Wagner Richard Wagner (18 13- 1883)
The works of the writer's life: wandering Dutchman, famous singer in Nuremberg, Nibelungen's ring, Tang Haoshe.
Wagner's three-act opera The Wandering Dutchman was composed in 184 1 and premiered in Dresden in 1843. Wagner wrote his own play according to the seventh chapter of the German poet Heine's Memories of Schnabelevsky. The story describes the Dutch sailing on a red sailboat, and the devil punishes him for drifting all his life, and he can only go ashore once every seven years. Only by finding a woman who loves him faithfully can he be saved. Senta, the daughter of the ship D 'Alende, got to know the Dutchman from the painting, and she had a longing for him, eager to save him from going ashore. One day, the Dutchman drifted at sea for another seven years, went ashore to find a savior, was invited home by the captain, and met Senta. They fell in love at first sight, and the Dutch were glad that they were about to be saved. At this time, it happened that Eric, the hunter and former lover of Senta, came to propose marriage and reminded Senta not to forget his past vows. The Dutchman was disappointed, left Senta and ran back to the boat in frustration. Senta chased after the beach and saw the red sailboat in the distance. She was heartbroken and buried in the sea. The red sailboat also sank into the sea at this time. At the end of the play, the Dutchman and Senta solemnly appeared in the sea. They embraced in the morning light and rose to the sky.
The overture of Nuremberg famous singers is also called the overture of Nuremberg famous singers. The three-act opera The Famous Singer of Nuremberg was completed in 1867, but its overture was written as early as 1862. The script of this opera was written by Wagner himself according to a folk story in Nuremberg, Germany in the16th century. This work not only has a very special position in Wagner's opera creation, but also is one of the most famous masterpieces in the history of opera. This opera has been conceived for a long time, and its central idea has changed several times. In this process, its image and plot have been deepened. Therefore, in Wagner's later creation, this opera is very prominent.
The ring of Wagner's immortal opera in Nibelungen. This is one of Wagner's best works and one of the most influential works in the history of world opera. The Ring of Nibelungen is a play written by Wagner based on the Nordic myth Eda by the Icelandic historian Sturuson and the German folk epic Song of Nibelungen from 12 to 13, and dedicated to King Ludwig II of Bavaria. The whole opera premiered in Bayreuther on 1876. The play consists of four parts: The Gold of the Rhine, Valkyria, Siegel Ferid and Twilight of the Gods.
Wagner's three-act opera "Tang Haoshe" was written in 1842- 1845, which is called "Singing Competition between Tang Haoshe and Walter Fort". Wagner himself wrote the script according to ancient legends. The story describes that the bard Tang Haoshe fell in love with Elizabeth, the niece of Herman, the manor owner in Thuringia, but she could not resist the temptation of Venus, the goddess of love and beauty, and left Fort Walter in Thuringia to live in the villa of Cupid for a year. Later, she returned to earth bored, and Elizabeth was overjoyed. Tang Haoshe participated in the singer competition, and Herman stipulated that she must sing a hymn of love. Tang Haoshe actually praised her affair with Venus in the song, which offended God. Herman ordered Tang Haoshe to go to Rome with the pilgrims and asked the Pope for pardon. The pope claimed that if you want to pardon Tang Haoshe, unless crutches sprout. After Tang Haoshe left, Elizabeth died unexpectedly because of lovesickness. On the way back to the manor, Tang Haoshe met Elizabeth's coffin and was in great pain. Under the call of Venus, he shouted "Holy Elizabeth, please me" and knelt down beside Elizabeth and died. At this time, the pilgrims appeared with the crutches given by the Pope to Tang Haoshe, and branches and leaves grew on the crutches, indicating that Tang Haoshe's sins were forgiven. The music kicked off the ceremony with a trumpet-like ensemble. Then, the music entered the theme of elegance, which made people seem to see the parade of handsome gentlemen and dignified ladies.
Music history books call Mozart a rare genius. He died young, but left so many works. His creation covers almost all fields of music, but his most important achievement is the promotion of opera. He inherited Gluck's ideal of opera reform and went further. Unlike Gluck, Mozart advocated that "poetry must obey music". His opera has a strong musical appeal, the melody is very beautiful, smooth, natural and affectionate, and the recitation is also full of singing. Different types of music make all kinds of characters and personalities lifelike. The form of duet is regarded by Mozart as an important means to arrange dramatic conflicts and climaxes. The overture is concise and personalized, which has more internal relations with the whole play in musical nature. These important explorations have enabled Mozart to make immortal achievements in the pioneering history of German opera art, among which The Wedding of Figaro, Don Juan and The Magic Flute are the most prominent.
Symphony is also an important part of Mozart's creation. His most representative symphonies are his last three, namely E-flat major, G minor and C major. Among them, Symphony No.39 in E flat major is cheerful, bright and full of poetry. Symphony No.40 in G minor is full of drama and Haydn's optimism, but it is completely different from Haydn in technique and is called Mozart's "Hero" symphony. Symphony no 4 1 in c major (commonly called "Jupiter") is magnificent and ambitious, which indicates the emergence of Beethoven's heroic symphony. Mozart's symphonies (especially the last three) are the highest achievements of all the symphonies before Beethoven. His outstanding contribution lies in the contrast of the theme of each movement.
The last two years of Mozart's life were the most difficult economic period. He once said: "My tongue has tasted death, and my creation is still optimistic." 179165438+On February 5th, this great and elegant genius left this troubled world in the slums of Vienna.
At that time, his wife was seriously ill and there was no pocket money at home. At the age of 35, Mozart was buried in the unknown cemetery of the poor, and no relatives held a funeral for him. Weeds are hidden and rain is washed, which makes countless descendants who respect him today want to sacrifice. He regretted not completing the requiem all his life, but now the whole world is praising his genius, and his soul can really rest in peace.
Generally speaking, Mozart's creative achievements cover all fields. They reflect that at the end of18th century, the oppressed German and Austrian intellectuals got rid of the fetters of feudal absolutism and pursued a better society, light, justice and human dignity. His music style is characterized by sincerity, delicacy, popularity, elegance, lightness and elegance, and most of them are full of optimism, reflecting the upward mental state of the German and Austrian bourgeoisie in the rising period. In Vienna's later works, there are also tragic and dramatic styles, which reflect social contradictions more deeply.
Chopin's creative career can be divided into two periods, Warsaw period and Paris period, with 1830 as the boundary. In the first period, he completed the most important works of this period, Piano Concerto No.1 and Piano Concerto No.2. In the second half of his life in Paris, he had heroic works related to Poland's national liberation struggle, such as the first narrative poem in A flat major and Polish dance music, heroic works full of patriotic enthusiasm, revolutionary etudes and scherzos in B minor, tragic works mourning the fate of the motherland, sonatas in B flat minor, and many fantasies and serenades.
183 1 When I went to Paris in early September, I was shocked to hear that the uprising was suppressed by Russia and Warsaw fell. Etudes in C minor (alias Etudes of Revolution, 183 1) and Preludes in D minor (183 1) were completed at this time. The feelings of anger and grief and the art form of strict training reached a highly perfect unity, which became a masterpiece in Chopin's early music creation. The Paris period was a period when Chopin's thought and art were highly mature and his creation was in full swing. His profound national content, original artistic form and musical style make his creation perfect. Chopin established legendary honor in only thirty concerts in his whole career, which is unique in the history of piano playing. Chopin respected and inherited the tradition of classical music, but his piano skills were unique. Especially in his Mazuka and Polonaise dances, the creative use of national and folk modes, harmony and characteristic rhythm shows a real mazur's familiarity and understanding of national character, style, interest and artistic language.
Chopin was a star of European music in the19th century. His immortal works, full of poetry, shocking lyricism and dramatic power, represent the romantic music of the "golden age". At the same time, his creation has a strong Polish national temperament and emotional content, which occupies a very important position in the history of European music. On the one hand, he is famous as an outstanding representative of European romantic musicians, on the other hand, he is famous in history as the founder of European folk music school in19th century. Chopin is great because he closely integrated the romantic style and patriotic spirit of the times into his own music works.