasty and Volume 118 of Poems of Past Dynasties edited by Shen in Qing Dynasty, which was quoted by the owner of Cross-Zhai. Due to the late age, Yu Pingbo suspected that it was written by later generations on the basis of the remaining two sentences.