Nobel Prize in Literature
It is considered to be the most famous, authoritative and influential literary prize in the world and enjoys a high reputation in the global literary world. Winning the Nobel Prize in Literature is the lifelong dream and pursuit of many writers. It is a great honor for a writer to win this award.
Nobel Prize in Literature is one of the five awards mentioned in alfred nobel's will. In his will, he said that part of the prize should be awarded to "those who have created the best works with ideal tendencies in the literary world". The awarding unit of the literature prize is the Swedish Academy Literature Prize.
The first literary prize was awarded in 190 1 year, and the winner was French poet sully prudhomme. Famous writers in history, such as Roman Roland, Bernard Shaw and Hemingway, have won this honor. Among the 96 award-winning writers, 73 are European writers, 65,438+00 are American writers, 5 are Central and South American writers, 4 are Asian writers, 3 are African writers and 65,438+0 are Australian writers. 1999, after the German writer Gü nter Grass won the literary prize, his works such as Tin Drum increased greatly in China.
The Nobel Prize in Science is showing its authority more and more, which rarely causes controversy. However, the literature prize and the peace prize are easy to cause differences of opinion because of their particularity. Among these awards, perhaps the literary prize is the most concerned by China people. The nominations of Li Ao, Ba Jin and Wang Meng were heated up, but the hot list selected by foreign media did not appear as scheduled. The Nobel Prize is called an indelible regret of China's intellectual circles. Only Tagore of India, Yasunari Kawabata and Kenzaburo Oe of Japan and Agnon of Israel have won the Nobel Prize in Literature in Asia.
Foreign literature prize
National book award
The award is sponsored annually by the National Book Foundation, a non-profit organization. There are four awards: Best Novel Award, Best Non-fiction Award, Best Poetry Award and Best Juvenile Literature Award, and a special medal of honor. It is the most important literary prize in the United States, and the award ceremony is an annual event in the American literary world.
American Pulitzer Prize
The Pulitzer Prize (19 17) was founded by Pulitzer, an American newspaper publisher, at Columbia University to reward people who have made outstanding contributions to American news, literature, drama and music. The literary awards of this award include novel award, performance script award, American history award, biography and autobiography award, poetry and popular non-fiction award. Awarded every spring.
British Booker prize
Booker Prize is one of the major literary prizes in Britain. Once a year, the best novel published in that year is awarded.
France gonggur literature prize
The Gonggur Prize for Literature was established in France on 1903. As early as 1874, the French writer Edmund Goncourt (1822- 1896) stipulated in his will that his legacy should be used as a fund in memory of his younger brother Jules de Goncourt (1830- 1870). Its influence in the French literary world is very important. As long as it is a novel that won the Gongur Prize, the French are willing to pay with their eyes closed.
Japan Akutagawa Award and Naoki Award
Since 1935, the Akutagawa Prize and Naoki Prize have been created by the Literature and Art Chunqiu Publishing Company in Japan to commemorate two famous writers, Ryunosuke Akutagawa and Naoki 35. These two awards are important literary awards in Japan, which are mainly awarded to newcomers in Japanese literary circles.
China's current major literary awards.
Luxun literature prize
The establishment of the Lu Xun Literature Award encourages the creation of China's excellent short stories, reportage, poems, essays, essays, literary theories and critical works, and encourages the translation of outstanding Chinese and foreign literary works. Sponsored by the Chinese Writers Association, it is one of the highest literary awards in China. Lu Xun Literature Award is selected every two years.
Mao Dun Literature Awards
The Mao Dun Literature Award was sponsored by the Chinese Writers Association, and was established at 198 1 to encourage the creation of excellent novels according to the wishes of the famous writer Mao Dun before his death. It is one of the highest literary awards in China. Mao Dun Literature Award is selected every four years.
Laoshe literature prize
Lao She Literature Award is the highest prize in Beijing literature and art sponsored by Beijing Federation of Literary and Art Circles and Lao She Literature and Art Foundation, which is used to reward the creation of Beijing-born writers and outstanding works published in Beijing. Awards include novels, novellas, drama scripts, movies, TV dramas and radio dramas.
Feng Mu Prize for Literature
Mainly to encourage newcomers, once a year, with three awards: 1. Young critic award; 2. Literary Newcomer Award; 3. Military Literature Creation Award. These three awards mainly focus on young and middle-aged writers and critics.
Spring literature prize
In June 5438 +2000 10, the famous writer Wang Meng donated the 654.38+10,000 yuan prize he won in the first "Contemporary Literature Gathering" to People's Literature Publishing House, and proposed to establish a literary newcomer award under 30 years old, that is, the Spring Literature Award. This award is awarded annually to a young writer under the age of 30 who has made outstanding achievements in literary creation.
Zhuang Chongwen literature prize
Zhuang Chongwen Literature Award is a youth literature award sponsored by China Literature Foundation, which was initiated and funded by a famous Hong Kong person, Mr. Zhuang Chongwen, on 1987. It is mainly used to reward young writers and outstanding young literary publications who have made outstanding achievements in literary creation and literary criticism.