Poetic rhyme refers to the seamless combination of image and meaning, and the fusion of image and emotion in poetry, which makes people feel relaxed and happy. Poetry refers to the "reason" expressed through poetic language, or the abstinence shown by candles, or the incisiveness of the police, which makes people understand. For example, there are Li Bai's Looking at Lushan Waterfall in Tang poetry and Su Shi's On the Wall of Xilin Temple in Song poetry, all of which are representatives of a generation of poetic styles. Li Shiyun: "The incense burner in Rizhao gives birth to purple smoke, and the waterfall hangs in a thousand rivers from afar. Flying down three thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Yinjiang River has fallen for nine days. " . Li Bai's deep affection for the mountains and rivers of the motherland and his "unchanging habit in my life" were completely melted in the misty purple sky, the fall of the Milky Way and the nine-day flight. There is not a word of affection in the poem, but it makes people feel affectionate. Sue said to him, "From this side of the ridge, there are different heights. I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but toward which corner of the mountain. " The first two sentences are about scenery, and the last two sentences are purely discussion. Because of the last two sentences, we can fully appreciate the shape of Lushan Mountain. It can be said that I saw it in the virtual. Compared with previous poems, the meaning of this poem is much more obvious. Su Dongpo's poems are more than that, and we can also understand the philosophy of "the authorities are fascinated". This is the characteristic of Song poetry! ! Win by reason.
Second, the Tang poetry is implicit and the Song poetry is deeply broken.
For example, one of Li Bai's Dongting Lake: "Dongting Lake looks at the Chu River in the west and there is no cloud in the south." At sunset, Changsha is far away in autumn, and I don't know where to hang the Xiang army. "This poem is written by looking at Dongting Lake in the west. This is effortless and convenient. It seems that there are neither poetic eyes to find nor sentences to pick up, but when I read it, I feel that it is really a natural language.
Another example is Huang Tingjian's "Picture Clip of the Title Founder": "Hui Chong's misty rain returns to the wild goose and sits in my Xiaoxiang Dongting. Trying to call the boat back to the clouds. The old saying is called Dan Qing. " The first three sentences are about the scenery in the lake, moving scenery. When the poet can't help but want to buy a boat to travel, others will understand that this is not a real scene, but a painting. The first three sentences are a foil, a gesture, and the purpose is to force the most sentences. It can be seen that this poem is really ingenious and profound.
Let's look at the style differences of the same theme: the same criticism of forgetting the shame of national subjugation. Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty wrote in Sleeping at Qinhuai at Night: "The smoke cage is full of sand in the cold moon, and Qinhuai is close to the restaurant at night. Strong women in business do not know how to hate the country, and they are still singing flowers in the backyard across the river. " The scene contains a touch of sadness, but it is sad but not sad. Love is in the scenery, and there is no lack of leisure. Criticism is contained in the statement of "Singing of the Businesswoman". The meaning of lamentation is all in the sentence. Lin Sheng, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said "Castle Peak Outside the Mountain" in Lin 'an Mansion.
When will the singing and dancing in the West Lake stop outside the building? The warm wind will make tourists drunk, and Hangzhou will be like Bianzhou. "
Similarly, the scene was filled with emotion, but the passion was obvious: the words "when to stop" and "straight handle" expressed the author's indignation at people forgetting national humiliation. Moreover, the meaning is profound, from the description of the world of flowers to the alarm of the fall of the old capital, which is amazing.
In the same way, Tang and Song poems are very different. For example, Wang Wei's "Appreciating Zhang Shaofu": "As time goes by, it gives me peace and is free from everything. I think that there is no brilliant strategy to serve the country, only to retire to the mountains and forests. Wide wind, the wind in the shade, the moon shining on the right to play the piano. You ask me good or bad luck? Listen, there is a fisherman singing on the lake! This is a portrayal of Wang Wei's official and reclusive life in his later years. In the poem, the poet only narrates the scenery, "The breeze blows me, and I am beautiful." From the point of view of Nanzong Zen, the self is pure, and if this heart is quiet, why is it poor? This was expounded by Wang Wei. But he only narrates the scenery, the wind and the moon are dry, and he can untie his belt and play the piano, all of which can be used for enlightenment. In the end, he didn't answer, which was intriguing. The combination of reason and scenery, meaning and words is the characteristic of Tang poetry.
Look at Huang Tingjian, the representative of Jiangxi Poetry School, one of the two songs "Two Rhymes Answer Bin's Old Sick Amusement Park";
"Everything is the same machine, worry is zen disease. There are new poems in boredom, but rabbits forget them. Lotus swims in the mud, showing anger and joy. The stalls are close to the fragrance, and the heart is quiet with the dusk. " The main idea of this poem is: nothing is impossible, never leaving the body, and self-purity Why worry? Bing saw this all the time. He used new poems to amuse himself, but finally forgot his words. Knowing happiness and anger is the same, just like lotus flowers and swimming mud in the same pool, they can have a clear heart and a delicate fragrance with evening colors. The meanings of the above two poems are basically the same, but the writing of Huang's poems is far tortuous and the reasoning is more thorough. However, there is a little inferiority in the words.
Third, the Tang poetry is graceful and full, and the Song poetry is thin and energetic.
Tang Shiru's "Send the Judge to Wu": "The north wind rolls the grass, and eight In the snow crosses the Tatar sky. Suddenly, like a night wind blowing, like a pear tree in blossom. Snowflakes fell into the curtains and wet them. The fur was not warm and the gold cup was too thin. The bow becomes stiff, it is almost impossible to pull it out, and it is difficult to protect your iron clothes. Han dry hundred zhangs ice, horrible Wan Li coagulation. ? "This is a wonderful and spectacular poem, with a farewell content. Cen Can has deep affection for his motherland, and he can describe everything he witnessed with superb performance skills. Although his poems are full of descriptions, they are leisurely and magnificent.