Looking at Lushan Mountain from the front and side of peaks and valleys, from far, near, high and low places, Lushan Mountain presents various faces.
I can't recognize the true face of Lushan Mountain because I am there.
translate
Seen from the front and side, Lushan Mountain is undulating and peaks stand tall. Seen from afar, near, high and low, Lushan Mountain presents various appearances. The reason why I can't recognize the true face of Lushan Mountain is because I am in Lushan Mountain.
To annotate ...
1. Title Xilin wall: written on the wall of sairinji. Sairinji is at the west foot of Lushan Mountain. Title: Writing, Inscription. Xilin: sairinji, in Lushan, Jiangxi. This song is engraved on the wall of the temple.
2. Looking horizontally: Looking from the front. Lushan always runs from north to south, horizontally, but from east to west.
3. Side: Side.
4. different: different.
5. Ignorance: I can't identify and distinguish.
6. True face: refers to the true scenery and shape of Lushan Mountain.
7. Fate: Because; Due to.
Make an appreciative comment
This is a philosophical poem by the richest man, but the poet does not discuss it abstractly, but talks about his unique feelings by tightly holding the mountain tour. With the help of the image of Lushan Mountain, he expressed philosophy in simple terms in popular language, so he was kind and natural and thought-provoking.
Among many works praising Lushan Mountain, Su Shi's Poem on sairinji's Wall is as famous as Li Bai's Looking at Lushan Waterfall. However, the artistic conception of the two poems is quite different: Li Bai sets off the majestic momentum of Lushan Mountain by describing the scenery of a censer peak waterfall and inspires people's love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland; Su Shi did not describe the specific scenery, but summarized the overall impression of visiting Lushan Mountain, from which a philosophy of life was exposed to inspire readers' thinking and understanding. The strength of this quatrain lies not in its image or feelings, but in its rich meaning and interest. Facing the majestic Lushan Mountain, the poet sighed: From the front, Lushan Mountain is a Hengshan Mountain; Seen from the side, Lushan Mountain is a towering mountain peak. Let's look at it from different distances and heights. The Lushan Mountain in front of you is a variety of images. Why can't we accurately and completely grasp the true face of Lushan Mountain? Just because people are in this mountain, their horizons are limited.
"I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but toward which corner of the mountain." Did the poet only say that he was looking at the mountain, only referring to a mountain on Lushan Mountain? All the mountains and hills have descended. Which one is the same as the hillside? Things in the universe are different, so the observation results are different! For anything, if it is hidden in its circle, it will not see the overall situation and the truth; Only by studying all aspects of it objectively can we get a correct understanding. This is an adage: the authorities are lost, and the bystanders are clear.
This poem is ingenious, unpretentious and full of wisdom. After reading it, we seem to be smarter.
This is a landscape poem with pictures and scenery, and it is also a philosophical poem, which contains philosophy in the description of Lushan scenery. In the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), Su Shi visited Lushan Mountain for more than ten days and was attracted by its magnificent and beautiful scenery. So he wrote more than ten poems praising Lushan Mountain, and this is one of them. The first two sentences describe the different morphological changes of Lushan Mountain. Lushan Mountain runs through the mountains and rivers, and the mountains are lush and endless; On the edge, the peaks rise and fall, and the strange peaks rise one after another, rising into the clouds. Looking at Lushan Mountain from different directions in the distance and nearby, the mountain scenery and momentum you see are different. The last two sentences write the author's deep thought: the reason why we look at Lushan from different directions will have different impressions. I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but toward which corner of the mountain. In other words, only by staying away from Lushan Mountain and jumping out of its shadow can we fully grasp the true face of Lushan Mountain. These two sentences are full of meaningful philosophy and have become widely read aphorisms.
The meaning of this poem is very profound, but the language used is extremely simple. Simplicity is one of Su Shi's linguistic features. Su Shi has no habit of carving when writing poems. What the poet pursues is to express a fresh and unprecedented artistic conception in simple and fluent language; And this artistic conception, from time to time flashing the light of philosophy. Judging from this poem, the language expression is concise, but the connotation is rich. In other words, poetic language itself is a high degree of unity of image and logic. In four poems, the poet roughly describes the image characteristics of Lushan Mountain, and accurately points out the reasons why it is irrelevant to see the mountain. Bright sensibility and clear rationality are intertwined and mutually causal, so the image of poetry is sublimated into a model in the field of rationality, which is why people regard the last two sentences as philosophical epigrams for thousands of times.
If the poetic tradition before the Song Dynasty was characterized by expressing ambition and expressing emotion, then in the Song Dynasty, especially Su Shi, a new poetic style characterized by reasoning appeared. This poetic style is a new poetic style created by Song people after Tang poetry. In Su Shi's words, it means "creating new ideas in statutes and leaving wonderful ideas outside the bold". The characteristics of this kind of poems are: shallow language and deep meaning, reasonable things and light taste. The title Xilin wall is such a good poem.
Brief introduction of the author
Su Shi (1037 65438+10.8-165438+24.8), known as "Dongpo Jushi" and "Su Dongpo" in the world. Han nationality, Meizhou people. Poet and poet of the Northern Song Dynasty, litterateur of the Song Dynasty, one of the main representatives of the unrestrained school, and one of the "Eight Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". Politically, it belongs to the old party, but it also has the requirements of reform shortcomings. Wang Yang's prose is unrestrained and fluent, and his poems have a wide range of themes and rich contents. There are more than 3,900 existing poems. His representative works include Mid-Autumn Festival, Fu on the Red Wall, Twenty Dreams of Jiangchengzi in the First Month, Night Tour in Chengtian Temple, etc.