You can't praise orchids. Who is Cao Zhu proud of? Xiuzhu is hidden in the mountains, and the social work is close to Zengcheng. Yan Ge stretches the valley, and melons are full of vitality. Joy wears away the spirit, while sadness deeply hurts people's feelings. It's no use knowing to worry, so if it's too clear.
Ruan Ji (210-263) was born in the troubled times of Wei and Jin Dynasties, and the Sima family attempted to usurp the Cao and Wei regimes. Although he was dissatisfied, he was afraid of being killed, so he had to be perfunctory, "isolated" and "binge drinking was the norm" In order to avoid Sima Yan's proposal, he was drunk for 60 days and had to give up. Ruan Ji is one of the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest".
This is an angry poem that reveals that talented people are buried and mediocre people steal high positions. Its theme and social background are similar to Zuo Si's epic poems, but its expression is different from Zuo Si's.
Ruan Ji's "Yong Huai" likes to use beauty metaphor, and Shen Deqian points out that "it originated from Li Sao" (Volume 6 of Ancient Poetry Source). The first six sentences of this poem are all about vegetation, while orchids, Zhu Cao and Zhu Xiu are about talent, while Belamcanda, Ge Jie and Melon are about mediocrity.
Orchid this sentence comes directly from "Lisao", saying that orchids cannot be envied. The original intention was that Chu reversed black and white to confuse incense, and every household put smelly wormwood all over their waist. On the contrary, it says that orchids full of delicate fragrance should not be worn to show that Chu Huaiwang is close to the bad guys and far away from the wise. Ruan condensed two sentences into one sentence, which is more refined.
Zhu Cao's words mean that Zhu Cao should have been born when Saint King Yide transformed the world. Now is a dark and eventful autumn. Who are you blooming Zhu Cao for?
Orchids are neglected, Zhu Cao blooms out of place, and bamboo is buried in the shade. Three metaphors are used to illustrate that talented people are not allowed to live in the world, and their resentment is also bursting out!
The young trees that are shot dry are faced with high walls, just as Xunzi said in Persuasion: "There is a kind of wood in the west called shot dry, and its stem is four inches long. It was born on a high mountain, but it is close to the abyss. The wooden stem can't grow, so it stands. " This is a metaphor, which shows that mediocre people can only climb to the top by virtue of that noble birth.
Like the last article, the repeated use of these three metaphors, namely, Shegan Lincheng, Yan Ge Yan Gu and Guamangmian, shows that mediocre people are all over the imperial court, and the lines between them are full of their dissatisfaction.
Because the first paragraph of the poem has a series of contrasting positive and negative images, the direct expression of the second paragraph has a solid foundation, concrete and true.
"Happiness kills the spirit" means that when people are happy to the extreme, their spirit will dissipate, but this is groundless. The purpose is to set off the following sentence, "Sadness is greater than death in the heart", because in the face of the above-mentioned dark phenomenon that sages are buried and villains are in high positions, poets can only "sorrow is greater than death in the heart" and never "love to kill"!
"Sorrow deeply hurts human feelings" is the emotional point of this poem, which seems hard to see. But at the end of the poem, I wrote two sentences: "Knowing mourning is useless, so it is too clear", which means that since knowing mourning is useless, it is better to learn from immortals and live in seclusion to express the poet's deeper sorrow and anger under the superficial broadmindedness. "People who worry about the sky are worried about the sky." The predecessors have long recognized this point (quoted from Chen Ruoming's words in Notes on Ruan Infantry Poetry).
Shen Deqian said: "Yong Huai, written by Ruan Gong, is a poem written by Ruan Gong. It is messy, confusing and mixed with joy and sorrow, which makes readers unable to find pleasure. If you must seek the facts of current events, you will chisel. " (The Source of Ancient Poetry, Volume 6). We believe that in order to make poetry clearer, we can ask for current events; If you can't have it, you don't need it, in case you get bored. This is the correct way to interpret poetry.