Don Wang Changling
A young woman in the boudoir will never be sad; Spring came dressed up and boarded Chui Building alone.
Suddenly I saw the green willows, and I felt uncomfortable; Oh, I regret that I shouldn't have asked my husband to find Hou Feng.
Translation notes:
Young women in boudoir never have the worry of lovesickness and parting. On a bright spring day, she dressed herself up and climbed a tall building. Suddenly, when I saw the spring scenery of willows on the roadside, I felt blue. She regretted that she shouldn't have let her husband join the army.
The more you ponder this poem, the more interesting it becomes. Let's start with the title of this poem "Complaint". What has always been in my heart? It was the little girl who stayed in the attic, and her mother-in-law who stayed at home was complaining. This sad poem is a traditional theme in China's ancient poems, which is mainly about the thinking of ancient women in China. This thoughtful woman includes recruiting women, that is, soldiers fighting outside, their wives, women in business, wandering women, and of course, some abandoned women. For example, "self-protection" in the Book of Songs, there is an inner injustice that an abandoned wife loves him. Others express girls' longing for love and their yearning for lovers, and so on. In short, these are the categories. Write about their grievances in the boudoir.
In fact, this kind of poem really goes without saying. Most of them were not written by women themselves, and quite a few were written by men imitating women's tone. If a woman writes so many poems complaining about heaven and earth, when Li Qingzhao was in the Southern Song Dynasty, many local doctors attacked her, saying that she was not feminine and wrote such poems complaining about heaven and earth, country and people every day. Therefore, many poems are actually written by men imitating their tone, also called first-person narrators, under the guise of female identity and psychological tone. For example, Li Bai, I didn't expect it. He is very good at writing such poems. He has a poem called "Resentment": "How beautiful she is, opening the pearl window and sitting in the depths of Emei. I saw that her cheeks were wet with tears. I wonder if she hates herself. " Just watch this daughter cry, I don't know who she hates in her heart. This is definitely not Li Bai's writing about himself, but about a woman's psychology.
Therefore, the song "Forever in My Heart" that we are talking about today is obviously that this young woman is at home and misses the literati who joined the army in the distance. The first sentence of the poem says that "young women in the boudoir are not worried", which is actually equivalent to not saying it. Why? What about the young woman in the eyes? Never know what sadness is. What does that mean? She doesn't know that sadness means that her mental state is good and her family life is good, right? It has nothing to do with us, so we can't see anything about this poem. It has no comparability and no frame of reference.
So you have to look at the second sentence, "Set makeup in the green house in spring". What is fixed makeup? Dress up, dress up very beautifully. Where is Cuilou? Cuilou may be a high-rise building in their home, beautifully built, that kind of luxurious attic, or it may be that she boarded an attic on a trip to other places, which can be understood like this. Put these two poems together, that is to say, the young woman in this poem has a good, comfortable and comfortable life. Seeing that spring came and all kinds of flowers were in bloom, she dressed herself up very beautifully, as if to compete with these flowers for their beauty and fragrance.
She went up to the green building and looked at the spring scenery in front of her. People say that these two poems still sound useless. The young woman in the boudoir doesn't know what sorrow is, and her life is very good. Spring has arrived. Dress up and go upstairs to see spring. There are flowers under the building. If it's just these two sentences, I think it's boring to write this poem further.
But it can't be the level of Wang Changling. Wang Changling's level is reflected in three or four sentences! He said: "I suddenly saw the willow color on the head of a stranger and regretted teaching my husband to find a seal." "What is a stranger? It means roadside. We often say that the vertical structure is thousands of miles, that is, the vertical and horizontal avenue. So this stranger refers to the roadside. Suddenly, she made a hole and saw the willows on the roadside. What happened to the willow tree? Spring has come and willows have sprouted. They are so dry and lonely in winter. Black willow branches and wicker branches are different now. The green shoots on the willow branches began to blossom. Seeing the willow branches turn green, I suddenly feel very sorry when I see this spring scenery.
What do you regret? Regret letting her husband go to the wind queen. Pursuing the title of king, marquis and knight, where are you going to fight for the position of this prince? It must be called in advance. In the Tang Dynasty, especially in the Wang Changling era, the national strength and army were stronger than those in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Our border guards fought abroad and won many times. Of course, I can't elaborate on this. There are many wars in the border guards, and now we think some of them are unnecessary.
However, in any case, the frontier troops in the prosperous Tang Dynasty were relatively strong, so many scholars were willing to make expeditions to the frontier fortress from the army, hoping to make contributions there and win a royal title in the future. Yang Jiong, a famous poet in the early Tang Dynasty, said, "A centurion is not as good as a scholar." Cen Can, a poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, also said that "fame only comes from Ma Su, and it is really a hero who comes from a husband", which was the ideal of many people at that time. If you want a prince, you have to go to frontier fortress to make military achievements.
Everybody say. Then you are quite right. Why did she regret it again? Of course she regrets it! There are several floors here. When people in the Tang Dynasty bid farewell to relatives and friends, there is a saying called "Baling", which is at the east gate of Chang 'an. In fact, it's not just a farewell to Baling. You can see him off in many places. When you bid him farewell, Tang people like to break a willow branch from this willow tree and give it to relatives and friends. What do you mean? Because the word "Liu" and "Liu Zhi" of willow and willow branches are homophonic, people express their love for each other in this way and in this symbolic way, eager for each other not to leave and stay.
When the young woman saw the willow color, she must have remembered sending her husband to the battlefield. Do you still remember Du Fu's poems? "Ben, Ma Xiaoxiao, each of you with a bow and quiver. Father, mother, son, wife, staring at you, dust will never turn into sunshine. " This is not a good scene, is it? My husband is going to the front to fight. He cut down a willow tree, and he had to go if he didn't go!
Therefore, when I saw the color of willow trees on the roadside, I suddenly felt a sadness of missing my relatives and husband, and I remembered the situation when I broke the willow trees. Everyone says that's wrong, too. My husband went to the frontier defense and wanted to make military achievements. Just wait at home. What do you regret when I miss you? It's too late for you to regret it, just wait for him to come back from the war and return home in triumph! Prince Feng, aren't you the prince's wife? Aren't you the husband who will be respected? What do you regret? Hang in there, wait for him for a year or so, maybe he will come back.
If he was so optimistic, he wouldn't have to write this poem. On the one hand, the husband himself must have jumped into the army and wanted to make contributions. On the other hand, when her husband insisted on leaving, this young woman inevitably played an encouraging and fueling role. You go, I'll take care of the children at home and honor the elderly. Go ahead, I'll wait for you to return home in triumph. You go at once, break a willow tree and put it in his hand. Let's go now. Then why did she encourage him to leave? After he left, she still asked him to come back early and make contributions early.
Our family must take advantage of your glory. Then why did she regret it? That's because she thinks spring is so beautiful, so beautiful. At this moment, she should hold her husband's hand as usual and wander in this spring. The willows on both sides of the road have just been pulled out, which is so beautiful. Happiness in life, what is true happiness. Perhaps this young woman realized at this time that perhaps being with Wen Fu every day is very much in love, which is called happiness. Now I have lost all these wonderful happy times and stayed alone in junior high school. One year, two years, three years, four years, this is true.
Traffic jams add up to more than ten years before and after. There are many poets and many such scholars. They have been to the frontier for twenty years, so the happy time and youth of these twenty years have passed. Think about regret, or enjoy the present life. As long as your husband is here, you will be happy. It doesn't matter whether it's a prince or not. Everyone said that if only she really thought so. But the problem is that she still smells incense on the second floor.
This means that her husband can come back. What if her husband can't come back? You just want him back, with the crown of a prince on his head. What if he doesn't come back? As said in the Tang poetry. "You don't laugh when you are drunk in the sand. In ancient times, several people returned." Don't think I drank it. I'm telling you, I haven't been drunk a few times. It's hard to say whether you can come back alive this time and get drunk again! Of course, war can make you make contributions and make you rank high, but war is cruel and heartless.
Where there is war, there is death. Chen Tao, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, specifically talked about this phenomenon in his poem Westbound Longxi, which said: "I swear to sweep the Huns regardless of my body, and 5,000 minks mourn for Chen Hu. Pity the white bones by the river, I am still a dream girl. " This poem is too painful!
The first two sentences are about fighting, how brave, how elite and how tragic the situation is, but these are not the worst. What's the worst thing? The desperate soldier sacrificed his life. He not only died, but also became a pile of bones in the Wuding River. But his wife doesn't know yet. On a spring night, she still made a sign in her national pavilion. In the dream, she dreamed that she saw her husband again and he was smiling at her. In other words, this man has turned into a pile of bones. But his wife is still imagining the early reunion when he comes back.
Yes, thanks to Wang Changling, this poem was written in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Chen Tao's poems were written in the late Tang Dynasty. If this poem by Chen Tao was written in the early Tang Dynasty, perhaps Wang Chang, the hero of this poem, and the young woman in junior high school have also read this poem. It's time to read. This poem excites her even more. Right? Every night, I dream that this lover of their family has turned into a bone by the Wuding River. Then think about it, can she not regret it? Isn't it? How he wished it was a living person, not a pile of bones.
So you see, is Wang Chang's poem well written? Two sentences seem straightforward, and three or four sentences suddenly rise like a mountain peak, which makes us feel great emotional changes and psychological turning points here. This is a feature of complaining poetry. It often expresses the very complicated feelings of young women and girls in Guoting, who are particularly eager to be with their lover every minute of every day. On the other hand, I long for this lover around me. My great writer can succeed, make a career and make great contributions to the world.
But this is the contradiction. You want to make family life happy, but if you want him to pursue this kind of success, you have to work hard on the road to success, even at the expense of family happiness and happiness! In fact, it is very common to meet such young women in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Every aboriginal who goes to a distant frontier to wait may have such a young woman full of national resentment at home.
As I said just now, there are several kinds of ancient poems about national grievances in China. Our first complaint was actually about recruiting women, because her husband went out to join the army. Or Li Bai. Have you noticed that Li Bai can write any poem, and he writes it very well. He wrote "Midnight Wu Ge": "A bright moon hangs over the capital, and geese sing. The autumn wind blew Yi Dao's voice, and every household remembered the people guarding the border. When will the border war be settled and when will my husband end his expedition? " When can you come back? You wait. He won't come back until he kills the conference semifinals. This is a woman's recruitment. There is also a businesswoman, "She finally married herself to a businessman", and "Jiangnan Qu" written by Li Yi, a poet in the middle Tang Dynasty: "Since I married a businessman in Qutang, he has broken his promise day by day. If I thought the tide was so regular, I might choose a river boy. " Have to. This one complains more. He said that he married a businessman and never came back every day, making me stay indoors every night. It is assumed that the ebb and flow of the tides in qiantang bore are regular. I know this is normal. When I married this wave, I watched him all the time and knew when he would come back.
There is also a wandering wife, like nineteen famous ancient poems. Go, go, go, go, go, that's what I mean. "Separate from you. Since then, you and I have traveled thousands of miles, I am in heaven, and you are in heaven. It's a long way to Xiu Yuan, and it will be safe. North Malaysia is still attached to the north wind, south birds fly north, and nest in the south branch. The longer they are apart, the wider they become and the thinner they become. It's cloudy in the daytime, and the wanderer ignores it. " Then this expresses a yearning for the wanderer.
There is also a kind of poem called palace resentment, which is a very special type of poem in my heart forever, especially describing the grievances of those ladies and concubines who fell out of favor in the ancient imperial palace. This is rarely written by their own ladies-in-waiting, but mostly by literati imitating their tone. For example, these famous poems, "Palace" written by Yuan Zhen, a poet in the middle Tang Dynasty, said: "In the faded old palace, the peony was red, but no one came to see it. The maid-in-waiting has long white hair. Sit down and say Xuanzong. " My throat is extremely cold. You think this maid-in-waiting is locked in a deep palace, guarding lonely palace flowers and becoming an old lady. Sitting there chatting, chatting and chatting, talking about the things of Tang Xuanzong in those days, how old do you think the old lady is? I guess she is seventy or eighty years old.
At the time of Kaiyuan Tianbao, the maid-in-waiting may be thirteen or fourteen or even fifteen or sixteen when she enters. Now that she is ten years old, she can't debate the grand occasion of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. "Autumn タ" written by Du Mu: "Qiu Guang painted a cold screen with a silver candle, and a small fan fluttered to the firefly. Day and night are as cool as water. Sit and watch the morning glory and Vega. " This maid-in-waiting, why is she sitting on the ground watching the morning glory and the weaver girl? She longs for love, but you said that you stayed in the harem, "There are other ladies in his court, three thousand rare beauties." Three thousand pets are not on you, so it all falls on you. When will that wait, when will you become a white-headed maid of honor?
You are arguing about the grand occasion of Xuanzong again. Wang Changling also wrote the poem Long Xin Qiu Shi, in which he said, "The broom opens the Golden Palace, and the round fan lingers temporarily." . Jade is not as beautiful as western Western jackdaw, but it still shines in the sun. "That's what it means. So these poems include Wang Changling's "National Complaints" which we just talked about, and it has some similarities. Linguistically, it has a strong folk song style.
So as soon as we read this kind of poem, everyone can understand what it is written, and its language is relatively simple. First, it is full of sentimental color, very delicate psychological description, especially the instantaneous psychological change, which is a very distinctive artistic feature of this kind of poetry.
This poem is really well written. Wang Changling deserves to be the master of the Seven Wonders and the poet's son of heaven. I found that Wang Changling's writing was not bad. Frontier fortress was well written, and National Mourning was also well written. A gentleman writes well, and a young woman writes equally well. Where's the master poet?