1. The play of two, two, three and three generals - (Tang Dynasty) Lu Zhaolin's "Miscellaneous Songs and Difficulties in Traveling"
2. Colorful play with many Guizi - (Song Dynasty) ) Anonymous "The Highest Building·Zhonghe Festival"
3. The Bird's Life - (Tang Dynasty) Liu Yuxi's "Three Songs of Early Summer"
4. The Weak Man Plays with Me Side - (Wei and Jin Dynasties) Tao Yuanming's "One of the Masters of He Guo"
5. Playing alone as a son - (Song Dynasty) Huang Tingjian's "Man Wei"
6. Ji Zi Talking for a play - (Southern and Northern Dynasties) Xu Ling's "Poetry on Chickens"
7. Smoke cages with cold water, moon cages with sand, and mooring in Qinhuai at night near restaurants. ——Du Mu's "Porting Qinhuai"
8. Du Dao Jian passed through the Beihai actor Ran's house, then entered Yuyang and left the fortress. ——"Zi Zhi Tong Jian·Han Ji·Han Ji Forty-Eight"
9. Which actor or singer is unfamiliar to you? ——"Xiao Lin Guang Ji·Part of the World's Taboos"
10. One said: "It's so lively to call a group of actors to have fun with the canal." ——"Xiao Lin Guang Ji·Part of the Fallacies"
< p>"Miscellaneous Songs and Songs: Difficulty in Traveling"The specific original text is as follows:
Don't you see, by the Wei Bridge in the north of Chang'an City, dead trees are lying across the ancient fields.
In the past, it contained red and purple, often leaving fog and smoke.
Spring scenery, spring breeze, flowers like snow, fragrant carriages, jade carriages and carriages are always swallowed.
If a tourist doesn’t compete, if an advocate doesn’t show up.
Advocate for the treasures of the family, the dragon and the dragon, and the young master rides with millions of silver saddles.
Huang Ying has always been charming and charming, playing with her generals in twos, twos, threes and threes.
Thousand-foot-long strips and hundreds-of-foot branches are covered by red osmanthus and green elm.
Mandarin ducks on the coral leaves, young eagles in the phoenix nest.
The branches of the nest are broken and the phoenix returns, and the dead leaves are blown by the strong wind.
If no one asks about it once, how can you know that it will destroy you forever?
The ups and downs of life have no beginning and end, and it is hard to rely on them for a long time.
Who can live in Xishan? Who can weir water to the east?
The mausoleums of the Han family are full of trees in Qinchuan, and people who walk back and forth feel pity for them.
Since the past, the minister had two thousand stones, which meant that he would be prosperous for ten thousand years.
The red lips and white appearance are not seen, but the plain thorns and yellow springs are heard.
Golden mink sometimes needs to exchange for wine, but jade dust should not worry about money.
I am sending a message to the Immortal Department, a place of friendship throughout life and death.
If you don’t come from Canglong Tower, I should go in front of Baihe Mountain.
In the difficult period between the clouds and the sea, when will the sincere hearts meet?
I wish Yao could have one million in his lifetime and never hesitate to be a nester for a long time!
Appreciation:
Starting from the "Bai Liang style" of the Han Dynasty, the rhythmic opposition of the Six Dynasties was absorbed, and the seven-character poems gradually caught up with the five-character poems; and began to diverge from the early Tang Dynasty, becoming the new modern rhythm Absolutely, harmonious with Yuefu singing. The "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty" also made great contributions to the seven-character ancient poetry. Lu Zhaolin's "Ancient Meanings of Chang'an" and "Difficulty in Traveling" are representative works in this regard.
"Traveling is Difficult" is an old title of "Yuefu Zaqu Song Ci". Before Lu Zhaolin, Bao Zhao had composed a seven-character "Traveling is Difficult". The oblique tones promote rhyme and the long sentences are full of twists and turns. Express frustration and dissatisfaction. This poem by Lu Zhaolin is calm and stretched, slow and unhurried, with multiple rhyme changes; its rhythm, rhetoric, and antitheses are obviously influenced by the poetry of the Six Dynasties, which also reflects the artistic characteristics of the changing poetic style.
The whole poem has forty lines, divided into two parts.
The first part, from the beginning to "Do you know that you have been devastated by the ages?" "Next to the Wei Bridge in the north of Chang'an City" is a virtual reference, that is, things are rising, and the cross-shaped trees and dead trees lying in the ancient fields in front of you arouse the association, " "In the past" leads to the following sixteen sentences, and vividly elaborates and exaggerates the lush, colorful and fragrant youthful years that "Dead Tree" once had. Surrounding it are "thousand-foot-long branches of hundreds of feet", with orioles playing in spring, phoenixes coming to their nests, mandarin ducks roosting, and noble osmanthus and green elms also clinging to the shade. Cars and horses often pass by, and the sound of horse hooves can be heard intermittently. ; Rich but frivolous young men, and coquettish prostitutes, all compete with each other, climbing on the dragon and attaching themselves to the phoenix. With neat structure and gorgeous language, the poet shows readers the prosperous market and luxurious life in Chang'an City in the early Tang Dynasty. The readers seem to be immersed in the scene, but they clearly feel the poet's calm attitude. From the perspective of diction, the neat couplets and changing angles avoid sluggishness and clutter; the layered words and phrases add a sense of contrast and rhythm to the composition. The last two sentences are the key to the whole poem and the main theme. From the reality of "it was once scattered and no one asked about it", from this to the other side, it is proposed that "the king has been destroyed for eternity", which is like Huan Wen's common life lamentation of "the tree is like this, how can people be embarrassed", and further sublimates the meaning of Bixing. .
The second part goes from "no end to high or low in life" to the last sentence, from implicit to explicit, with the metaphor "dead wood" appearing as the ontology "life". "End" refers to infinity. The eternal natural contradiction between the fleeting life and the infinite years has caused confusion in people's souls, and a series of lyrical images unfolded from this. From "Whose House" (to "When Will Hearts Meet"), a hyper-temporal framework is used to constantly change the narrative angle, so that the single theme of life, death and prosperity forms multiple layers and rich connotations. First, I wrote about the flow of time, which no one can stop, then I wrote about the change of dynasties, the Qinchuan, Han and Mausoleums, but there was nothing I could do about it; then I wrote about the rich and powerful officials, who suddenly returned to the green thorns and the yellow spring. This further points out that wealth cannot be arrogant and friendship cannot be relied on, so duplication or contrast is used. The exchange of gold mink for wine is from Li Bai's "Jinjinjiu"; "Jade dust" refers to the flying dust raised by the jade horse. Drinking and wandering seem to have solved life and death, but in fact it illustrates the inability to relieve the depression.
Since fame and wealth are just fleeting, I have no choice but to ask friends to visit immortals to resolve the grudges in my heart. Therefore, Taoism was prevalent in the Tang Dynasty, and many bureaucrats and scholar-officials accepted Taoism. The poet said: Even though there are life and death friendships on weekdays, as long as the deadline comes, before you arrive at the "Canglong Tower" (Canglong, the god of the East, the general name of the twenty-eight stars in the East), I will have emerged in front of the White Crane Mountain. As for the fairy mountains on the sea among the clouds, the elixir of immortality is even more elusive and hard to find.
Taoism and Buddhism both have theories of reincarnation. Even if we step back and seek "innocent" rebirth, how long will it take? On the surface, it seems negative, depressed or even dissolute, but in fact it still contains a passionate and persistent pursuit of life. Therefore, the last two sentences "I hope that in the year of Yao, I will have one million, and I will not hesitate to be a nest for a long time!" In the year of Yao, the generation will live long; , Chaofu and Xu You were hermits in ancient times. "I hope" and "long work" show the sincerity of his words. Lu Zhaolin was poisoned by pills and suffered convulsions in his hands and feet. Finally, he couldn't bear the pain of the disease and threw himself into Yingshui. There seems to be a confession here. He only prays for the health and longevity of normal people, not extravagant wealth, glory and immortality.
The most outstanding contribution of the four heroes of the early Tang Dynasty to the transformation of poetic style was to expand the realm of time and space, shifting their focus from the court to society, and to the rich and colorful real life. They often have thought-provoking understandings and interpretations of history, life, materials, and ideals, making their poems grand, philosophical, and of profound social significance.
Reference materials
Ancient poetry website: http://so.gushiwen.org/search.aspx?value=%E4%B8%A4%E4%B8%A4%E4 %B8%89%E4%B8%89%E5%B0%86%E5%AD%90%E6%88%8F