1. The God of Poetry - Su Shi, Wen Bacha - Wen Tingyun, the Old Man in Banshan - Wang Anshi, the Soul of Poetry - Du Mu, Xiao Li Du - Li Shangyin. Du Mu
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1. The God of Poetry - Su Shi
Su Shi's poems are free, fresh and vigorous, unique and unique, and he is known as the God of Poetry. Su Shi (January 8, 1037 - August 24, 1101), also known as Zizhan, Hezhong, Dongpo Jushi, was a native of Meishan, Meizhou (now Meishan City, Sichuan). He was a literary giant of the Northern Song Dynasty in China and one of the "Eight Great Scholars of the Tang and Song Dynasties". One of the "home". His poems, poems, poems, and prose are all of high achievement. He is also good at calligraphy and painting. He is a rare all-rounder in the history of Chinese literature and art. He is also one of the most outstanding people recognized for their literary and artistic attainments in China's thousands of years of history. His prose is called Ou Su together with Ouyang Xiu; his poems are called Su Huang together with Huang Tingjian, and Su Lu together with Lu You; his poetry is called Su Xin together with Xin Qiji; his paintings founded the Huzhou School of Painting. There are more than 3,900 existing poems, and representative works include "Shui Diao Ge Tou·Mid-Autumn Festival", "Chibi Fu", "Nian Nujiao·Chibi Nostalgia", etc.
2. Wen Bajia——Wen Tingyun
He has a quick mind. Every time he takes an exam, his Bajia hand becomes the eight rhyme, and people call him "Wen Bajia". Wen Tingyun (ca. 812-866) was a poet and lyricist in the Tang Dynasty. His real name is Qi, and his courtesy name is Feiqing. He was born in Qi, Taiyuan (now southeast of Qi County, Shanxi). He is rich in genius and quick in writing and thinking. Every time he enters the exam, he rhymes with the official rhyme, and the eight-pointed hand forms the eight-pointed rhyme, so he is also known as the "warm eight-pointed". However, he relied on his talent and was unruly, liked to ridicule the powerful, often violated taboos, and hated the times. Therefore, he was repeatedly cited as a Jinshi and was devalued, and he was frustrated throughout his life. Guan Zhongguozi's assistant coach. Proficient in music. Gong Shi is as famous as Li Shangyin, and was called "Wen Li" at that time. His poems are gorgeous in terms of words, colorful and exquisite, and their contents are mostly about love affairs. His artistic achievements in poetry are higher than those of other poets in the late Tang Dynasty. He is the chief poet of the "Huajian School" and has a greater influence on the development of poetry. In the history of Ci, he is as famous as Wei Zhuang and is also called "Wen Wei". There are more than seventy poems in existence. Later generations compiled "Wen Feiqing Collection" and "Jin Lian Collection".
3. The Old Man of Banshan——Wang Anshi
Wang Anshi (December 18, 1021 - May 21, 1086), named Jiefu, nicknamed Banshan, Han nationality, Linchuan ( A native of Linchuan District, Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province today, he was a famous thinker, politician, writer and reformer in the Northern Song Dynasty. In the second year of Qingli (1042), Wang Anshi became a Jinshi. He has successively served as Yangzhou signing magistrate, Yinxian county magistrate, Shuzhou general magistrate, etc., with remarkable political achievements. In the second year of Xining (1069), he was appointed as the governor of political affairs. The following year, he became the prime minister and presided over the reform. Due to opposition from the conservative faction, Xi was dismissed as prime minister in the seventh year of Xining's reign (1074). A year later, Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty took up the post again, then dismissed him and retreated to Jiangning. In the first year of Yuanyou (1086), the conservatives gained power and all new laws were abolished. Yu Ran died of illness in Zhongshan (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) and was given to the Taifu. In the first year of Shaosheng (1094), he received the posthumous title "Wen" and was called Wang Wengong in his later life. Wang Anshi devoted himself to the study of Confucian classics and wrote books. He was known as a "Tongru Confucian" and created "Jinggong New Learning", which promoted the formation of the ancient style of study in the Song Dynasty. Philosophically, the use of the "Five Elements Theory" to explain the formation of the universe has enriched and developed ancient Chinese simple materialist thought; its philosophical proposition "new and old are eliminated" has pushed ancient Chinese dialectics to a new height.
Wang Anshi has made outstanding achievements in literature. His prose has clear arguments, strict logic, and strong persuasiveness, giving full play to the practical function of ancient prose; his essays are concise, sharp, short and concise, and he is ranked among the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". His poems "learned from Du's thinness and toughness", and he was good at reasoning and rhetoric. In his later years, his poetry style was implicit, deep, profound and unobtrusive. His style of richness, spirit and far-reaching rhyme made him unique in the poetry circle of the Northern Song Dynasty, and he was known as "Wang Jinggong style" in the world. There are "Wang Linchuan Collection", "Linchuan Collection Supplements" and so on.
4. The soul of poetry - Du Mu
Du Mu (803-about 852), courtesy name Muzhi, alias Fanchuan Jushi, Han nationality, born in Beijing (today's Xi'an, Shaanxi) people. Du Mu was an outstanding poet and essayist in the Tang Dynasty. He was the grandson of Prime Minister Du You and the son of Du Congyu. In the second year of Emperor Wenzong of the Tang Dynasty, he was awarded Jinshi at the age of 26 and was awarded the title of School Secretary of Hongwen Hall. Later, he went to Jiangxi to observe the envoys, transferred to Huainan Jiedu, and then joined the observation envoys. He was in charge of the compilation of the National History Museum, served as a member of the Ministry of Food, Bibu, Si Xunyuanwailang, and the governor of Huangzhou, Chizhou, and Muzhou.
Because he lived in the Fanchuan Villa in South Chang'an in his later years, he was later called "Du Fanchuan" and wrote "Collected Works of Fanchuan". Du Mu's poems are famous for their seven-character quatrains. The content is mainly about chanting history and expressing feelings. His poems are handsome and full of historical things. He achieved great success in the late Tang Dynasty. Du Mu was called "Little Du" to distinguish him from Du Fu, "Big Du". Together with Li Shangyin, he is called "Little Li Du".
5. Xiao Li Du - Li Shangyin. Du Mu
Li Shangyin (about 813-about 858), named Yishan, also named Yuxi (Xi) Sheng, also named Fan Nansheng, his native place Huaizhou Hanoi (now Qinyang, Henan), his ancestors moved to Xingyang (now Xingyang City, Zhengzhou, Henan). A famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty.
In the second year of Emperor Wenzong's reign (837), Li Shangyin became a Jinshi and served as Secretary, Provincial Secretary, Hongnong Wei, etc. Because he was involved in the political whirlpool of the "Niu-Li Party Controversy", he was marginalized and struggled throughout his life. In the late Dazhong year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (about 858), Li Shangyin died of illness in Zhengzhou. After his death, he was buried at the foot of Qinghua Beishan in the east of his ancestral home, Yongdian, Huaizhou (now Wangzhuang Town, Qinyangshan Mountain). Li Shangyin was one of the few poets in the late Tang Dynasty and even the entire Tang Dynasty who deliberately pursued poetic beauty.
He is good at poetry writing, and his parallel prose has high literary value. Together with Du Mu, he is known as "Xiao Li Du", and with Wen Tingyun, he is known as "Wen Li". His poems are novel in conception and beautiful in style, especially some love poems and untitled poems, which are sentimental, beautiful and moving, and are widely read. However, some poems are too obscure and difficult to understand. There is a saying that "poets always love Xikun and hate that no one writes Zheng Jian."
The Old Man in Banshan (Song Dynasty. Wang Anshi)
The Soul of Poetry (Du Mu) Xiao Li Du (Li Shangyin. Du Mu)