The whole poem begins with "tenderness", "walking", "waving" and "parting from the clouds", and then uses the alternating method of reality and reality to describe a series of flowing pictures, which constitutes a wonderful artistic conception and shows in detail the poet's love for Cambridge, longing for his past life and helpless sadness at present.
This poem shows the poet's superb artistic skills. The poet combines specific scenery with imagination to form a vivid artistic image of poetry, and skillfully blends atmosphere, feelings and scenes into the artistic conception to achieve the feelings and scenes in the scene. The structure of the poem is rigorous and neat. The whole poem consists of 7 sections, each with 4 lines, forming two parallel steps; 1 and 3 lines are slightly shorter, and 2 and 4 lines are slightly longer, ranging from 6 to 8 words per line. It seems that the poet intends to combine the forms of metrical poetry and free verse, making it a new form of poetry, full of nationalization and modern architectural beauty. The language of the poem is fresh and beautiful, the rhythm is gentle and euphemistic, harmonious and natural. With the ups and downs of emotions, it is like a melodious board, light and tactfully, touching the readers' heartstrings.
In the 1920s, the poet Wen Yiduo advocated the beauty of music, painting and architecture in modern poetry. Farewell to Cambridge can be said to have three beauties, and it is the swan song in Xu Zhimo's poems.
Farewell to Cambridge is a lyric poem about scenery. What is it about? Summarized in three sentences: it is a feeling of nostalgia, farewell and sentimentality after disillusionment. It means subjective thoughts and feelings; Context is the objective scenery described in poetry. What is artistic conception? It is the perfect combination of subjective thoughts and feelings of characters and objective scenery, forming a unique artistic picture called artistic conception. Of course, we appreciate Xu Zhimo's poem just like other poems, and we need to mobilize our own life and knowledge accumulation, and then we will talk about this poem one after another.
If we analyze the poem "I left gently, just as I came gently, I waved goodbye to the clouds in the western sky", we can sum it up in a few words: slow rhythm, light movements, lingering affection, and a touch of sadness. Also, I would like to add that as a farewell to the clouds in the western sky, the rosy clouds in the western sky give us the impression that they have laid a gorgeous color for the later description, and the whole scenery is reflected by the sunset. So use this sentence to sum up and set the tone for this poem.
The golden willow by the river is the bride in the sunset, and the gorgeous shadow in the waves ripples in my heart. This poem really describes the beauty of He Kanghe. At the same time, the willow "Liu"-"Liu" in ancient poetry has the meaning of farewell, which left a deep impression on the poet, and how much care was expressed in the form of "rippling in my heart". Of course, his techniques are comparable (personification and imitation), combined with the third sentence: "The grass on the soft mud is oily and swaying at the bottom of the water; In the soft waves of Cambridge, I would like to be a water plant. " This poem highlights the quiet and free realm of Cambridge, and freedom and beauty are what Xu Zhimo pursues. At the same time, it shows a kind of love, and the water grass seems to welcome the arrival of the poet. Thirdly, I don't think it is completely divorced from the artistic conception of China's poems. And China's ancient poems have something in common, that is, the unity of things and me. The second sentence is to change the customer into the main, and the third sentence is to change the main to the customer, so that the two can be integrated and unforgettable. These two poems just illustrate the close relationship between Xu Zhimo and Cambridge. These are the three aspects we talked about earlier: determining the ideal, stepping into the world of poetry, and expressing our feelings in the wonderful scenery. The three are closely linked and express their feelings through concrete images. And we appreciate poetry from images and gradually accept the poet's mind. The fourth section is a turning point. "That pool under the shade of elm trees is not a clear spring, but a rainbow in the sky, shattered in impetuousness and precipitated a rainbow-like dream." This poem adopts the combination of reality and fiction. "Reality" is the description of scenery, and "emptiness" is the use of symbolic techniques. A pool of water is clear and the glow is reflected. "It's not a clear spring, it's a rainbow in the sky." It's a red light. It's real writing. However, there are many algae floating on the pool water, which block part of the glow and are fragmentary, some red and some green, like soft water, very vivid. This "kneading dough" is well written, and it is also the disillusionment of my dream. So how does this dream make us feel? This reminds me of a poem written by Mr. Wen Yiduo to commemorate the death of his eldest daughter. He used a metaphor "like a summer dream, like a clock in a dream". As we all know, dreams are beautiful, bells are melodious but short-lived, so rainbow-like dreams are beautiful and short-lived. 1927 His dream was shattered, and he was at odds with Lu Xiaoman, so he was depressed.
Section 5: Speaking of dreams, did you come to Cambridge and your alma mater this time to find your dreams? "Dream?" Support a long pole, slowly trace back to the greener grass, load a boat of starlight, and sing in the place where the starlight is gorgeous. "This poem is Xu Zhimo's memory and nostalgia for his past life. He lived in Cambridge at leisure for two years. At that time, he had his own ideals, lived a full life and was full of hope for tomorrow. So he used "a boat full of stars" to describe life at that time, which is symbolic.
The best poem, the third one. The past has become history, and it is still a little sad to return to reality, so "silence is to leave other voices, and summer insects are silent for me." Silence is Cambridge tonight. " This poem is the climax of emotion, which fully shows Xu Zhimo's feelings for Cambridge and focuses on the sadness of parting. This poem needs to be understood in connection with other poems, including ancient poems. "Quiet is to leave other voices" is a metaphor. For example, the description in Su Shi's Poems on Qianchibi is sad and the flute is joyful, so Xiao is used as a metaphor to illustrate the poet's mood. Therefore, the action of "silence" has the feelings of a poet, and then "summer insects are silent for me, and silence is Cambridge tonight." Poetry pays attention to conciseness. Why do you repeat "silence", "quietness" and "gentleness" over and over again? This is not a waste of language, but precisely his point of view.
In fact, "silence" is the deepest feeling of people. For example, Liu Yong's poem "Rain Circle" says that "holding hands to see tears is speechless", and Su Shi's poem "Jiangchengzi" says that "ten years of life and death are boundless". He recalled that ten years after the death of his wife Wang Fu, when they met, they "looked after each other silently and shed only a thousand tears". "Silence here is better than sound", and Li Bai's "Yellow Crane Tower Farewell to Meng Haoran in Yangzhou": "An old friend said goodbye to the West Yellow Crane Tower, and fireworks went down to Yangzhou in March". By contrast, spring is bright and flowers are in full bloom in March. Unfortunately, my friend wants to leave me. For example, "Where the petals have shed tears, the lonely bird has mourned", and the next two sentences "The lonely sail is far away and the blue sky is exhausted, only the Yangtze River flows in the sky." Meaning between words and images. "Silent, very romantic" is often used to evaluate poetry, which means that poetry doesn't say sadness, but it shows sadness most appropriately. Watching friends leave, standing in isolation for a long time shows deep feelings. For example, Wang Wei said that "all scenery words are sentimental words" and "writing scenery is lyrical". Therefore, "only looking at the Yangtze River flowing in the sky" can cause us a lot of reverie, for example, Li Yu's "how much sorrow can there be, just like a river flowing eastward". As long as it reminds us of poetry, it is a good poem, and tells us to mobilize our own knowledge accumulation to appreciate poetry, so that similar poems can be produced in our minds to understand new poems. Writing well is the refinement and sublimation of the poet's life experience. In other words, we can reach the poet's heart through the bridge of life. For example, do students who have just left their parents feel more comfortable reading Farewell to Cambridge? Why do you say "silent feelings are the deepest"? Just like an example in life, the deepest expression is that the plane and the boat are gone, but the farewell person stands still and thoughtfully. Combined with the sentence "Silence is Cambridge tonight", Cambridge is still the same. Why are poets worth it? In fact, it reflects the poet's deep feelings for Cambridge, so "quiet" carries the poet's subjective feelings.
The seventh sentence, "I left quietly, just as I came quietly, waving my sleeves and not taking away a cloud", I think "cloud" is symbolic, representing a rainbow-like dream, reflected in the water, but I can't take it away. Therefore, to bid farewell to Cambridge is not to bid farewell to his alma mater, but to bid farewell to Cambridge culture, which has brought the greatest change to his life. The above is a profound understanding of this poem.
Generally speaking, the poem Biekangqiao fully embodies the "three beauties" of the old and new poetic schools, namely, the beauty of painting, architecture and music. The beauty of music is what Xu Zhimo emphasizes most. The first sentence and the last sentence are repetitive, which strengthens the sense of rhythm, and the words overlap, such as "quiet", "gentle" and "silence". And every poem is rhymed, because the feelings have changed, so it is not a rhyme in the end. Then there is the tone scale, "I left softly", the three-character scale, the one-character scale and the two-character scale, which are in line with Xu Zhimo's lively and active character, and then rhyme. The so-called architectural beauty, one or three rows first, two or four rows second, empty strewn at random, the building has changed; In addition, one or three sentences are short and two or four sentences are long, showing visual beauty. Music is auditory, painting is visual, visual beauty and auditory beauty are integrated, and it will feel good to read. Let's talk about the beauty of painting as the beauty of words. Images such as "Golden Willow", "Soft Wave", "Xinghui", "Soft Mud" and "Qingrou" are rich in color, dynamic and feminine.
Combining the three, Xu Zhimo pursues "seeking change in the whole and seeking difference in the unevenness", showing crescent-like characteristics and personality, so I summarize it as: soft and melancholy artistic conception, fresh and elegant style.