There are only a few words.
There are two kinds of word order: small order (the order of a single word) and large order (the order before the word set). Although Preface to Song Ci is quoted by many people in chapters and sentences, few people attach importance to it. In our opinion, word order has many functions on word formation and is worth studying. This paper only makes a superficial discussion on the causes, development trend and value function of Preface to Song Ci, in order to attract people to be generous. The causes of word order and the earliest words in its classification generally have no word order except a few; Word order did not appear until the early Northern Song Dynasty. Later, the word order itself also constantly developed and changed, almost competing with words. The reasons are as follows: 1. The demand brought by the limitation of stylistic expression. Ci is a kind of "narrow and deep style" and "emotional literature". In content, it is more profound and subtle than the feelings of poetry; Formally, it is necessary to "score" and "rhyme" to facilitate singing, and it is also limited by the influence of music. This system is not convenient to explain stories, so it depends on word order to make necessary supplements and explanations. 2. The need brought by the change of word content from narrow to wide. In the Tang and Five Dynasties, the style of Ci began to flourish, and the lyricism in Ci often had typological characteristics. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the style of Ci flourished and gradually changed from lyrical typology to lyrical personalization. Typed lyrical words are often the universal theme of singing human feelings, such as always in my heart and Wandering. This kind of words can be understood by readers without word order. Personalized lyric words are mostly heartfelt words with distinct personality expressed by the author because he touches things or immediately produces feelings. Word order is often needed to explain the environment, events and causes of such words. Otherwise, it is not easy for readers to solve. 3. Influenced by the poetic order. The appearance of poetic preface has a long history. Jin Dynasty and preface his poems. Since the Tang Dynasty, the preface of poetry has flourished. Ten poems by Emperor Taizong in the Imperial Capital, namely "Preface to the Tang Dynasty"; Since then, emperors such as Xuanzong and poets such as Gao Shi, Li Bai, Du Fu, Lu Hong, Li He and Liu Yuxi have written a poem preface. The preface to poetry actually developed from the topic. For example, when Tao Qian wrote a poem, the short words were just a few words, such as "Quit drinking" and "Return to the Garden", and the long words were "Gengzi wrote two poems since mid-May", which was no different from the later independent poems. The production of word order is also similar to the preparation of poetry. Liu Yuxi made a bet on the inscription of "Recalling Jiangnan": "Harmony with Lotte's spring poems is based on" Recalling Jiangnan ",which is proof. Poetry order and word order are not enough to supplement the topic, but a natural extension of the topic. Its form is arrogant or scattered, or arrogant or scattered, and there are many similarities. It can be seen that both have the same theoretical basis in origin. The classification of word order can be roughly divided into event-related word order and situational word order (event word order and emotional word order for short) if it is divided according to the content reflected by word order. The sequence of events mainly revolves around "things", that is, objective facts; Emotional order mainly focuses on "emotion", that is, the direct expression of subjective mind or the emotional state when subject and object blend. Of course, these two word orders sometimes overlap: either things contain feelings or things are related to feelings, but there are still deviations. The sequence of events focuses on the cause and effect of events and the brief process, such as the preface to Su Wu's Dream Preface: Ten Years of Yuanfeng. On March 18, under the Yongxi Tower in Bathing State, a play called "Like a Dream" was staged. Explain the time, place, event and reason of the lyrics. Emotional order is mainly to express feelings through scenery or to tell the truth directly, focusing on the reasons and state of emotional rise when writing lyrics, and setting the tone for lyric. For example, Cao Guan wrote in the preface of "Early Summer is Coming": ... This is a sunny day, returning to Taiwan in early summer, with dense gardens, flowing waterfalls and springs, clear rhyme, beautiful mountains and full of colors. Miss the ancients and enjoy the scenery. I look back on the present and forget the past. Why do I feel strange about Lanting? The author is interested in scenery and gives words according to his feelings. The classification of word order can also be divided from the sentences it uses, and according to this, it can be divided into three categories: prose word order, arrogant word order and arrogant word order. Second, the development trend of word order The first word order in Song Dynasty is the preface of Chen Ya's "Health Chazi": "The name of the medicine is sent to Zhang Dexiang, which is loved by you." Since then, word order has developed and changed in many directions, which can be summarized as follows. The content ranges from simple to complex. Length from short to long. Chen Yazhi's preface is only eight words, which is extremely short. Later, the preface of the Yellow Crane Guide funded by Fang Zi was suddenly increased to 105, and the content was also rich (self-narrative life, official career, retirement, feelings). Although it is a special case, it is an early notice of word order from simple to complex. As soon as Su Wu came out, the production of word order became a grand view, from simple to complex. The word order after Su Wu is "long" and "rich". For example, Huang Tingjian, Zhao Jinchou,,, Lin, Xin Qiji, Jiang Kui, etc. all take writing a long sequence as their ability. Among them, Shi Hao's "Lotus Picking Dance" and "Togi Dance" have an} m sequence, and the words used are complicated. Jiaowen is the first part of a word order, and the middle word is equipped with a word order similar to the opera itself, so its words are difficult to be bound by numbers. Almost all of Lin's articles use a long sequence, and a word "enclosed" is added before the epigraph, such as "Jiang Yue with butter", which means "brewing Jiang Yue" implicitly contains the general idea of the previous article. Therefore, he often quotes predecessors' articles in full as word order, with elders reaching more than 900 words, such as "Including Qinyuanchun" and "Bai Letian Lushan Caotang"; There are more than half a hundred short people. Of course, the change from simple to complex content and from short to long length is not a process of constant acceleration, but a process of acceleration: there is a sharp change period, as mentioned above; There is also a relative delay. However, the general trend is still a process of gradual development, and gradually declined in the late Southern Song Dynasty. Styles range from simple to exquisite. Chen Ya's word order is concise and clear. Later, the longest word order in Zhang Xian was "Magnolia Inflorescence": I returned to Hangzhou from the lakeside last spring, and I remembered that the flowers in the South Garden had already bloomed, and there was a saying, "There were still flowers like plums at that time". When I return home this year, the South Garden is in full bloom, so I will reply to this word. It's still very clean and exquisite. Su Wu's word order, such as "Drunken Fuck" preface: Langdon valley, beautiful scenery, spring singing empty streams, if the alto will. The drunkard's intention is not to drink, but to listen to wine and enjoy it. Taurus in two worlds. However, Shen Zunwen, a curious scholar, travels with a slow rhythm, and the first finger is Hua Chang, but the pianist thinks it is peerless ... His narrative, scenery description, discussion and lyricism are integrated into one, which can be described as rich and beautiful. The traces of changes from vulgarity to elegance and from simplicity to beauty are clearly reflected in Su Xu's preface. After Su Yi, the pursuit of elegance and precision has become a fashion in the field of ci. For example, in Huang Shang's "Preface to the Poems of Butterfly Loves Flowers and Moon", it is written: Fuyi Acacia has a banquet to entertain guests and friends in heaven; I cherish the scenery and wait for a good wind and a good moon. The man accidentally bent three lids, but fortunately he met four. Six acts of stars are sparse and the wind is fine. ..... rich and exquisite, such as Han Fu. Another example is Li Zizheng's preface to "Reducing Ten Plums in Orchid": In the snow in Qiancun, one branch has been seen; On the edge of the hill, thousands of pieces are floating around. Send a letter from Jiangnan Spring to an old friend in Gansu. ..... The moon is shallow and the brook is bright, which arouses the poet's qingxing; As the sun sets, I feel the seclusion of travelers. * * * 3 18, which is the most elaborate thing, is simply Yongmei's arrogant prose, full of flowing beauty in the neat duality. When it comes to Ruo Fan Chengda, Xin Qiji, Jiang Kui and others, their word order is particularly beautiful, which not only loses the natural charm, but also shows the ingenuity of man-made words and sentences, which can be exquisite essays. The dependence of word order on words is from strong to weak. The word order from the beginning, even the word order of Julie and others in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, was very dependent on words, and the word order was in a vassal position of words, lacking its own unique personality. After Su Wu, after the accumulation of many poets' experience in writing word order, it developed to Xin Qiji, Jiang Cha and others in the Southern Song Dynasty, and the dependence of word order on word style was obviously weakened, even becoming a unique landscape, on an equal footing with word style. This trend continues to develop, and the style of Yuan and Ming zaju's alternation of rhyme and prose and alternation of material and white may be the inevitable result of the word order leaving the word works and moving towards its own independence. The density change of sequence frequency can be tracked. The frequency of word order refers to the proportion of word order used by a poet in his words. Generally speaking, its general trend is: from sparse to dense, seeking change in the middle, and finally from dense to sparse. If expressed in a coordinate system, it is a parabola with a downward opening. From Chen Ya to Su Wu, word order appears more and more frequently (Su Ci is almost orderly). After Su Wu and before Jiang Ban, the frequency of word order remained relatively dense and stable, but for specific writers, the situation was different. Li Zhiyi, Huang Tingjian, Zhou Zizhi, Bird or Xin Qiji and Jiang Zi have more word orders, while He Zhu, Zhou Bangyan, Ye Mengde, Li Qingzhao, Zhang Xiaoxiang and Shi Dazu have fewer word orders. After banning ginger, the order of poets became more and more detailed. From the special favor of prose preface to the glory of arrogant preface to the intersection and integration of arrogance and dispersion. The appearance of arrogant preface is obviously later than that of prose preface Ouyang Xiu's Picking Mulberry Seeds, Reading the West Lake and Lu (female)' s "Fenglou Wuti Ground" started at about the same time. Subsequently, Huang Shang, Shi Hao, Fan Chengda, Xin Qiji, Jiang Ai and others all prefaced Aowen. Among them, Fan, Xin, Jiang and others also intend to combine the prose sentence pattern with the arrogant sentence pattern perfectly, making it a vivid, fluent, elegant and rich new word order style. It has the aesthetic feeling of cadence, unevenness and mutual change. In short, the development of word order is a comprehensive dynamic process of seeking novelty, beauty and adaptability (adapting to time, people and words), which shows that although word order is not an independent style, its development still follows the general law of the development and change of general style: from simple to complex content, from simple to beautiful style, from single to diverse forms. Of course, more importantly, it shows that the development of word order is closely related to the development of words themselves. As far as the content of Ci is concerned, in the Tang, Five Dynasties and early Song Dynasty, Ci devoted itself to the love of ladies. Su He opened up the realm of Ci, washed away the charm, captured and grasped all kinds of subjects outside the individual with the heart of subject, abandoned illness, etc., and promoted the style of Su Ci and carried forward patriotism. However, in the Southern Song Dynasty, Ci became more popular. This situation determines that word order must obtain the appropriate form, so word order presents the above characteristics in the development process. From the form of expression of ci, the ci of Xiao Ling, Liu Yong and others in the Tang, Five Dynasties and the early Song Dynasty mostly used the first-person narrative, while the ci of Su, Xin and other unrestrained poets mostly used the first-person narrative. Tending to use allusions inevitably requires the word order to be synchronized with it, resulting in the frequency of word order from dense to sparse and the mood of word order from obvious to hidden. The function of word order has a development process from narrow to wide. The original word order, its function mostly stays in explaining and supplementing words; Later, with the development of word order itself, it shows its historical and aesthetic value that can not be ignored. 1. Word order plays an explanatory and supplementary role in word writing. This is not only the proper meaning in the word order problem, but also its most basic function, which provides many conveniences for readers to understand and appreciate the words. For example, Susan's alkane creek shaba: the orchid buds under the mountain are short immersed in the stream. The sand road between pine trees is clean and mud-free. At dusk, the rain is whispering. Who says there is no shortage of life, and the running water in front of the door can still move westward? Hugh will sing "oriole \ lightly reading words" with white hair, and his "flowing water can still go west" is puzzling. Read its word order: "You visit Qingquan Temple, the temple is near Lanxi, and the stream flows west." It can be relieved. It turns out that the new idea of the next movie is the product of the author's touching the scene and has an extraordinary scene, so it has an extraordinary feeling. Another example is Xin Qiji's "Eight Tones in Ganzhou": Therefore, the general came back after drinking at night, and the pavilion untied the saddle. I hate captain Bo Ling's drunkenness, but I met him in a hurry, and Tao Li was speechless. Clap the tiger mountain and ride sideways, and the stone cracks and the string trembles. Down and out, the end of the year will be idyllic. ..... If you don't look at the word order, you will feel very abrupt. Looking at the preface, we can see that it was the "Li Guang incident", which used the glasses of the ancients to block water for themselves. The above is from the perspective of word order and word formation. Judging from the content expressed by word order itself, word order has historical value and aesthetic value. 2. The historical value of word order. The so-called historical value refers to the value of using word order to study and prove historical events. Times have changed, and earth-shaking changes have taken place in ancient times today. To get the truth of ancient things, we must rely on literature. Word order has the value of this kind of historical documents in textual research of historical facts. This is because word order is basically a practical style.