Confucius, a great educator and thinker in the Spring and Autumn Period, once said: "Learning without thinking is a waste, thinking without learning is peril." This sentence explains the dialectical relationship between learning and thinking. It shows that learning must be done through thinking, otherwise nothing will be achieved. It is very true that you can get the learning results after thinking about it. Let me share with you some techniques and methods for answering questions in Chinese language for senior high school students. I hope it will be helpful to you.
Methods and techniques for answering Chinese language questions in senior high school students
1. Basic Chinese language questions
Let’s talk about time allocation first. For the three multiple-choice questions in the first major question, the average student can limit them to 5 minutes. This part of the questions has stable question types and requires a lot of training. Candidates should be quite familiar with the basic routines. Therefore, they can answer boldly under the premise of clear examination of the questions, and it is appropriate to answer them at a medium speed. In addition, the answer should focus on the first impression. Do not change it without sufficient basis.
Answering strategies:
1. Read the requirements of the question clearly. Be sure to read carefully whether you have chosen the correct or incorrect item, whether there is any other information that can be used as a reference for answering the question, etc.
2. Eliminate the options you are most confident of eliminating first. For example, "words and idioms (including idioms) analysis questions" can be considered from aspects such as emotional color, scope, degree, appropriate collocation, and repetition and cumbersomeness.
3. Some general reminders. When distinguishing between correct and incorrect pronunciation, pay attention to the more cautious the words that you are most confident about and which everyone seems to pronounce the same way; when distinguishing between correct and incorrect pronunciation of typos, you should not read the question for too long. After a long time, what was originally correct will feel like it is wrong. , if you are not sure, you can put it aside for a while and not do it; it is better to use the "elimination method" for word selection and fill-in-the-blank questions, and pay attention to the "collocation" problem; when using idioms, it is taboo to "explicitly interpret the meaning", the more you want your literal meaning The more you understand the idioms, the more you need to pay attention to the pitfalls. Sometimes the "particularly unfamiliar" idioms in the test questions are often correct.
2. Reading of natural science and social science articles
The content examination of these two parts generally adopts the form of single choice, with four small questions. To answer these four questions, you should pay attention to the following points:
1. Pay attention to thinking carefully and carefully.
2. Be sure to find the words, sentences, and paragraphs that correspond to the test question options, compare and understand them repeatedly, and carefully determine whether the options are correct; reasoning based on the original sentences must be reasonable, otherwise it will be "made out of nothing."
3. Understand several situations of setting interference items: changing concepts secretly, overgeneralizing, making something out of nothing, expanding or narrowing the scope of a concept, lack of basis, reversal of cause and effect, confusion of sequence, overtaking the concept, etc.
4. When reading natural science articles, sometimes the selection may be boring, so keep your brain awake. Calm down and read carefully, and strive to understand accurately.
Question-answering skills:
First, lock the reading range of the question, which paragraph and which line, especially the understanding of words and sentences related to the first and second natural paragraphs. question.
Second, questions 1 and 2 are generally easier. You can directly find the location in the original text and point to the question stem. The statements are generally consistent with the original text and are mostly correct.
Third, questions 3 and 4 are slightly more difficult. Most of the incorrect items in the questions deviate from the original text. The subtleties need to be clarified.
3. Classical Chinese Reading
In view of the fact that most of the classical Chinese reading test questions are narrative texts, when reading as a whole, you should carefully search for the people and things in the text, and try your best to Circle the following relevant content in the article: how many people are there and how are they called; who is the protagonist and what is his relationship with others; how many things are there and how many people do them; what is the significance of the relationship between the events and how they are generally divided into levels. Then review the topic clearly, and then study the passage with these questions in mind. Don't dwell on irrelevant points, but work on important points.
1. Understanding the actual words of classical Chinese: adhere to the principle of "the words do not leave the sentence". Make use of the structural characteristics of words and words and words. Use the association method from one to the other to quickly understand the meaning of words. The explanation given in the options can be substituted into the sentence, combined with the context, and verified repeatedly. In addition, special attention should be paid to the polysemy of words, the conjugation of words, ancient and modern idioms of words, false meanings, partial meanings of words and other classical Chinese phenomena. The explanations of individual morphemes in some idioms that we usually accumulate can sometimes give us some inspiration, and they should also be used by me.
2. The meaning and usage of function words: Based on the understanding of the meaning of the sentence, the function words are turned into reality according to their position in the sentence, and the part of speech and usage are determined.
3. "Sifting information" and "grasping the meaning of the text": These are the last two questions in classical Chinese reading. Pay attention to the overall grasp. Especially the last question "grasping the meaning of the text", the setting of four options for this question. Most of them are arranged according to the order of the original text, and inappropriate items are often selected. This is not only helpful for understanding the full text, but also provides effective information for solving the previous questions. It is advisable to slow down a little here and strive to do it correctly. After completing it, go back and check the correctness of the previous questions.
Answering skills:
1. Learn to circle the dots, because Paper I uses answer sheets, so it is okay to circle the dots. List the characters and main events.
2. Read the last question of the classical Chinese text first, which is the summary analysis question of the content.
This question can essentially be called "the vernacular translation of classical Chinese". It provides a very clear analysis of the characters, the content of the text, and the events. So I read this article first. It is equivalent to reading the translation. Read the original text again. Get twice the result with half the effort.
3. Use the original text to infer the meaning of the word. Don't take it for granted, mobilize the knowledge reserves in your mind.
4. When translating classical Chinese, we must first look at the meaning of the text before the sentence. Because context is the best clue. Once you understand the previous sentence, the following sentence will naturally fall into place.
5. In addition to the common classical Chinese content words (120 stipulated in the syllabus), you should also take a look at other classical Chinese content words annotated in the textbook before the exam. Just look at the annotations.
6. The classical Chinese function words should be reviewed on common words such as "er, and, nai, qi, suo, wei, yan, yi, cause, yu, ze, zhi".
4. Classical Chinese Translation
Classical Chinese Translation: First of all, you must read the sentence or paragraph smoothly. If you read it smoothly, the translation will be half successful; when explaining the important content words and function words in the sentence, you must pay attention to the inference based on the context. ; When translating, you should pay attention to the sentence patterns of classical Chinese, changes in word order, and the addition of omitted elements; pay attention to the smoothness and catchiness of the translated sentences, and write carefully. No grader will check the blanks. Therefore, you must fill in those boxes that should be filled in, regardless of whether you answer correctly or incorrectly.
Translation of ancient Chinese texts focuses on literal translation and implementation of every word.
5. Appreciation of Ancient Poetry
Appreciation of classical poetry: First, carefully review the topic and clarify which aspect to appreciate.
1. In terms of ideological content, we should use the scenes, people, and things written by the poet to understand the artistic conception of the poem, the poet's emotional experience, and the reflected principles.
2. In terms of images, you need to identify the images written in the poem and understand the experience, mentality or representative meaning of these images.
3. In terms of language, carefully understand the verbs, adjectives and other parts of speech that best reflect the artistic conception of the poem, and analyze how they reflect the artistic conception and how they express the poet's emotions.
4. In terms of expression skills, it is necessary to clarify the expression skills of the poem and analyze it with the help of the original verses.
5. Clarify the suggestive factors required by the question and do the questions strictly according to the requirements.
6. Organize the answer carefully, if it is a paragraph. It is expressed according to the total score structure, and the conceptual terminology related to poetry creation must be used, that is, jargon must be used. For example, use the first couplet, chin couplet, neck couplet, and tail couplet, instead of the first sentence, the second sentence, etc.
Answering skills:
Appreciation of ancient poetry focuses on the understanding of words and sentences. To find the answer from the poem, you need to learn various methods, but the key is to understand the poem, especially the artistic conception. The artistic conception is the mood expressed by the author when he wrote this poem. Either low, high-spirited, depressed, longing, indifferent, etc., and then implemented into words and sentences.
The key point to remember is that the answer lies in the poem, in the situation expressed by the author in the words, such as "cold, clear, quiet, absolute, dark, gloomy, noisy, notes, tears".
The expression of poetry appreciation should be based on the poem and can be labeled, but should not be exaggerated or reduced. It is better to express it realistically. For example, the poems about "Breaking Willows" in 2002 and "Leng, Swallowing" in 2003 are analyzed based on the content of this poem and cannot be copied rigidly. Of course, the expression should be skillful. It is to analyze the ins and outs of this word and its meaning here. This makes it clear.
6. Dictation of famous sentences
Dictation of famous sentences and articles: Choose three out of four, choose two out of three, or do all, remember it firmly, grasp it accurately, and write it correctly
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7. Reading of literary works
1. Strengthen the overall perception and clarify the things written, the emotions expressed and the principles explained. Read the title carefully, browse the beginning and end, and screen for recurring words and sentences (especially lyrical sentences and argumentative sentences).
2. Understand the requirements of the questions thoroughly and answer the questions strictly according to the requirements.
3. Find the reading range that meets the requirements of the question. Sometimes the span of the reading range is relatively large. Pay attention to filtering and intercepting sentences that meet the requirements of the question. Carefully summarize, rationally reorganize, make necessary adjustments, and make appropriate transformations.
4. The answer must be complete, the wording must be accurate, and the sentences must be fluent and fluent.
5. According to the question writer’s characteristic of setting questions “from the shallower to the deeper”, the following questions may serve as footnotes for the previous questions.
6. Under the premise of not limiting the number of words, answer according to the number of points assigned and the size of the space left. Pay attention to answering questions in a few points.
7. Although you are not given points for writing the answers, you must be careful. Generally, marking teachers will not think carefully about your answers. Only by letting them read them clearly at a glance can you avoid losing unjust points. The answer must be based on every sentence and have its source. Don't take it for granted and act haphazardly.
Answering skills:
1. To break the mystery of modern text reading, we must have the perspective that "the answers are all in the original text".
2. Hold on to some suggestive words in the text, such as "therefore", "so", "but" and "especially"; or summary and more rational words, such as thoughts, Awareness, realism, romance, mystery, symbolism, etc. To specifically infer its rational connotation and hierarchical meaning.
3. The core of modern text reading is to "summarize" the content. This is the solution. That is, within the reading paragraph, use periods as units, each sentence summarizes a meaning, and lists it in items. Don't be confused by the "meaning", "function" and "benefits" of some questions. When talking about "function", "benefits" and "significance", we must also rely on the content to eliminate dilution. We cannot simply say "strengthens the theme, deepens the core, enhances the effect, and is very vivid" and other words, and it is enough.
4. Answer more. Because the number of words for reading modern texts is gradually relaxed, if you answer more questions, you will get more points. Besides, no points will be deducted for answering too many questions. Please pay attention to two points when answering multiple questions: (1) List it in items and give a summary answer. Generally, for questions with many points, the answer should be consistent with the score, that is, a 6-point question. Just answer 3 small points. (2) Do not repeat the answer or talk from the negative side. Just answer the question in a positive way, and do not use figurative or descriptive language.
8. Language expression questions
1. Correction of language errors. Consider it from the perspective of language, conciseness, coherence, and tact. First of all, the judgment must be accurate, small operations (adding, deleting, adjusting, replacing) should not change the original meaning, the answer must be standardized, pay attention to the question review, and do not change the correct one into the wrong one.
2. Imitation. Clarify the key points for scoring and require strict copying according to the following key points.
① Reasonable content (contextual connection, consistent mood, etc.);
② Sentence imitation (consistent sentence structure, consistent usage techniques, etc.);
③In terms of rhetoric, pay attention to metaphors and parallelism;
④Meet the requirements of the topic, especially special requirements;
⑤The sentences are smooth (otherwise points will be deducted).
3. Extension.
①The answer must reflect the explicit and implicit requirements of the question (some of the explicit requirements are on the question stem, and some are in the language materials),
②The answer must be stated smoothly and not There are no omissions of words, no emphasis on words, no grammatical errors, and careful writing.
4. Compress paragraphs.
① Understanding and summarizing are the premise and basis of compression;
② Pay attention to the requirements and restrictions of the question stem. The college entrance examination often emphasizes focused compression;
③ Meet the requirements of the questions, comprehensive key points, and smooth answers.
5. Change (select) sentence patterns.
① Clarify the principle of transformation; the original intention must not be changed.
② Pay attention to the relationship between the original sentences.
③The sentences should be smooth.
6. Appropriate and coherent questions. Answer according to the requirements.
Question-answering skills:
1. Understanding the question stem is the foundation for answering the question. The question stem must be read twice. The question writer said that not a single word in the question stem is redundant. If you read and understand the question clearly, you will be 70% successful in the question.
2. Do the questions according to the prompts in the question stem. The question stem is not only a requirement, but also a prompt and a hint. Therefore, completing the questions according to the prompts will get twice the result with half the effort.
3. Some new types of language expression questions will appear every year. Every candidate must be mentally prepared, but the test methods may be somewhat different from usual ones, but the ability requirements are already known to every candidate.
4. You can practice reading pictures and table questions in your daily life. To prepare for this part of the test, the examination format must be more comprehensive. Be prepared.
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