Senior three Chinese reading answering skills one
"Functional Problems" in Modern Chinese Reading
Function questions are a highlight of modern Chinese reading in college entrance examination, and the life system of "function questions" is often cut into the following aspects.
First of all, the starting role
At the beginning of the article, it is emphasized that the beginning is exquisite, which is often called "phoenix head" Therefore, it is the highlight of modern text reading to examine the function of the opening paragraph.
(1) Doubt method (suspense method)
Benefits (thinking direction): ① Arouse readers' thinking and attract readers. (2) leads to the following plot. (3) prominent figures. ④ Reveal the theme of the novel.
⑵ Landscape writing method
Benefits (thinking direction): ① Explain the time and place where the story happened. ② Suggest the social environment and reveal the essential characteristics of society. (3) Reveal the characters' emotions and show their personalities. ④ Render the atmosphere. ⑤ Promote the development of the plot, pave the way for portraying characters and lay the foundation.
(3) Others include: opening the topic and quoting the full text; Lead out the following, or pave the way for the following; Render the atmosphere and set the tone. These are just terms. You should answer them according to the content, structure and effect of the article.
Second, the ending effect.
The function of the ending paragraph is usually: to summarize the full text and summarize the main idea; Echoing the beginning, the beginning and the end are round, making the article seamless; Zhang Xianzhi pointed out the theme; Strengthen the author's emotion, deepen or sublimate the theme; Endless words make readers think; Wait a minute.
1. Unexpected ending
(1) From the structural arrangement, the plain story suddenly produces waves, such as breaking through the ground and violently hitting the reader's mind, which has a shocking force.
(2) From the perspective of expression, it is reasonable to look at the foreshadowing of the latter article.
2. Sad tragic ending
(1) From the perspective of theme, we can deepen the theme better.
(2) From the perspective of expressing the character, it can better shape the character.
(3) This ending is touching, unforgettable and thought-provoking.
3. Happy ending
(1) Judging from the expressive effect, the comic ending of the novel leaves readers with a broad imagination and is intriguing.
(2) From the reader's emotional experience, the comic ending is in line with the wishes of the protagonist and the author, giving people a sense of relief and pleasure.
(3) Thematically, the beautiful humanity highlighted in this ending transcends the war and reflects the human desire for a peaceful and beautiful life.
4. Come to an abrupt end, leaving a blank ending, leaving a "blank" for readers to imagine, allowing readers to re-create art and deepen the theme better.
Third, the role of environmental description
Environmental description can be divided into natural environment description and social environment description.
1. Description of natural environment (scenery description)
(1) Render the atmosphere.
(1) separator character.
(3) Promote the plot development.
(4) Suggest the social environment.
(5) Reveal or deepen the theme of the work.
2. Social environment
(1) Explain the background of the story.
(2) Render the environmental atmosphere of the story and enhance the authenticity of the story.
(3) The description of the social environment sets off the outstanding characteristics of the characters and can show their identity, status and personality.
(4) Suggest the contrast and contrast of the characters' future and destiny.
(5) Promote the development and change of the plot.
(6) Deepen the theme of the novel.
Fourthly, the function of the novel title.
1, indicating the main characters. Serve for shaping and highlighting characters.
2. Summarize the main events of the novel.
3. It runs through the whole text and plays a clue role.
4. It is symbolic, punning, revealing the theme of the novel and making the finishing point.
5. Explain the time, place and environment of the story.
6. Set suspense to attract readers' interest and trigger reading impulse.
7, promote the development of the plot or promote the story turning point.
Fifth, the role of expression techniques.
1, the role of various description techniques
(1) Portrait, expression and action description: better show the inner world and personality characteristics of the characters.
(2) Language description: ① Depicting the characters' personalities, reflecting their psychological activities and promoting the story development; (2) Describe the characters' voices to make the images vivid.
(3) Psychological description: directly express the characters' thoughts and inner feelings, express the characters' ideological quality, portray the characters' personality and promote the plot development.
2. The role of novel detail description.
(1) Describe the characters' personalities and show their inner world.
(2) Deepen the theme.
(3) promote the development of the plot.
(4) Rendering the flavor of the times and local characteristics.
(5) Play the role of suggestion and innuendo.
Transitive role of intransitive verbs
The role of the transition section is mainly to connect the preceding with the following. When you do the problem, you should specifically answer how to connect and how to connect.
Seven, clue function
The writing clues of college entrance examination mainly include object line, emotion line and sentence line.
To answer such questions, we must understand the basic function of writing clues, that is, organizing materials and running through the whole text to make the article rigorous and seamless. It should be noted that some writing clues directly or indirectly express the main idea of the article and should be considered when answering questions.
Eight, the role of people
Use the first person: the narrative is more intimate and natural, which is convenient for expressing thoughts and feelings directly and freely, giving readers a sense of reality;
Using the second person address: it is a kind of address rhetoric, which is convenient for direct dialogue, is conducive to the exchange of thoughts and feelings, enhances intimacy, and makes lyric more intense and touching;
Using the third person: it can directly and objectively show colorful life, is not limited by time and space, has the characteristics of omniscience and omnipotence, and reflects reality more flexibly and freely.
Nine, manipulation effect
Expressive techniques mainly refer to rhetorical techniques and expressive techniques such as contrast, contrast, line drawing and symbol. Refer to Expression Skills of Poetry Appreciation. Pay attention to answer from the identification and function of expression.
It should be pointed out that this kind of question does not necessarily appear in the form of "function", sometimes it is set to express the effect or benefit, and sometimes it is necessary to appreciate the sentence, but the function of expression must be considered when answering the question.
X. character analysis
1, character image analysis (starting point)
Feature+identity
(1) Develop with the help of the plot (according to the situation)
(2) With the help of argumentative statements (comments of the author or others on the characters)
(3) with the help of character description (appearance, language, action, psychology)
2. Personas.
(1) The role of the main characters (mainly analyzing the social significance of the characters)
Firstly, the typicality of the character image (the characteristics of a certain kind of people) is analyzed in combination with the plot, and then the social phenomenon reflected by this image and some enlightenment it brings to people are analyzed in combination with the social reality.
(2) the role of secondary characters
A, serve the protagonist and set off the protagonist.
B, reveal or highlight the theme
C, if it is a clue, it is naturally a clue that runs through the whole text.
(3) the role of images
If a novel introduces a particularly important image, its basic function is nothing more than highlighting the character's character and revealing the deepening theme. Sometimes it appears repeatedly, stringing together related plots, thus becoming the clue of the article and making the structure more rigorous.
④ Analyze the character of "I" in the novel.
A, the witness of the story, telling the story from the first-person perspective, enhancing the authenticity of the story.
B, a clue that runs through the whole article, promotes the development of the story through what I have seen.
C. reveal the theme of the novel through the feeling of "I".
D, highlight the characters through the emotion of "I".
Senior three Chinese reading answering skills II
Inductive theme
Techniques of summarizing the theme of novels
(1) The theme can be expressed in the following ways:
① Reveal the truth, goodness, beauty, falsehood and ugliness in human nature with the personality characteristics, morality and personality of the main characters in the novel.
2. Criticize the current disadvantages in the form of stories.
(3) Express the philosophy of life through fables.
(4) Fictitious life experience, which reflects the life state and psychological state of the characters.
(2) Topics can be mined from the following aspects:
From the author's background, character characteristics, plot development, language emotional color, overall tendency and so on.
(3) When summarizing the theme, some basic terms are commonly used:
(1) praise, praise, make public what.
(2) What to satirize, what to criticize, what to expose and what to condemn.
(3) What life truth is revealed.
4 reflect on what phenomenon.
⑤ What emotions are expressed.
Senior three Chinese reading answering skills three
First of all, about the characters:
1, identify the hero of the novel.
The character who can best express the theme of the novel is the hero of the novel.
2. Summarize the characters.
Name-Character (Conduct)-Identity (Occupation, Evaluation)
3. Point out the method of shaping characters.
① Positive description. It is also called direct description, that is, through the direct description of the portrait, action, language, psychology, expression and details of the characters, it reveals the ideological quality and personality characteristics of the characters and reflects the theme of the works.
② Introduction and description. Also known as indirect description, that is, indirect description of the protagonist through the words and deeds of others.
Novels describe people and show their character.
4. Summarize the personality characteristics of the characters.
A, grasp the movements, language, appearance and psychological activities of the characters.
B, seize the expressive words.
C, grasp the various aspects and different performances of the characters. It is not comprehensive to summarize the characteristics of characters from one aspect and one thing. Therefore, when summarizing the character characteristics, we should analyze the performance and changes of the characters from many aspects and materials to summarize the character characteristics.
Second, about the environment:
Description of social environment: ① Explain the background of the times. ② Explain social customs. (3) Explain the train of thought. (4) explain the relationship between people. ⑤ Reveal the main idea of the novel.
Formula: This is description, explanation and enlightenment.
B. scenery description: ① explain the background of the story. ② Promote the story development.
③ Contrast the psychological activities and feelings of the characters. ④ Render the atmosphere.
Formula: This is a description, which exaggerates the atmosphere and sets off the mood.
Pave the way for the following.
Third, about the plot:
1, summarize the story.
Personnel officer.
People do things in time and place.
2. How to fill in the blanks?
First, from known to unknown. The storyline refers to the beginning, development and ending. Look carefully at what the topic requires to fill in.
B, read the given example, the format and tone should be consistent.