Poetry in the Tang Dynasty reached a peak. Why is this happening?

First of all, the developed economy in the Tang Dynasty laid a solid material foundation for the prosperity of ancient poetry in the Tang Dynasty. Historically, China in the Tang Dynasty was a big country in China, and the Tang Dynasty was the peak of the development of feudal society. Such a prosperous economy provides the necessary conditions for such things as art, and it is the specific material conditions for poets such as Li Bai and Du Fu to wander freely in the famous mountains and rivers of the motherland, while Wang Changling and Wang Zhihuan casually "flag and sing". Secondly, the loose political policy implemented in the Tang Dynasty also played a very important role in the prosperity of ancient poetry in the Tang Dynasty. A series of policies and measures implemented by the rulers, such as the coexistence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, opening up the way and selecting scholars by poetry and fu, are another social reason for the prosperity of Tang poetry. Third, the Tang Dynasty, as the royal family that ruled this dynasty, was the leader of the Tang Dynasty and had an unprecedented mind and vision. More importantly, the Tang Dynasty was an unprecedented ethnic integration in the history of China. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, was also of foreign origin, so the ethnic policy of the Tang Dynasty was unprecedentedly enlightened. "It is precisely because of this political background that the Li Dynasty can face foreign civilizations with unprecedented self-confidence, and this self-confidence is weak." The national policy pursued by Datang is "China is safe, and the outside world is four-self", and foreigners are treated equally. Many foreign cultures have been integrated into China culture, showing China's great power. The self-confidence of the Tang Dynasty gave the poet the mentality of "reaching the peak and the other mountains all appear dwarfs under the sky.", and the cultures of all ethnic groups prospered and developed. In order to seal and govern the border areas, the rulers of the Tang Dynasty attached great importance to the frontier defense work and rewarded it greatly. This aroused the enthusiasm of poets to join the army in the frontier, especially some literati, who went to the frontier to join the shogunate and hired the battlefield with the lords. "Being a centurion is better than being a scholar." "Fame is just around the corner. It' s really a man' s master and a woman' s master. " It has become a fashion to make contributions. The frontier fortress's military life and exotic scenery increased their knowledge, broadened their horizons and stimulated their creative enthusiasm, and a large number of poets came into being to express their frontier fortress feelings. According to statistics, there are more than 2000 poems with frontier fortress as the theme in the whole Tang Dynasty. The prosperity of frontier fortress poetry adds luster to the prosperity of Tang poetry. Fourth, the Tang Dynasty attached great importance to poetic talent. Yan Yu said in Cang Shi Lang Dialect: "Or ask:' Why does Tang poetry win over our court?' The Tang Dynasty learned from poetry, so there was a lot of specialized knowledge, so my poetry was not as good as mine. Although it is not comprehensive, it is also one of the reasons that cannot be ignored. In the fourth year, Gaozu Wude took the senior high school entrance examination. In the first game, he took an examination of poetry and prose, and each poem required 12 sentences. Emperor Taizong opened the [Literature Pavilion] and the "Hong Wen Pavilion" to recruit writers. As the saying goes, "the top is better, and the bottom is more effective", "The courage of the king is lighter than that of the people." King Chu Ling has a thin waist, but there are many hungry people in the country. "The rulers of the Tang Dynasty even went to North Korea. More than 48,900 poems were recorded in The Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty compiled during the Kangxi period, among which Li Shimin's Ten Poems of Imperial Capital ranked first. Later, Emperor Gaozong, Zetian, Zhongzong, Zong Rui and master Li Longji of Xuanzong all attached great importance to this point. Moreover, there are not a few harem beauties and princesses who can speak poetry in the royal family, and their leading role cannot be ignored. Fifth, the emperors of the Tang Dynasty attached importance to poetry, paid more attention to poets, and rarely engaged in sensationalism. Emperor Taizong's tolerance of "looking for Wei Zhi's tomb" is rare in all previous dynasties. The epic and allegorical poems of the Tang Dynasty are straightforward and sharp. Compared with Su Dongpo, who was demoted in the previous generation, or the massacre in the Qing Dynasty, the poets in the Tang Dynasty were very lucky. Their king was neither particularly nervous nor overly suspicious, otherwise, with the writing at that time, nine times out of ten he would be beheaded. Sixth, culture is also one of the indispensable conditions for the prosperity of Tang poetry. Here, culture refers to the cultural background. First, from the secrets of the Tang dynasty to the secrets of life, everything can't be entered into poetry, which is a hundred times richer than the previous generation. Metrology is more mature and complete, realism and romanticism coexist, and ancient and modern poems are born. Rich cultural background has brought colorful performances to Tang poetry. Another point in the cultural background is that the poets in the Tang Dynasty were not limited to princes and princes. In addition to writers and emperors and princes, The Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty compiled in the Qing Dynasty also included "common people, peddlers, monks and nuns, child molesters, fishermen, godlike artists and even beggars". In addition, the Tang Dynasty was a very free and open society, which provided an opportunity for the unprecedented development and prosperity of Tang literature. In this cultural atmosphere, the vigorous development of Tang poetry is completely understandable and an inevitable trend. Seventh, the relatively poor historical accumulation laid a good foundation for the rule of Tang poetry. Before the Tang Dynasty, although there was the song of The Book of Songs, it was in the style of Chen Gongliang, but there was no peak to look up to. You can draw with a blank sheet of paper, do what you want, and naturally feel free to write freely. This makes future generations look like Mount Tai, hiding the sun. As far as the eyes are concerned, there is a sense of sadness. Mr. Lu Xun once said that "there was no poetry after the Tang Dynasty", which is what he meant. Eighth, "An Shi Rebellion" enriched the poet's creative material. The great changes in society inspired the poet and provided rich materials for his creation. Poets such as Du Fu, Yuan Jie and Gu Kuang made painful observation and sober reflection on the dark reality, and created a large number of excellent poems that exposed class contradictions and reflected the sufferings of people's livelihood. Ninth, cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries and the development of various arts have also had a far-reaching impact on the development of Tang poetry. The economic prosperity, strong national strength and well-developed land and water transportation of the Tang Empire greatly promoted the cultural exchanges of all ethnic groups at home and abroad, and injected new content and fresh vitality into the traditional Tang Wenhua. As a sister art of poetry, music, dance, painting and sculpture have also been impacted and influenced by other national cultures. From Du Fu's eagle painting, Gao Shi's horse painting, Bai Juyi's Hu Xuan's dance and Han Yu's clever listening to the piano, we can see that poets in the Tang Dynasty were very good at absorbing nutrients from other arts to nourish themselves, and they were brave enough to accept new things. Tenth, the law of literature development itself is the internal factor of the prosperity of Tang poetry. The development of any literary form in any era, on the one hand, is the inheritance of previous literature and art, on the other hand, it has its own reform and development, and so is Tang poetry. From the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, the development of poetry experienced a long historical development process. Five-character ancient poems and seven-character ancient poems have matured, and metrical poems and quatrains have basically crossed the experimental stage. They have accumulated rich experience in creative methods, stylistic features, artistic skills, the use of temperament, and the creation of language styles, which provide valuable wealth for the development of Tang poetry. Poets in the Tang Dynasty not only inherited and developed the realistic and romantic literary traditions from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Six Dynasties, but also developed artistic traditions in various forms and techniques. What is commendable is that the poets in the Tang Dynasty did not simply take literary and artistic heritage, but adopted a scientific attitude of criticism, inheritance and innovation. Poetry in the early Tang Dynasty is a continuation of the floating poetic style of Qi and Liang Dynasties, with the official style of "beauty and charm" dominating. In the early Tang Dynasty, the four outstanding poets used practice to lead poetry from the palace to the market, from Taige to Jiangshan and Saimo. Expand the field of poetry theme. Chen Ziang denounced the poetry circles as "colorful, but never flourished", and advocated "Han and Wei style" and "five simple and elegant rites", which swept away the legacy of Qi and Liang in theory and practice and opened the way for the healthy development of Tang poetry. Li Bai, a poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, thought that "beauty is not precious since Jian 'an". While studying Chu Ci, Yuefu created a unique romantic poetry style and completed the mission of poetry innovation. His spirit of pursuing ideals and demanding freedom, and his unrestrained, magnificent and elegant style have opened up a situation for the prosperity of Tang poetry. Du Fu clearly put forward: "It is elegant and not illusory, but beneficial to many teachers. "Criticism and inheritance pay attention to both ideological content and tonal form. Du Fu's poetry pushed realistic poetry to the peak with its profound content, gloomy and vigorous style and rigorous narrative. Wang Wei and Meng Haoran praised the tranquility and comfort of landscape and countryside, while Cen Can described the magnificence of frontier fortress scenery. Many schools have created a large number of works with different styles, which ushered in the complicated situation of Tang poetry.