In drama, as early as the thirteenth century, the glory of Yuan Zaju appeared. Guan Hanqing is one of his representative figures, who wrote 70 zaju in his life. The lively and humorous comedy Save the Wind and Dust, Dou Eyuan, the case-solving drama Lu Zhailang, and the historical drama to turn the tide, etc., not only show the richness, maturity and massiness of China's plays, but also put the Tang poetry.
The unique forms of expression and artistic charm of Tang poetry and Song poetry give full play to the potential of language. It is catchy, forceful, changeable and orderly. Mao Zedong, a great man of the times, not only inherited its excellent tradition, but also pushed this art to a new peak.
In terms of novels, a "loose version" that "marked the civic style" appeared in the Song Dynasty more than a thousand years ago. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, there were two great novels, namely, The Water Margin by Shi Naian and The Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong. These two great novels have a wide range of contents and are magnificent, with more than 100 characters, enjoying world reputation.
China's modern literature, which was born, developed and gradually matured in the revolutionary storm (from the new literature in the May 4th period to the socialist literature since the founding of New China), is at the forefront of the world's progressive literature with a more advanced, reasonable and excellent new attitude. The True Story of Ah Q, Midnight, Home, Spring, Autumn, Storm, The Sun Shines on the Sanggan River, The Story of the Storm, Defending Yan 'an, Red Flag Spectrum, Hongyan, the East, Li Zicheng and the East of the Yellow River. Thunderstorm, Sunrise, Teahouse, Cai Wenji, Wu Zetian and Princess Wencheng; The poems of Guo Moruo, Ai Qing, He Jingzhi, Guo Xiaochuan, Li Ji and other poets, with the unity of revolutionary political content and perfect artistic form, have ascended the palace of world literature, weaving a more dazzling wreath for the brilliant China literature.
Throughout the 3000 years of China literature, we can see that its development has the following five characteristics:
1. In the long course of the development of China literature, the tasks and functions of literature have always been valued. Confucius in BC (5565438 BC+0 AD/font > 479) First put forward that poetry (literature) "can be promoted, observed, grouped and blamed." Your father is far away from you. He knows many names about birds, animals and plants. Cao Pi, the Wei Emperor of the Three Kingdoms, attached great importance to the writing of articles, thinking that articles could be "classics" and put forward: "The great cause of covering classics is an immortal event. "Life sometimes ends, and glory ends with the body. Both will come to an end, unlike endless articles. " Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, explained the purpose of writing poems more directly: "To be the most noble and obedient, and then to make the customs pure." In this regard, Bai Juyi said more clearly: "Articles are written in the times, and songs and poems are written in things." The discourses of ancient poets, writers and literary critics on the tasks and functions of literature had a great influence on later creative practice and literary development. Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping, on the basis of critically absorbing the reasonable elements of the propositions about the function of literature in the past dynasties, put forward a more clear and popular slogan: literature and art serve the workers, peasants and soldiers; Literature and art serve the people and socialism. Under the guidance of this thought, the literature in the Liberated Areas has made indelible achievements, and the literature in New China, especially in the new period, has achieved unprecedented development and prosperity.
2. China literature has always been an open literature, making constant progress and innovation in form and genre. For example, the development of poetry, from four-character poetry to five-character poetry and seven-character poetry, from ancient poetry to modern poetry, metrical poetry and free verse. The development of prose is from pre-Qin prose to Han Fu, parallel prose and ancient prose in the "ancient prose movement". In modern times, the types and forms of prose are really varied and colorful. Genre, from Tang poetry and Song poetry to Yuan Qu to short stories in Ming and Qing Dynasties. In a word, the development of literature for thousands of years shows that China literature is always in constant movement and constant innovation and innovation in artistic form and genre.
It should be pointed out that the Chinese nation is a highly rational nation, which can treat the innovation and revolution in literary form and genre comprehensively, dialectically and maturely. After the emergence of a new art form and genre, it does not deny the previous art form and genre, but allows various art forms and genres to compete freely. For example, after seven-character poems and seven-character quatrains occupied the main position in the field of poetry, five-character poems and four-character poems did not die out, and even today, they still exist. For another example, today when we advocate new poetry, the creation of old-style poetry is still very prosperous, and the poems "Walk with me" and "Honor" are also very thought-provoking. In the Song Dynasty, Ci occupied a major position in the field of poetry, but the poems and songs in the Song Dynasty were also very distinctive. Even today, they are neck and neck brothers and sisters.