Cui Shu was born in a poor family in Songzhou (now Shangqiu, Henan Province). He lost his parents at an early age, which can be described as suffering from human hardships. However, instead of crushing him, the misfortune of life sharpened his will to make progress. He left his hometown in his early years and went to Shaoshi Mountain (Xifeng, Song Yue) to study as a teacher. Since then, he has embarked on a long life journey. "It is difficult to be independent, and the poor are vulnerable; I hurt this naked guest, how can I get snow frost? " ("A trip to Cliff Mountain is too early") Poems are endless, telling the bitterness and loneliness of the journey. He "has a relaxed mind, studies hard, and the mountains are high." (Yuan Xinwen Fang's Biography of Tang Caizi) Being friends with the eminent monk Changshan, the above-mentioned people and Fenglian, I am abstinent and devoted to learning. The self-confidence of "the device is used by people, and the feeling is natural" ("Gone with the Wind") has not diminished for a long time. But he was deeply touched by the fact that he could not serve the country: "Without the media, you will lose your way and you will take up all the traffic." ("Song and Zhou sent Xue Zhi") Xue Zhi, who was also frustrated, felt the same way and wrote a poem encouraging: "There were no waste people in the Ming Dynasty and no waste materials in Guangsha. Good workers don't care about me, and it's better to be useful than from the media. Why don't husbands meet and cry for Huang Jintai? " . ("Huai zai xing", see "whole Tang poetry" volume 253). I am full of expectations for Na Xianming. The general rule of the success of ancient talents in China seems to be "hardships and hardships, and jade is successful". Cui Shu, who spent ten years in a cold window, finally got the first place in the imperial examination in the 26th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 738). He is also famous for his poem "Tang Ming Huo Zhu": "Open a heavy house in the right place and the fire beads will fly out in the air. The moon is full at night, and after dawn, the stars are lonely. The sky is hard to extinguish, and the clouds are endless. Far from Taiping, the national treasure is in Kyoto. " (Song Jigong's Chronicle of Tang Poetry, Volume 20) Although it has the flavor of palace poetry, it is spacious, clear and natural, and it does not lose its name.
Cui Shu's unique experience and long-term secluded reading life gradually made him lose hope of being an official, and formed a character beyond the common customs. After that, he had no intention of being an official and devoted himself to "articles."
Cui Shu's representative works handed down from generation to generation are: Complete Tang Poetry (volume 355) contains a simple poem, Complete Tang Poetry (volume 155) contains a volume of 15 poems, and Complete Tang Poetry (volume 1) contains two antitheses. This is obviously not the whole of Cui Shu's works. However, most of the existing 65,438+05 poems have been repeatedly selected and recorded by poetry anthologies since the Tang Dynasty, such as Guo Xiuji, He, and Tang Poetry Pinhui. It can be seen that its value is high. Stylistically, 15 has five laws, six five-character lines, one five-character line, one five-character ancient style, one seven-character line and one seven-character line. If Cui Shu is good at writing five words, it is at least not far from his creative reality.
The main representative works are Song Zhou's seeing Xue Zhi off, Arriving at the Cliff Mountain early to return to his wife's room, Song Shan's looking for phoenix lotus, Ancient Meaning, Tang Ming's offering of fire beads, Xiao Fa on the way, Gushan Temple, Climbing to the Watergate House, Seeing the Yellow River Poem during Zhang zhen's death, and Emotion.
Writing characteristics Cui Shu was named after the poem "Try to make a fire bead". His poems mostly describe scenery and objects, but at the same time they contain homesickness and yearning for friends. The words are neat and the words are sad. In his poems, there are "the clear sky is light and difficult to extinguish, the clouds look forward to nothing", "the mountains and clouds have changed from ancient times to modern times", "the ambition to travel far away is exhausted because of the heights, and the feelings of homesickness" and "the exile will be late, and the sorrow is already autumn". A volume of poetry (155 volumes of all Tang poems).
The earliest poem evaluated by later generations was Yin [(A Zuo Shang []), a poet in the Tang Dynasty: "His poems are full of sighs, with clear meaning (he was originally quoted as affection or emotion) and sad; You can cry when you say goodbye to going upstairs. " (Preface to He Yue Ling's Album) Later theorists relayed this statement, which is no different. Today, it is undoubtedly the key for us to appreciate Cui Shi and know him. This theory reveals the basic characteristics of the works from the aspects of theme, method and aesthetic effect. In other words, his lyrical chapters, which reflect the homesickness of literati and the grief and indignation of talented people, are the most touching and tear-jerking.