The dramatist Nicolas Fernandez de Moratin (1737~ 1780) wrote some lifeless tragedies after imitating French dramatists. His son Leandro Fernandez de Moratin (1760~ 1828) seeks inspiration from Moliere's plays. His new comedy is1the best Spanish drama in the 8th century.
The most outstanding poet in this period was Juan Melendez Valdes (1754~ 18 17). Although he wrote in neoclassical style, he was a pioneer of Spanish romantic poetry. He can be compared with two other fable writers, Felix Maria de Samaniego (1745~ 180 1) and thomas de Heriat (1750 ~1).
/kloc-Another feature of Spanish literature in the 0/8th century is that it pursues rationality and is keen on preaching, so there are many philosophical works and literary comments.
Father Fejho Montenegro (1676~ 1764), an essayist, has written 8 volumes of essays and 5 volumes of letters, about learning and curiosity, advocating innovation, maintaining rationality, criticizing religious superstition and educational corruption and other social issues. Another essayist, Jose Cadmus (174 1~ 1782), imitated Montesquieu's Persian letters and wrote Moroccan letters, criticizing all aspects of Spanish society with pessimism.
The outstanding political activist and educator Gaspar Melchor de Hovey Janus (1744 ~1811) wrote poems, which marked the transition of Spanish poetry from neoclassicism to romanticism, and Spain opposed France at the beginning of19th century. This patriotic thought of striving for national independence is more fully manifested in the poems of Manuel Jose Quintana (1772~ 1857).
/kloc-The anti-French war of independence at the beginning of the 9th century promoted the development of Spanish romantic literature, but it was suppressed by the first bourgeois revolution between 1820 and 1823. Until the 1930s, cultural figures in exile in European countries returned to China, bringing back the influence of European romanticism and gradually forming a trend of thought. In terms of drama, it began with The Scenes of Venice by Francisco Martinez Delarossa (1787~ 1862). 1835, the drama Don Albaro, also known as the Power of Fate, was staged by Angel Savedra, Duke of Rivas (179 1~ 1865), which reached its climax. Other romantic dramas include Anti-feudal Poet by Antonio Garcí a Gutierrez (18 12~ 1884) and Condemning the Inquisition by Juan Eugenio Ahlsen Booth (1806 ~1.
The most outstanding romantic poet in this period was Jose de Espes (1808~ 1842). His lyric poems expressed resentment against the unjust society and protested against the monarchy and religious power. He also wrote the poetic drama The Students of Salamanca. Jose sorri lha imoral (1817 ~1893) is also a famous romantic poet and dramatist. He is good at writing legendary narrative poems, and the themes are all taken from medieval legends. His poetic drama "Don Juan Tenorio" won an award for its beautiful rhythm, and it is still a favorite play of the audience. The later romantic poets Gustavo Adolf Becker (1836~ 1870) and Rosalia Decastro (1837~ 1885) developed the style of the previous generation of romantic poets, making them more beautiful and pure.
/kloc-Spain in the 0/9th century has been in a state of desperate struggle between the bourgeoisie and feudal autocracy, and it is an era of revolutionary bonfires one after another, full of riots and turmoil. In literature, various schools are mixed and varied, and have not been fully developed. Mariano Jose de Lala (1809~ 1837) is a writer between romanticism and realism. Under the pseudonym of "Figaro", he published a large number of essays criticizing the shortcomings of the times and attacking the darkness, and also wrote many exquisite sketches describing customs. Besides Lara, there are Serafine Esteban es Calderon (1799 ~1867) and Ramon de Mesonero Romanos (1803 ~1882), the former is based on the scene of Andalusia, while the latter is based on the style of Madrid. Fernan Caballero (1796~ 1877), a female writer, thinks that "novels are not the product of imagination, but the result of observation". Seagull is the first realistic novel in Spain, which is based on the life of a folk singer. Pedro Antonio de alarcon (1833~ 189 1) is full of romanticism, and he wrote a lot of short stories on the theme of folk life, known as the triangle hat. Why are the representatives of local novelists Semaria de pereda (1833~ 1906) and Juan Valera (1824~ 1905)? The former is good at describing delicate natural scenery and eulogizing the ancient patriarchal clan system and customs in rural areas, while the latter is rigorous.
Benito Pérez Galdós (1843 ~ 1920) is an outstanding representative writer of Spanish realistic novels in the second half of the 9th century. His 46-volume masterpiece "National Anecdotes" vividly reproduces the 70-year history of Spain since the beginning of19th century. The works are full of distinctive patriotism and highlight the great role of the people in the historical process. His other novels, Sad Lady Philip and Grolli Ya, reflect the author's anti-feudal and anti-church democratic thoughts. Another realistic novelist, Clarin (1852~ 190 1), is famous for her novels The Woman in Charge and The Only Son, and her works are naturalistic. Emilia Pardo Basan (1852~ 192 1), a female novelist, explained and defended the naturalistic literary theory in the collection of literary criticism "Shocking Issues". The early works of Valencia writer Vicente Blasco Ibá?ez (1867~ 1928) have obvious naturalism tendency, showing sympathy for the oppressed and criticizing the dark society. There is Armando Palacio Valdez (1853~ 1938), whose works provide a real picture of all aspects of social life, with a relaxed and humorous style and profound implications.
Compared with novels, realistic dramas and poems are inferior. The works of the famous playwright Jose de Etchegaray (1832~ 19 16) came out, which revived the Spanish drama that had been silent for half a century. His great matchmaker made him famous. Later, Joaquin Dicenta Benedito (1863~ 19 17) published juan jose with the theme of workers' life and struggle, which initiated the road of social drama. Although realistic poetry is not prominent, it is very popular, and the representative writer is Ram De Campoamor (1817 ~1901). There is also Gaspar nunes de Arce (1834~ 1903) who is engaged in folk song creation. In terms of literary criticism, marcelino menendez I pelayo (1856~ 19 12) is the most famous. He devoted his life to literary research.