Smoke cage cold water moon cage sand, night parking near Qinhuai restaurant.
Strong women in business don't know how to hate their country, but they still sing backyard flowers across the river.
?
Appreciation 1: Qinhuai, the Qinhuai River, originated in the northeast of Lishui, Jiangsu, and crossed Jinling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) to join the Yangtze River. From the Six Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty, the Qinhuai River in Jinling has always been a place for rich and powerful people to have fun. This poem is a masterpiece of the poet who touched the scene when he stayed at Qinhuai overnight. In the sigh of the land of the rise and fall of the Six Dynasties, there are feelings of worrying about the country and the people.
This poem is also skillful in the use of language. The first sentence is about scenery. Smoking? 、? Water? 、? Month? 、? Sand? Two o'clock? Cage? The words are connected to form a hazy and cold water night scene, which renders the atmosphere and reveals sadness in the obscurity. The second issue, with? Near the restaurant? The rich connotation of "Singing and Dancing" opens up the feeling of thinking about the past and thinking about the future. Qinhuai area was a famous amusement place during the Six Dynasties, with many restaurants. Therefore, the endless prosperity of the song and dance banquets in the past has long been included in the poet's thoughts. The last two sentences were caused by a poem "backyard flowers" I don't know how to express a poet, right, business girl? Anger also indirectly satirizes the dignitaries who don't pay attention to state affairs, that is, the rulers who lead a drunken life. ? Still singing? This word skillfully combines history and reality, drawing lessons from a bitter experience, euphemistically and profoundly. Shen Deqian, a critic in Qing Dynasty, praised this poem as? The swan song? , one? Or? This word reveals the author's critical meaning and anxiety. Guan Shiming even called it a masterpiece of the Tang Dynasty. Qinhuai River is a bustling place of singing and dancing in Jinling, the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties. The poet was boating in the middle of the night, and from the other side came the song of yushu backyard flower, a merchant girl. Listening to the voice of national subjugation, I can't help but arouse the feeling of the rise and fall of the times. The last two sentences deeply condemn the rulers who only know how to attract songs and dances, buy laughter and pursue happiness, but don't take historical scenery as a mirror. This poem is a blend of scenery and scenes, and the hazy scenery contrasts with the faint sadness in the poet's heart.
This poem is sentimental on the spot. Jinling was once the capital of the Six Dynasties, and it was prosperous for a while. Today, seeing the decline of the Tang dynasty, those in power are fatuous and dissolute, and it is inevitable to repeat the mistakes of the Six Dynasties, and feel infinite sorrow. The first sentence describes the scenery, first trying to render the elegant night by the water; Two narratives, pointing out the location of parking at night; Three or four feelings, by? Near the restaurant? Quoting the songs of business women, there are many songs in the restaurant, which is naturally free and easy; Derived from decadent songs? I don't know how to hate my country. , criticized the powerful gentry addicted to debauchery, implicit and deep; By who? Hate national subjugation? Push it out? Backyard flowers? This piece of music, from Chen Houzhu's poem, lashes the dissoluteness of the dignitaries, which is profound and sharp. These two sentences express sober feudal intellectuals' worries about state affairs, and also reflect that bureaucrats and nobles are filling their decadent and empty souls with singing and dancing, leading a drunken life, which is a portrayal of two different aspects in the real life of the decline of the late Tang Dynasty. ? Businessmen don't know how to hate their country, but they still sing "backyard flowers" across the river. ? According to legend, Flowers in the Back Garden of Yushu is a piece of music written by Chen Houzhu in the Southern Dynasties, and it is called "? Voice of national subjugation? . ? Cross the river? Thank you? Hate national subjugation? Story, refers to the Sui soldiers in Chen Shi, on the north of the river, a small court in the Southern Dynasties is in danger, but they still indulge in singing, and finally they are captured and die. Literally, these two poems seem to criticize the singer, but in fact, the poet felt the decline of state affairs and the decline of the world in the late Tang Dynasty and criticized those who were addicted to singing and dancing. I don't know the dying ruler of this country. ? Still singing? The word "two characters" is meaningful, which skillfully links history, reality and imagined future, and shows the poet's concern and anxiety about the fate of the country. This poem was written by what the poet saw, heard and felt. The language is fresh and natural, and the conception is exquisite and meticulous. The whole collection of poems consists of scenery, events, feelings and meanings in one furnace, and the scenery is set for the feelings, and the feelings follow the scenery. Chen Houzhu's famine and national subjugation allegorized the rulers of the late Tang Dynasty, implicitly expressing the poet's deep thinking about history and deep concern for reality. With deep feelings and profound implications, it is known as a masterpiece in the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty. This poem shows the poet's bitter satire on the rulers of the late Tang Dynasty and his deep concern for the fate of the country. Such rich connotations and profound themes are contained in just 28 words, each of which is concise. The language of poetry requires conciseness. Only simplicity can be implicit, and only implicit can be seen. So subtlety and exquisiteness complement each other. This poem vividly and typically shows the breath of the late Tang Dynasty in the artistic conception of scene blending, reminds people of the fate of the late Tang Dynasty from Chen Houzhu's debauchery and national subjugation, and euphemistically and implicitly expresses the poet's deep thinking on history and reality, with profound content, deep feelings, endless implications and thought-provoking.
This is an impromptu work, which reveals the decadent life of the rulers of the late Tang Dynasty by writing what they saw and heard when they stayed at Qinhuai overnight. The banks of Qinhuai River were prosperous places in the Six Dynasties, where rich and powerful people and poets indulged in debauchery and pleasure. The poet spent the night in Qinhuai, saw the feasts and heard the obscene songs and songs in the vast sand moon smoke. He couldn't help being moved by what he saw, and suddenly thought of the death of his home country. He closely combined his admiration for history with his thinking about reality, and thought about the fate of the late Tang Dynasty from Chen's decadent League of Nations. The whole poem contains feelings in the scenery, the artistic conception is sad, the feelings are deep and subtle, and the language is refined. Shen Deqian called it? The swan song? .
Appreciation 2: "Bo Qinhuai" is one of Du Mu's representative works, which is contained in "Complete Tang Poems" Volume 523. The following is the appreciation of this poem by Mr. Zhao, a professor at the College of Literature of Anhui Normal University.
Jiankang was the capital of the Six Dynasties, Qinhuai River flowed into the Yangtze River through the city, and there were many restaurants on both sides of the strait, which was the place where rich and bureaucratic literati feasted at that time. Although the capital of the Tang Dynasty was not in Jiankang, the scenery on both sides of Qinhuai River remained the same as before.
Someone said poetry? Is it particularly rare to send a good sentence? (Yan Yu's Poems on Canglang). The first sentence of this poem is very special. Those two? Cage? The handwriting is very striking. Smoke, water, moon and sand, two? Cage? The words blend together harmoniously, drawing an extremely elegant night by the water. It is so soft and quiet, but it also implies a slightly erratic state of mind. Pen and ink is so light, but it is so ethereal and cold. The first sentence? Moon, water? What about the second sentence? Stop at Qinhuai at night? It's related, so read the first sentence before reading it? Parking at night near Qinhuai restaurant? It's natural. But as far as the poet's activities are concerned, what should come first? Stop at Qinhuai at night? Can you see it? Smoke cage cold water moon cage sand? The scenery, but if you really look at it upside down, you will feel that the tablet is tasteless. The advantages of this way of writing poetry are as follows: firstly, it creates a very distinct environmental atmosphere, gives people a strong attraction, and creates an artistic effect that affects the whole body and meets the requirements of artistic expression. Secondly, one or two sentences are treated like this, just like the relationship between the picture and the inscription of a painting. When people appreciate a painting, they usually pay attention to the wonderful picture first (like? Smoke cage cold water moon cage sand? ), and then look at the inscription in the corner (this is it? Stop at Qinhuai at night? )。 Therefore, the poet's writing style is quite in line with people's artistic appreciation habits.
? Parking at night near Qinhuai restaurant? It seems mediocre, but it is worth pondering. There is a strong logical relationship in this poem. Because? Stop at Qinhuai at night? Only? Near the restaurant? . But the first four words point out the time and place for the scenery of the previous sentence, making it more personalized and typical, and taking care of poetry; The last three words open the way for the following, because? Near the restaurant? That led to it? Business girl? 、? Hate national subjugation? And then what? Backyard flowers? Thus touching the poet's feelings. So, judging from the development of poetry and the expression of emotion, this? Near the restaurant? Three words, just like starting the gate, the river will gurgle out and gush out. These seven words are a link between the preceding and the following. The whole network and the poet's meticulous and ingenious ideas can be seen here.
A businesswoman is a singer who waits on others. What they sing depends on the taste of the audience. A strong woman in business does not know the national subjugation and hate? It's a kind of curveball, really? I don't know how to hate my country. Is it an admirer in that seat? Feudal nobles, bureaucrats and gentry. The "backyard flower", namely "yushu backyard flower", is said to have been made by Chen Houzhu, a dissolute and wrong country in the Southern Dynasties. This decadent voice has made the Chen Dynasty perish. However, in this declining era, some people do not think about national affairs, but use this voice of national subjugation for fun, which can not help but make poets worry that history will repeat itself. ? Cross the river? Two words, promise? Hate national subjugation? Story, refers to the sui soldiers in Chen Shi jiangbei, a small river across the south court is in danger, and Chen Houzhu is still addicted to debauchery. ? Still singing? The word "two characters" skillfully and naturally links history, reality and imagined future, which is meaningful. ? A strong business woman doesn't know the hate of national subjugation, but also sings "backyard flower" across the river? In the graceful and brisk style, it shows spicy satire, deep sorrow and infinite emotion. Is this called? The swan song? . These two sentences express sober feudal intellectuals' worries about state affairs, and also reflect that bureaucrats and nobles are filling their decadent and empty souls with singing and dancing, leading a drunken life, which is a portrayal of two different aspects in the real life of the decline of the late Tang Dynasty.
Author's evaluation: Li Shangyin Du Sixun: Tall buildings are gentle in wind and rain, intentionally hurting spring and healing, and short wings are not as good as those of heroes. There is only Du Sixun in the world.
Biography of Talented Scholars in Tang Dynasty: Later generations commented on pastoral poetry, such as a copper pill walking on a stone bench and a fine horse falling on a slope, which means that it is round and fast and struggling.
Xuanhe Pu Shu: Pasturing is the grass, vigorous and powerful, which sets each other off in interest with its articles.
Liu Xizai: His poems? Heroic? . Read Du Mu carefully, people are like his poems, and his personality is flamboyant, like a crane dancing in the sky, delicate and elegant. [ 12]
Hu Zhenheng: Du Mu's family background is lofty, his spirit is brilliant, he has a sense of current affairs, and his writing is decent. In fact, he has a prime minister's policy. [ 13]
Dong Qichang: After I saw Yan and Liu, I had another one, Fei Qing and Du. [ 14]
Ye Yibao: Mu Zhi's calligraphy and calligraphy are flowing, which won the charm of the Six Dynasties. Zong Bo (Dong Qichang) said: After Yan and Liu, there are other famous artists such as Wen Feiqing and Du Fu. [ 15]
Liu Kezhuang Cloud:? Animal husbandry in law often contains less depression and steepness to correct the disadvantages of the times. ? ("Later Story")
Yang Shen: (Du Mu) The poet is magnificent, beautiful and elegant, especially his regular poems, in order to correct the shortcomings. [5]
Zhao Yi's "Ou Bei Shi Hua" said: Since the middle Tang Dynasty, metrical poems have prevailed, competing to discuss diseases, so they have a harmonious multi-tone and beautiful style. Du was afraid of weakness, and he created a school of arrogance and precipitousness to correct its shortcomings. Because of this, the valley is also steep and unwilling to follow the customs, which is also one of the meanings of life.
Lu You: The article on meritorious service has lost its meaning. No Country for Old Men is looking at the mountains. Jiangnan temple building can lean on, as comfortable as Du Mu.
Yang Wanli: Du Li should not turn over the whale sea, but should reward the nightshade to gather in the phoenix pool. Tao is Fan Chuan's frivolous killing, which makes thousands of families compare to thousands of poems.
Jiang Kui Yangzhou Slow: Shang Jun, Du Lang, Dou Fan Ci-poet, Pipa Fairy: Shili Yangzhou, Sansheng Du Mu, Crane's Pigeon Day. Out: Under the Red Mansion in the East Wind, who knows Sansheng Du?