Outline of Chinese knowledge in the first volume of the seventh grade
First unit
Chinese knowledge: (1) General literature knowledge (source, author): Spring by Zhu Ziqing, Winter in Jinan by Lao She, Four Seasons Rain by Liu Zhanqiu, four ancient poems (Looking at the Sea by Cao Cao, Left of Wang Changling's Moving to Longbiao Kiln by Li Bai, and Down of Beibao Mountain by Wang Wan).
⑵ Rhetorical methods: metaphor and analogy.
Part of speech: noun
⑷ Expression techniques: association and imagination.
5] The structure and function of the beginning of the article [the opening point is quoted below], the appreciation and understanding of key words and wonderful sentences, and the transformation of people (Four Seasons Rain)
[6] Methods of reading aloud: rereading and pausing.
Key words: bright spring, rushing, rushing, blowing, shivering, willow wind brewing, yellow and dizzy. The plan for one year is that the spring flowers are in full bloom, humming and showing off their throats, in harmony with the bright and silent kites. Call friends (underlined words are marked in the textbook) [words such as "stress and pause" marked under the book come from after-school questions]
In winter in Jinan, the sun is shining, embedded in it, the charity skin is delicate and spacious, and the carpet is clear and ethereal.
In the rainy season, the bud is quiet and high, and the visit is stingy and aggressive. The cicada is charming, the prism is rough, the eyelashes are dignified, the eaves are bleak, the makeup is about to drip, and the hay is green.
Four ancient poems, facing rocks, mountains, clouds, stars and even stars, are lucky. Huayang Zigui returned to Yelang Road, Xi, Wu Biao, until the river bank widened at low tide ... Night now gives way to the ocean of the sun, the old year melts in fresh water, the geese return to Luoyang, and the weak crows are heartbroken.
(Focus on understanding the meaning and mastering the font)
Items that need to be recited: spring; Looking at the sea, I heard that Wang Changling moved to Longbiao kiln on the left with this letter, a berth at the foot of Beibao Mountain and Qiu Si in the courtyard (the last four ancient poems are required by the curriculum standard).
Writing: (1) Concept is a way to communicate, exchange and share information with people in life; It is an important way of expression and communication, and it is also the basic ability for everyone to survive and develop.
⑵ Method guidance: Start with the things around you, write what you are familiar with, and write your feelings and thoughts that you want to express most; Be good at observing and accumulating, and be a conscientious person in life; Develop the habit of careful observation and diligent thinking; Interesting, meaningful and impressive.
⑶ The function of writing: It can train people's thinking.
(4) Writing requirements: substantial content and clear pronunciation and mellow voice.
Second unit
Chinese knowledge: (1) common sense of literature (source, author) Qiu Si by Shi Tiesheng, Zou by Mo Huaiqi, two prose poems (Golden Flower by Tagore and Mother Lotus by Bing Xin) and two stories about the world by Liu Yiqing (singing snow, Chen Taiqiu and friendship); Some necessary stylistic knowledge of prose poems and note novels (or novels of Japanese chroniclers);
(2) Meaning and context
(3) honorific and modest words commonly used in ancient times.
The taste of language, the understanding of key sentences, the description of scenery and its function, the function of symmetrical sentences,
Key words:
The memory of autumn is haggard, paralyzed, furious, silent, beating, begging for farewell, elegant, noble and brilliant, ecstatic.
Walking makes people believe that the difference depends on a moment.
Two prose poems: hiding laughing flowers, holding flowers, bathing pedicels, praying for sister pavilions, wandering and shielding feelings, flowing and shielding.
The second part of Shi Shuo Xin Yu is a collection of children's literature. What is the difference? I'll visit you at your home because I can't leave on a windy day (understanding and usage of notional words and function words)
Writing: (1) Ways and means to cultivate recording ability: repeated learning and training; The habit of keeping a diary or a weekly diary.
(2) Note-taking requirements: write clearly; Cause, process and result; Clear up the ins and outs and write in an orderly way;
(3) The purpose of taking notes is to convey feelings and share experiences;
(4) How to take notes: Write down what you have experienced and experienced realistically, and speak your mind.
5] Imitate text writing.
Comprehensive learning: (1) How to make friends?
(2) self-introduction method
(3) Evaluation of comprehensive learning
Third unit
Chinese knowledge: (1) common sense of literature (source, author) Lu Xun's "From a Hundred Herbs Garden to a Three-Pond Moon", Helen Keller's "The Man who Remolded Life", Lin's "Stealing Reading" and "Twelve Chapters of The Analects of Confucius"; Some necessary stylistic knowledge of prose poems and note novels (or novels of Japanese chroniclers);
Part of speech: verb
⑶ Emotional color of words
(4) The methods and requirements of silent reading, and the role of the transition section.
The meaning and usage of idioms in the Analects of Confucius.
Key words: From Baicaoyuan to San Tan Yin Yue, it is obvious that Long song is slightly swollen (bloated), which is beyond the reach of the people and cannot be dispelled. The scholars are buzzing, and the military are squatting in the clouds. If they appreciate seniority, they are kind and respectful, simple and knowledgeable.
People who reinvent life do not seek solutions, but are confused. The flowers are beautiful, the feelings are full of twists and turns, the arguments are ashamed, the regrets are aroused, and the mysteries are pieced together. I hope it will be completely different. I was tired and suddenly realized.
Sneaky, sweaty, embarrassed, full of seriousness, greed, hunger, old tricks, greed, laziness, stumbling, bleak, embarrassing, overlooking embarrassment, forgiving futile spring inferiority, selling curses, forgetting to eat and sleep.
Chapter 12 of The Analects of Confucius is not easy to learn. It is said that the gentleman was loyal to the people ten times in three provinces of Japan. He who listens to his wishes transcends the moment, learns new things by reviewing the past, but returns to poverty. The drinker is like a cloud, and the deceased is like a husband. Instead of grasping people's loyalty day and night and asking questions, he is close to thinking about benevolence (the understanding and usage of notional words and function words)
Writing: how to write a good person: first, observe carefully and grasp the characteristics of the characters; To describe it in detail, we should grasp the uniqueness of characters different from others; Put people in the event to write (communicate with people, personalize language, actions and psychological activities);
Introduction to the famous works: "Picking Flowers in the Morning: Bridging the Gap with Classics", understand the contents and special articles of "Picking Flowers in the Morning", and read the functions and significance of classics.
Extracurricular recitation of ancient poems: the basic meaning, literary knowledge, recitation and dictation of Li Bai's Moon Pavilion on Mount Emei, Du Fu's Meeting Li Guinian Downstream, Cen Can's Hometown of Chang 'an, Jiu Si in March, and Li Yi's Listening to the Flute on the Shouxiang Wall at Night.
Fourth unit
Knowledge of China: (1) Shepherd Planting Trees by Jean Giorno, Step by Step by morton hunt, Command Book by Zhuge Liang, general literature knowledge (source, author); Some necessary stylistic knowledge of prose poems and note novels (or novels of Japanese chroniclers);
Synonyms and antonyms
Part of speech: adjective
(4) Circular sketch
5. The writing method that the article echoes from beginning to end.
Keywords: to commemorate Bethune's death, he is narrow-minded and fanatical, ignoring the importance and insensitive. A group of people who look at things and look down on them hope to send them to extreme desolation, simply admiring the brilliant way out and ignoring Excellence.
The shepherd who planted trees withered and collapsed on the barren land, pacing around the building, poking and poking, and the generous tent ruins roared and burned, wondering about the meager reward. The river is bare, ask it and keep silent.
Step by step, step by step, laughter, trance, sniffles, squats, heat, boredom, attachment, sudden throbbing, ridicule, dizziness, crying, moaning, hazy comfort, disorder, unevenness, panic, surprise and fear.
The admonisher is quiet and indifferent, far-reaching and broad-minded, X-focused, dangerous and impetuous, and the years keep pace with the times. What will happen to the poor and lonely (understanding and usage of notional words and function words)
Writing: (1) Interpretation and requirements of ideas.
⑵ Clear your mind when reading.
(3) the composition should be clear. Methods: Overall conception; Determine the writing order; Outline (Zhu Guangqian's writing experience)
Comprehensive learning: (1) the relationship between in-class learning and extracurricular reading; ⑵ The role of extracurricular reading.
Fifth unit
Chinese knowledge: Zheng Zhenduo's Cat, Liang Shiqiu's Bird, Konrad Lorenz's Animal Joke, Pu Songling's Wolf's literary knowledge (source, author); Some necessary stylistic knowledge of prose poems and note novels (or novels of Japanese chroniclers);
Parts of speech: numerals, quantifiers and pronouns.
(3) The center of reading and thinking, sketching, refining and summarizing.
Keywords: the greasy and unsmiling young couple urged the early warning to curl up and let the jack-o'-lantern lean on waste
Melancholy, laziness, tranquility, beggars exhorting punishment, sadness, sadness, trial, injustice and abuse, hibiscus birds abscond for fear of sin.
Birds' feathers fly up and down, and their beaks are colorful and plump.
Suddenly, kite and eagle's worries shrank, and they felt very sorry. Zhang Ji was in rags, smoking all over, and the windows were full of cockroaches. The fence is round, the sun is rising, the cuckoo is sour, the sky is handsome, and his mind is bloated. He stands very high and suddenly shivers and is furry.
Animals laugh absurdly and are very different from each other. Abundant demand, stumbling, shy breastfeeding. The story of the crawling parrot is tame and restrained, gliding into the lemon.
The wolf killed people everywhere and threw the bone from the confluence of the two wolves. The care and salary of the enemy embarrassed him. He was covered in mounds and looked at each other. When he was young, he went to the dog and sat in the cave, where he had a long period of leisure. He got into the cave to sleep, and instantly covered up the deceptive geometry of the beast, which made him laugh. (Understanding and usage of notional words and function words)
Writing: How to Highlight the Center (1) What is the center? It is the basic viewpoint, attitude, emotion and intention conveyed by the author in the article, and it is the main purpose of the author.
The center is very important: with the center, writing articles has the backbone; If there is no center or the center is not clear, the article will be like a loose sand, which makes people confused.
(3) Basic requirements of composition: writing around the center;
(4) How to highlight the center: set a clue that runs through the whole text, pay attention to the priority and detail of the content, get to the point and point out the main idea; You can use Zhang Xianzhi; Call first and then respond, paving the way for rendering and suppressing contrast.
Sixth unit
China knowledge:
(1) The Emperor's New Clothes by Andersen, two poems (Market in the Sky by Guo Moruo and Sun Boat by Wu), Nu Wa Made Man by Yuan Ke, four fables (Aesop's fable Hermes and the Sculptor, Mosquito and the Lion, and Lu Chunqiu's "Being Alone"
② the origin of myth
(3) the characteristics of fables
(4) Fast reading method
Key words:
The emperor's new clothes, imperial envoys, stupid jazz, hired him to show off his ability and stupidity, with appropriate cash and rationality.
Report the funny delineation of your cunning majesty's title and medal. The robe is hopeless and shocking. Please echo it.
Two poems are ethereal, burning, splashing and shining in the golden harbor.
Nu Wa created man, and the audience sitting there was at a loss. He is desolate, lonely, vigorous and clear, mixed with extraordinary spirit and sensitive quagmire, and his magical power is vast.
The four supplements to the fable (from Hermes and the sculptor) are helpful to the people of China.
If you get someone, you will die. If we stop, it will only make the accumulation of slanderers stumble (starting from "one person crossing the well" and "worrying about the sky" respectively, pay attention to the meaning and usage of notional words and function words)
Statue sanctuary, love vanity, competition, victory and trouble.
Writing: Give full play to association and imagination: (1) What is association and imagination? Association and imagination are unique thinking activities of human beings. Association is to think of another thing related to it from one thing, while imagination is to create a new image in your mind that you have never seen before.
⑵ Difference and connection between association and imagination: There are differences in concept, but they are often intertwined in practical writing.
⑶ Make good use of the function of association and imagination: You can think for thousands of years and understand Wan Li, which is helpful to open your mind, inspire your inspiration and write articles with rich contents and vivid images.
(4) What should be paid attention to when using association and imagination: First, association should be natural and appropriate; Second, imagination should be reasonable; Third, association and imagination should be innovative.
How to stimulate your imagination: observe carefully, think diligently, explore actively, and always keep a strong curiosity about the world.
Comprehensive learning: (1) What is literature? Literature is the art of language, which cultivates temperament, nourishes the soul and grows with us in a unique aesthetic form.
⑵ The function of dialogue with excellent literary works: enrich life experience, improve aesthetic taste, and make yourself pure, noble and profound.
⑶ Requirements for formal occasions: ① Be fully prepared, confident and overcome timidity; 2 loud voice, clear pronunciation, try to speak Mandarin; (3) Pay attention to the language specification.
Introduction to Famous Books: Journey to the West: Intensive Reading and Skipping Reading (1) What kind of book is The Journey to the West? (Introduction)
(2) What are intensive reading and skip reading? Intensive reading refers to delicate feelings, thorough understanding and extensive association; Skipping is to voluntarily give up and deliberately ignore in order to achieve higher efficiency. In the same reading process, these two methods can be used alternately.
(3) Intensive reading means intensive reading, careful thinking and appreciation.
(4) What content should be skipped: content that has nothing to do with the purpose of reading or that you are not interested in, or you can skip some less exciting chapters.
The purpose of intensive reading and skip reading is to grasp the important content and wonderful fragments of a work, interpret and appreciate them, and ignore those irrelevant or not wonderful contents, thus improving reading efficiency. ⑹
Extracurricular recitation of ancient poems: Liu Yuxi's Autumn Poems (I), Li Shangyin's Notes for a friend in the North on a rainy night, Lu You's Famous Articles on November 4th (II), Tan Sitong's Tongguan, basic meaning, literary knowledge, recitation and dictation (Notes for a friend in the North on a rainy night are compulsory items in the curriculum standard).
How to learn Chinese well
First, read more books. Chinese learning can be regarded as a kind of language and culture learning. Reading is an effective way to learn a language. The more you read, the more you know, the higher your reading level and the better your understanding. However, the choice of reading materials should be combined with the actual situation of students, such as age, ability, vocabulary and reading level. And it is best to choose your favorite books, so that you can devote yourself wholeheartedly and be more efficient. Just like watching TV, what you like can shield the outside world, and what you don't like doesn't know what you are talking about after watching it.
Second, recite famous sentences and articles. Reciting is a process of accumulating and laying a foundation. Memorize more good words, you will have something in your stomach, and learners will have a good Chinese foundation. It's easy to understand when you meet it later, and it can be used in communicative writing.
Third, write hard and practice hard to form good writing habits. No matter what style, content or number of words you write, as long as you keep writing every day, you will improve. Writing is a process of creation and application, and thinking will be broadened in writing. Writing needs imagination, and there will be creation in the process of imagination, and at the same time, thinking will be sublimated. And when writing, I also use what I have. Especially those famous sentences and articles memorized in your mind, the purpose of reciting them is to be able to use them freely.
Chinese learning methods
First of all, sort out the summary. This is the first job of reviewing basic knowledge. Put the words, idioms, proverbs and articles to be memorized together, so that the knowledge can be gathered, which is not only clear at a glance, but also easy to carry and remember.
Second, plan rationally and step by step. One of the characteristics of the basic knowledge of Chinese is that it is relatively large, and a lot of content needs to be memorized. For this kind of learning content, the most effective review method is step by step. Gymnastics is to distribute this knowledge, make a reasonable plan and make a detailed plan every day according to your specific review situation, and break it into parts.
Third, find out the key and difficult points and treat them differently. In the process of reviewing, we should find out the key points and difficulties according to our own situation, that is, the knowledge that we have not remembered or clearly remembered, and even have deviations and misunderstandings. In review, you can know yourself first, and then compare the meaning of words or idioms to see if your understanding is accurate. Those words that are correctly understood can be passed, and those that have problems in understanding need to be memorized.
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