Three Poems of Du Fu's Wang Yue
Du Fu once wrote three "Looking at Yue". The three poems have the same title, but their description objects, backgrounds, themes and styles are different. These three poems were written by Du Fu when he was twenty-five, forty-seven and fifty-eight. Reading them together, we can get a glimpse of Du Fu's life and mental journey in his youth, middle age and twilight.
These three poems have different backgrounds and styles. Although Wang Yue is written together, the Yue of Hope is not the same mountain.
Although the first poem "Wang Yue" belongs to the five dynasties ancient style, the whole poem is very similar to eight sentences, forty words and five rhymes, which is a new method for Du Fu to use metrical verse in ancient style poems. Written in the 24th year of Kaiyuan (AD 736). At that time, the author was about 25 years old and paid tribute to Beijing, Zhao and Chang 'an, roaming between Zhao and Qi. From "The Magnificence of Mount Tai! ? Out of Qilu, Qingfeng can still be seen. "Visible du fu's expectation is mount tai. Because "Daizong" is another name for Mount Tai.
Du Fu's second poem "Looking at Yue" belongs to seven laws. This poem was written in the first year of Gan Yuan (AD 758). At that time, the author was demoted from Zuo to Sigong of Huazhou, aged about 47. In the poem, the sentence "Xi is more ancient and Chu Zun" points out that the object of this poem is Huashan.
The third "Looking at the Moon" belongs to the Five Dynasties. It was written by Du Fu at the age of 58 in the fourth year of Dali (AD 769). At that time, the author drifted in the rivers and lakes, passing through Tanzhou to Chongzhou, and died the following year. The first sentence, "Nanyue with Pearl Birds", points out that this poem is about Mount Hengshan.
The three poems of "Looking at Yue" have different meanings and different themes, from which we can see the different mentality of Du Fu's youth, middle age and old age due to the change of fate.
The first sentence of "Looking at the Moon" chanting Mount Tai "is" what a magnificent holy mountain Mount Tai! ? That is, it shows the poet's infinite appreciation of Mount Tai. Faced with such a majestic Mount Tai, the author can't help but feel indescribable, exciting and admirable. It is the magnificence of the mountain. In Du Fu's pen, it is "vast and grey, spanning the height of Qilu and Qilu". ".Besides, Mount Tai, its majestic beauty and? The day immediately enters dawn and dusk. Is the place where the universe was created. Because Mount Tai is so great, "I was born on Tang's chest, and birds flew back and forth in front of my nervous eyes. Born on Tang's chest "can't help but arouse Tang's mind and vision. With such a world famous mountain in front of us, how can Fu, who is in his twenties, be satisfied with "seeing"? "Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that other mountains are short under the sky ... In a word, it just points out that the author wants to be extremely close. The end of the sentence not only makes the whole poem full of meaning, but also can be regarded as Du Fu's self-expectation in his youth. These two sentences show the author's ambition and magnanimity of not being afraid of difficulties, daring to reach the top and overlooking everything. Although Ben wrote about Mount Tai, it was also the author who praised the majesty of Mount Tai and wrote his own thoughts. Although there is no success at present, the author is confident that he will eventually achieve something and climb the peak. This is an ambitious work of the author when he was young.
A poem about Huashan, written by the author, is equally magnificent. However, compared with a song in my youth, this is undoubtedly a frustrated work. Because Tianbao was in a mess, the author had to return to the court in pain. Now, he was punished in Chen Tao for failing and losing his teacher, and he was convicted and demoted for resisting rescue. When the author reached middle age, except for a year of official worship to the left, he had a very difficult life. So there is also a sense of frustration in the poem. The author writes that Huashan is sublime. He says, "The mountain of Xiyue is towering, and the peaks stand like children and grandchildren." . Although the author is eager to climb the mountain, the questioning of the word "Andrew" in Andrew's Nine Legs Staff has shown that the author's wish is difficult to achieve. This is like the feeling that the author wants to serve the country, but he always has no choice but to serve the country. When the writer looked up and saw the sentence "When the car enters the valley of no way back, the arrow reaches the sky with a door", he predicted the road to climbing. However, this has never been realized, just the author's calculation when watching Yue, in order to comfort himself. The situation is just like the author's ambition, but he can only think in vain and can't do it in the world. Finally, this poem is based on "Seeking the true source of Bai Di after the west wind cools down". "As a result, the author's career is even more bumpy. The real environment is not smooth, which makes the author tired of his official career and expects to find coolness in the excitement to heal himself and hurt himself. Compared with Bai Di's residence, the top of Huashan Mountain shows the author's frustration that his ideal can't be realized.
Yong Hengshan's "Looking at Yue" was written in the author's old age, and he expressed his views from beginning to end, describing the scenery in the middle. "Nanyue Zhuniao, rank courtesy from the king. A few words about "absorbing the spirit of the territory, Hong Dong is semi-inflammatory" are written by emperors in past dynasties who set up official positions to worship Mount Hengshan. The sentence "virtue is not fragrant" has an ironic meaning, which is expressed in implicit words, urging the monarch to govern the country by virtue. Nine or twelve sentences, the author narrates that he was driven to the south by the chaos of the world, so he had the opportunity to look forward to Yue. Next, the scenery of Hengshan Mountain is written from "thirsty sunrise cliff" to "driving the wind like flying frost", which is the center of the whole article. Finally, it ends with the meaning of worshipping Yue, echoing the "rank ceremony". And the phrase "praise my emperor", Du Fu's patriotic heart, strongly penetrated between the lines. Throughout this poem "Wang Yue", the author's feelings of loyalty to the monarch and patriotism are fully revealed. Even wandering in the rivers and lakes, he still cares about state affairs and never forgets it.
Because of the different meanings of the three poems, the styles formed are also inconsistent. Mount Tai's poem "Looking at Yue" shows the idea of actively using the world, so there is "Mount Tai topping the list! ? It is vast and spans the highlands of Qi and Lu. " It gives people a magnificent feeling, and the whole poem forms a vigorous, clean and heroic style. A poem about Huashan reveals that the author is frustrated in his official career and has no way to serve the country, but there is not a word in it. We only know from Andrew's Nine-legged Staff and Seeking the True Source that this poem is euphemistic, tortuous and gloomy. In his later years, he wrote a poem about Hengshan, which is an allegory, but it is just the words "virtue is not fragrant". The scenery written is more ethereal, such as "thirsty for the sun, the boat is beside the clear light." The whole poem shows a feeling of elegance and loyalty.
From this point of view, the differences in theme and style of the three poems in Wang Yue can exactly represent Du Fu's mentality in three periods: youth, middle age and twilight. Wang Yue, a poem about Mount Tai, represents Du Fu's radiant and enterprising life in his youth. A poem about Huashan Mountain represents Du Fu's frustrated and peaceful life in middle age. Yong Hengshan's Wang Yue can represent Du Fu's life in his later years. From this, we can get a glimpse of the trajectory of Du Fu's ideological transformation. However, no matter how his mentality changes, one thing remains unchanged, and that is his loyalty and patriotism to the monarch. Du Fu wanted to contribute to the country when he was young. Although a man is not proud in middle age, he still has the idea of serving his country. In his later years, he thought he was still the monarch and court official here.
Du Fu's three poems "Looking at Yue" and reading three poems of the same name, three different mountains and three poets of different times and moods are well analyzed! I posted the original poem for everyone to see.