What schools of poets are there?
Landscape pastoral school: Tao Yuanming, Four Masters in Early Tang Dynasty, Meng Haoran, Wang Wei, etc.
Frontier Poetry School: Cen Can, Gao Shi, Li Qi, Wang Changling, etc.
Romantic School: Qu Yuan, Li Bai, Li He, etc.
Realistic poets: Du Fu, Zhang Ji, Du Xunhe, Yuan Zhen, Lu You, etc.
Jiangxi Poetry School: Huang Tingjian, Chen, etc.
Han Meng School of Poetry: represented by poets Han Yu and Meng Jiao in the middle Tang Dynasty.
Huajian Poetry School: Wen, Wei Zhuang, Mao Wenxi, Niu Xiji, Ouyang Jiong, Gu Qiong, Lu, Yan Xuan, Yin E, Ning He, Sun Guangxian, etc.
Song ci:
School of Ci Poetry in Southern Tang Dynasty: Li Jing, the middle Sect; Li Yu, the later Sect (early period); Feng Yansi, the predecessor, etc.
Bold school: Su Shi, Xin Qiji, Chen Liang, Liu Guo, and later Liu Kezhuang, Liu Chenweng and others.
Metric school: represented by Jiang Kui.
Graceful and restrained schools: Li Qingzhao, Liu Yong, Yan Shu, Ouyang Xiu, Qin Guan, etc.
Yangxian school: one of the schools of Ci in Qing Dynasty, with Su Xin as the Sect, bold words and rough forms. But the writing is superficial. The pioneer was Chen Weisong.
A brief introduction to the more famous factions
1, unruly
Bold school is one of the Ci schools formed in China Song Dynasty. For example, Wang Anshi, Su Shi and Su Zhe all used the word "uninhibited" to comment on poetry. Su Shi was the first to discuss ci with "boldness".
On the whole, the characteristics of bold and unconstrained ci are that the creative vision is broad and magnificent, and the words are written in poetic ways and syntax, with a large vocabulary and many things that are not in line with the rhythm. However, sometimes it is dull and even involves crazy shouting.
According to Yu Wenbao's "Record of Continued Blowing Sword" in the Southern Song Dynasty: "Dongpo is in Yutang, and there are good songs, because he asked,' What is my word like Liu Qi?' Yes, Liu Langzhong said,' Liu Langzhong's words are only 178 girls, holding red fangs and singing the waning moon.
Bachelor degree, must be a Kansai man, holding a bronze pipa and singing the river of no return. The public is completely disappointed. "This story shows the contrast between two different styles of words. People in the Southern Song Dynasty have clearly regarded Su Shi and Xin Qiji as the representatives of the uninhibited school, and they have been inherited to this day.
2. Elegant schools
It is a genre of China's Song Ci. Graceful, that is, tactfully implicit. Its main characteristics are that the content focuses on children's amorous feelings, the structure is profound and meticulous, the melody is euphemistic and harmonious, the language is round and beautiful, and there is a kind of femininity.
The representatives of graceful and restrained school are Liu Yong, Zhang Xian, Yan Shu, Yan, Ouyang Xiu, Qin Guan, He Zhu, Zhou Bangyan and Li Qingzhao (generally including Wen and Li Yu in the late Tang and Five Dynasties).
3. Huajian School
China Five Pronouns School in Late Tang Dynasty. After the Five Dynasties, Zhao Chongzuo of Shu selected 500 works with the pronoun 18 at the end of the Tang Dynasty, and compiled Hua Jian Ji (10 volume), excluding Wen, Huang Fusong, Ning He and Sun Guangxian.
The rest are Wei Zhuang, Xue, Niu Qiao, Zhang Bi, Mao Wenxi, Niu Xiji, Ouyang Jiong, Wei Chengban, Lu, Yan Xuan,,, and so on. , are all literati concentrated in shu. Their ci styles are generally similar. Later generations therefore called it Huajian School.
Wen and Wei Zhuang are their representative writers. Although both of them mainly write eroticism and sadness, their styles are different. The words are gorgeous, but Wei Ci is neglected. The rest of the poets, like Wen Hefeng, sang about in my heart forever's sadness and hatred of parting.
Most of them are confined to the privacy of men and women, and their style is not high. However, Lu, Ouyang Jiong and Sun Guangxian also have some works of practical significance. Huajian Ci is not very desirable in thought except for a few words that hurt the country and frontier fortress, but its words are rich and delicate.
This high artistic achievement had a great influence on later ci poetry. There are three editions of Huajianji in Southern Song Dynasty: Shaoxing edition, Xichun edition and Jubilee edition. Huajiao was published by People's Literature Publishing House in 198 1 year.
4. Metric schools
Metric school: Most of the poets in the metrical school are proficient in rhythm and can innovate their own tones. Their works are rigorous in rhythm, beautiful in timbre, skillful and elegant in diction and sentence-making, and the content is mainly lyrical and chanting things. Zhou Bangyan's ci is rigorous in rhythm, exquisite in style and innovative in tone. Therefore, he is regarded as the founder of the metrical school.
Jiang Kui and Wu Wenying started the school of metrical ci in Southern Song Dynasty. Jiang Kui is the founder of the metrical school. The school of Ci is still carved, emphasizing temperament and elegance, and creating Ci to avoid vulgarity and worship elegance. Jiang Kui and Zhang are empty, but your words are beautiful.
5. Romantic poetry genre
Romantic poetry school is one of the four schools of China's poetry. These poems are colorful, imaginative and unrestrained. They inherited the romantic tradition of Chu Ci and Yuefu, and created a novel artistic style.
They appreciate themselves, pay attention to emotional diarrhea and give full play to their imagination and inspiration. The schools of classical romantic poetry are represented by Han Yu, Meng Jiao, Jia Dao and Li He. His representative works include The Rock by Han Yu, Early Spring by Zhang, Assistant of the Ministry of Water Resources, and Watching Luo Qiao at Night by Meng Jiao.
Jia Dao's "the legendary swordsman", Li He's "Wild Goose Gate Taishouhang" and so on. The representative poets of modern romantic poetry school are Guo Moruo, Cheng, Deng, Wen, Ni Yide, Mu, Wang and so on. And Guo Moruo's Goddess is his masterpiece.
Realism school and romanticism school
In the history of China literature, there are many poets and poets, who are divided into different schools because of their similar styles, the same times, or their fellow villagers' friends, or their fathers and sons' apprentices. These schools, back and forth, are big and small, and their status is high and low. Knowing and being familiar with them is of great benefit to poetry appreciation.
(1) realism school. The members of the school of realism can be traced back to the anonymous authors of realistic poems in The Book of Songs. Anonymous who later created realistic works in Han and Wei Yuefu. Tao Yuanming in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Du Fu and Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty and Lu You in the Song Dynasty can be regarded as leaders in different historical periods. In addition, such as Cai Yan, RoyceWong and Chen Lin in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Jie Yuan, Liu Zongyuan, Yuan Zhen, Zhang Ji, Wang Jian and Li Shen in the Middle Tang Dynasty, Pi Rixiu and Nie in the Late Tang Dynasty, Mei and Wang Anshi in the Northern Song Dynasty, Fan Chengda and Yang Wanli in the Southern Song Dynasty, Yuan Haowen in the Jin Dynasty, Wang Mian in the Yuan Dynasty and Gao Qi, Yu Qian and Wang Anshi in the Ming Dynasty.
The common characteristics of this school are: it can truly and vividly reflect social life extensively and profoundly; Created a typical character in a typical environment; With concrete and vivid details; On the basis of profound understanding, it has a high degree of generality; Use simpler language and simple painting skills.
(2) Romanticism. The members of the Romantic School can be traced back to the anonymous authors of romantic poems in The Book of Songs. Then came Qu Yuan, the first great poet in China, who pushed romantic poetry creation to a peak as early as the Warring States Period. Romantic poets such as Cao Zhi, Zuo Si, Guo Pu and Bao Zhao appeared in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty was a master of romanticism. After Qu Yuan, he set off a peak of romantic poetry creation. Besides him, there were other outstanding romantic poets in the Tang Dynasty, such as Wang Zhihuan, Wang Changling, Cen Can and Li He. Su Shi and Xin Qiji in Song Dynasty are outstanding representatives of romantic poets. Gong Zizhen in Qing Dynasty was the last romantic poet with certain influence in ancient times.