Climbing the Mountain in Nine Days in Tang Dynasty: Li Bai
Yuan Ming will return, not to the world.
I even eat grass in this state because there is nothing in the cup.
Laugh at the chrysanthemum because of recruiting people in white.
I am not proud to come, but I am not proud of it either.
The title and He Junfa went out of the south of the city.
Building soil by the sound of mountains, overlooking the water.
The name of the conference semifinals is Jade Emperor, and Yue Nv plays Frost Silk.
As the king of England, you can't see music.
The red carp has a high piano and the white turtle has a phoenix instrument.
Lingxian seems to know each other from a distance.
How many people are there today?
Cangzhou has broken its promise and is still waiting tomorrow.
Even the mountains are like stormy waves, piling up the sea.
Yangmei waved four seats, which one do you know?
Song Qi is clear, but the dance is uneven.
Guests disperse with the fallen leaves, and hats blow with the autumn wind.
Don't go to this stop in the future. What I want to say is Sauvignon Blanc.
Annotation of works
(1) The Book of Jin: Du You was appointed as the county magistrate by Peng. Li Bai said, "You should watch it with a tape." Qian sighed and said, "Five measures of rice, I can't bend my back. Boxing is for the villagers. " That is, when it was printed in the county, it was assigned to "going back and forth". Wang Hong, the secretariat, came to Linzhou with Yuanxi, and it was already very late. Later, I made my own mistakes, and then I said, "I have a bad nature." I have nothing to do because I am ill. Fortunately, I am impure and eager to admire my voice. How dare I be proud of the princes! " When Hiro was waiting for him, he knew that he was going to Lushan Mountain, but he sent his old friend Pang Tong and others to have a drink, which was halfway. When you meet wine, you will attract your attention to the wild pavilion and will happily forget it. When Hong heard about it, you celebrated Poverty Day. Hou Hong wants to see him, so he needs to meet him in Linze. As for the lack of wine and rice, he also needs it.
(2) Tao Yuanming's poem: "Heaven is so good that it is in the cup."
2. Praise Tao Yuanming's famous sentence "Reading Tao Yuanming's Poems"
Year: Song Author: Li Fu
Deep talent is high, and poetry is the most scattered. Correct the first thing, donate the last thing, and stride towards the distant.
If it doesn't belong to the other party at first, watch it again. In the vast and idle silence, curiosity is high.
All the speeches are praise, and the traitors are terrible. Although it's a cloud, Zhen Feng is in Pinglian.
Hundreds of years ago, everything was shameful. Taste the dust and feel angry.
I can afford to travel from top to top.
Ode to Tao Yuanming
Year: Tang Author: Yan Zhenqing
Zhang Liangsi reported to the DPRK, and Gong Sheng was ashamed. The sniper refused and gave birth to a sorrowful gentleman.
Alas, Tao Yuanming, Ye Yi was a minister in the Jin Dynasty. Since the public phase, each Huai Zong Guo Tun.
The title poem Gengzi is years old and calls himself Emperor Xi. Holding a mountain and sea sutra, wearing a wine towel.
Xing chasing lonely clouds, the heart disappears with birds.
One hundred miscellaneous poems by Tao Yuanming
Year: Song Author: Liu Kezhuang
If you build a knee, you will be relieved. It is better to be a foot soldier in the book than to send a slave to North Korea.
Tao Yuanming
Year: Song Author:
Yi Xiding sent slaves lightly and returned to the official feelings of Xi. He wrote a special book in Chu Shi.
Tao Yuanming
Year: Song Author: Ye Yin
It was Du You who called back. Dongli has always been very romantic. White clothes have not yet arrived in autumn, and it has been recorded that the public field has not been planted.
Tao Yuanming
Year: Ming Author:
Yuan Ming killed Peng Ze and asked for five dou meters a month. It's really ugly to bend over and float the name.
Phoenix doesn't peck millet, so it won't bite chicken. Seeing the leisurely appearance of Nanshan, I threw a ribbon in my arms.
There are several chrysanthemums by the fence and five willows outside the door. Drink in a cup without a towel on your head.
3. Describe Tao Yuanming's poem 1 Li Bai's play for Zheng Liyang.
Ling Tao is drunk every day, and I don't know what to do.
Su Qin has no strings. You pour the wine with a towel.
Under the breezy north window, I call myself Emperor Xi.
When I reach Chestnut, I will meet my whole life.
2 Meng Haoran's Summer Return to Hannan to Send Old Beijing Tour'
Appreciate the biography of the earth,
Best Tao Zhengjun,
My eyes are full of pastoral interest,
The emperor who calls himself Xi.
3 Bai Juyi's Sixteen Little Potters:
Sir, after a long separation, there is a legacy of paper and ink.
Advise me to drink one cup after another, and there is nothing to say.
I come from the boss and admire him very much.
Others can't reach it, and the effect is drunk.
4. What are the original works and translations of Tao Yuanming's poems?
[Original]
Less is not suitable for rhyme, sex autumn mountain.
I sneaked into the official career network and have been away from the game for more than ten years.
Birds in cages are often attached to the forests of the past, and fish in ponds yearn for the abyss of the past.
I want to open up wasteland in Minamino and keep my humility to the fields.
The house is surrounded by about ten acres of land, thatched cottages.
Willow trees cover the eaves, and peach trees cover Li Lieman in front of the hospital.
The neighboring village of the neighboring village is faintly visible, and there is smoke in the village.
Several dogs barked in the alley, and the mulberry tree was barked by a rooster.
There is no dust and sundries in the yard, and the quiet room is comfortable and leisurely.
Trapped in a cage without freedom for a long time, I finally returned to the forest today.
translate
I have never appealed to the secular temperament since I was a child, and my personality is like Shan Ye.
It's been thirteen years since I fell into the human trap and left.
Birds in cages are attached to the Woods where they lived, and fish in ponds miss the deep pools where they lived.
Go to southern vilen to open up wasteland, and go home to farm and go to the countryside according to your foolish idea.
There are more than ten acres of land around the house, and there are eight or nine thatched houses.
Elms and willows cover the back eaves, and peach trees and plum trees stand in front of the hall.
In the distance, the residential villages are faintly visible, and the smoke on the trees flutters gently with the wind.
Dogs bark in deep alleys, and mulberry trees crow.
There are no worldly chores in the door, and there is plenty of free time in the empty room.
Trapped in a cage for a long time, now I can finally return to nature.
Two Movements-Tao Yuanming
one
I wanted to live in Nancun yesterday, not for Butch's house.
People who know more are happy and enjoy the morning and evening.
I have been pregnant with this for several years, and today I am our service.
Why do you need a wide bed?
Neighboring songs come from time to time, and the word resistance is a thing of the past.
Appreciation of strange pens
[translation]
I used to want to live in Nancun.
Not to choose a house.
I heard that pure supplement was introduced here.
Happiness and friendship * * * seize the day.
I've been thinking about it for a long time,
I moved to Nancun today.
Why should a simple room be spacious?
It is enough to cover the bed by wishing.
Neighbors often associate,
Talk frankly about the past.
Wonderful articles are the same as appreciation.
Analysis of difficult problems.
Secondly,
There are many beautiful days in spring and autumn, and new poems are written on the mountain.
Call each other when you pass the door, and consider wine when you have it.
Farming belongs to one's own family, and leisure belongs to acacia.
Acacia cuts clothes and laughs endlessly.
This reason is like doing nothing and suddenly coming here.
Eat and wear well, and try not to be bullied by me.
[translation]
Spring and autumn are long and sunny,
Climb the mountain, enjoy the scenery and sing new poems.
Calling at the door,
If there is wine, everyone will drink it.
Going home during the busy farming season,
Whenever I am free, I miss you.
Acacia put on clothes to visit,
When you are full of laughter.
Isn't this feeling wonderful?
Never throw it away easily.
Food and clothing must be taken care of by yourself.
Plowing the land is not in vain.
I have no time to write an essay praising Tao Yuanming. I found two articles on the Internet: Tao Yuanming and Chrysanthemum. Chrysanthemums in full bloom can be seen everywhere in autumn.
When people appreciate chrysanthemum, they always think of Tao Yuanming's love for chrysanthemum and that it is one of the four gentlemen in flowers. Chrysanthemum is a native flower in China with a long history of planting. There is a record that "chrysanthemums have yellow flowers" in the Moon Order.
Qu Yuan wrote in Lisao: "Drink Mulan Dew in the morning, and have autumn chrysanthemums in the evening." It is believed that Qiuju, like Mulan, is a noble flower, which makes people live longer, so as to make great things in time and establish a good reputation.
During the Han and Wei Dynasties, people were very interested in chrysanthemums, because they thought that eating chrysanthemums often could lead to a long life. Han? According to Shao's Custom Meaning, there is a place called Gangu in the northwest of neixiang county. There are large chrysanthemums in the upper reaches of the stream, and there is chrysanthemum liquid in the water. More than 30 families in the valley have been drinking this stream for a long time. Those who live long are 120, 30 years old, and those who are young are 70 or 80 years old.
Western Jin Dynasty? Ge Hong's Miscellaneous Notes on Xijing also recorded the habit of eating chrysanthemum wine in the palace in the early Han Dynasty: the chrysanthemum was first picked and mashed with millet to make wine, and it didn't bloom until the second year of Chongyang. In his letter to Minister Zhong You, Xelloss talked about chrysanthemum, saying that only this kind of flower grows luxuriantly in autumn, which shows that it absorbs the true qi of heaven and earth, and nothing can prolong life better than this herb. He also sent someone to send a bunch of chrysanthemums to Zhong You.
In the Jin Dynasty, it was very common for chrysanthemum to enter wine. Pan Yue's "Ode to Autumn Chrysanthemum" said: "English floats in the green village, like duckweed drifting with the tide."
Tao Yuanming planted many chrysanthemums and often picked them to make wine. He wrote in the fifth part of Drinking: "Autumn chrysanthemum is lewd, and its dew shows its beauty.
This carefree thing is far away from me. It is believed that drinking chrysanthemum wine can not only "eliminate all worries", but also "control aging". Therefore, drinking and writing poems have become two hobbies of Tao Yuanming's seclusion.
Because of poverty, sometimes there is no wine to drink, Tao Yuanming eats chrysanthemums to satisfy his addiction to cigarettes. In the preface of "Nine Days Leisure", he tells himself this way: "I am idle, love the name of nine years, autumn chrysanthemums are full of gardens, but I don't want to take wine, and my hands are empty." Jiuhua, flower of 99, chrysanthemum.
The history book Song Shu? The story of seclusion also records that Tao Yuanming sat among chrysanthemums for a long time without drinking on September 9; Wang Hong, the secretariat of Jiangzhou, sent someone to deliver wine. He told the story that "even if you think about it, you will be drunk". Tao Yuanming loves chrysanthemums, which is unique in that he not only sees the medicinal value of chrysanthemums, but also pays attention to their aesthetic value, and gives them the meaning of personality.
"Fang Ju Lin Yao, pine crown rock column. With this beauty, it is outstanding for the cream. "
This is a poem in his main work River Country. The first two sentences describe the external beauty of the pine chrysanthemum: the chrysanthemum is in full bloom and the fragrance is overflowing, and the Woods add luster to it; On the high hill, pine trees stand upright and line up to meet the autumn wind.
The last two sentences show the inner beauty of Songju: their firm and beautiful posture is really a frost hero. The aesthetic characteristics of beauty, firmness and fearlessness in a secluded house are written in both form and spirit, as if they were in front of us.
Yuan Ming praised the spirit of Song drama for something. The main book of the Republic of China was written around the first year of Emperor Yuan Xing of Jin 'an (402). At that time, the author was about 38 years old and lived at home because of his mother's death.
During this period, Jiangzhou secretariat Huan Xuan crusaded against Sima Yuan Xian, the official department minister, and transferred soldiers to invade the capital to take charge of the court. In the second year, Huan Xuan usurped the throne and changed his title to "Chu". All this made Tao Yuanming very disappointed with politics and had the idea of seclusion.
He wrote "Returning to Mao Suichun and Looking Back on Tian She" (the second), saying: "Long song covers Chai Men and talks about it as an acre of people." The poem "Stay at a respectful distance from your brother" also says: "Under the tomb door, you are isolated from the world.
It's a mistake to work late if you can't help it. Therefore, in his reconciliation poem with Guo Zhuben, Tao Yuanming expressed his elegant and incorruptible character and moral integrity with the spirit of singing Songju, which endowed Chrysanthemum with the personality of "gentleman".
Since then, Yuan Ming has always engraved the indomitable and fearless spirit of Song Ju on his body to inspire himself. Although he is eager to make contributions, he will never go with the flow. He would rather resign and return to the field to live a plain and real life than "hunch over a bucket of rice".
When he resigned from the Pengze County Order and returned to his hometown, what he wanted most was to "welcome child servants and treat children." The three paths are barren, and the pine chrysanthemum still exists. "
It can be seen that the people who loved chrysanthemum the most and knew chrysanthemum the most in Jin Dynasty were the late Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty. Tao Yuanming has elegant taste. He not only loves pines and chrysanthemums, but also appreciates orchids, willows, bamboos and plum blossoms.
For example, he wrote the elegance of orchids: "The orchids grow in the vestibule, and the fragrance is the breeze." (Drinking) He is full of vitality: "The orchid under the glorious window is the willow in front of the secret hall."
(Antique) "Liu Yuyin's back eaves are in Luo tang qian." ("Returning to the Garden") He rewarded plum blossoms with proud snow and frost: "The snow and snow sent me more luck, so it's okay to be safe.
Liu Mei's family, a good flower. Tao Yuanming lives in a quiet and beautiful nature, which is quite satisfying and comfortable.
He said, "I'll be there sooner or later, and I'll tell you." Anthers are divided, and forests and bamboos are like flies.
Qing Qin lying on the bed, half a pot of turbid wine. Don't catch Huang Tang, I'm alone. "
(Time Series) added: "Xia Meng is rich in vegetation and surrounded by trees. Birds seem to be satisfied with their food. I love my thatched cottage.
After farm work, I often come back to read my favorite books. "("Reading Shan Hai Jing ") He gave himself the nickname" Mr.56 ".
The spirituality of flowers, birds and trees inspired Tao Yuanming's creation, and Tao Yuanming gave them beautiful poems! Tao poetry is light and natural, as beautiful and elegant as chrysanthemum; The poet's pursuit of freedom is as fearless as chrysanthemum; His life path is as open and affectionate as a chrysanthemum. Si Kongtu's poems advocate the elegant style of "people are as light as chrysanthemums". In fact, isn't this related to the plain and true attitude towards life? Gong Zizhen can be said to be Tao Yuanming's bosom friend. His "Jihai Miscellaneous Poems" said: "Tao Qian is like Wolong Hao and Xunyang is tall."
Still dashing in the plain, it really tells the whole picture of Tao Yuanming's character. Tao Yuanming's love for chrysanthemums is well known.
"Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence and seeing Nanshan leisurely" has become a swan song throughout the ages. Plant chrysanthemums in the yard and enjoy chrysanthemums in the mountains. He even named his little daughter Aiku.
On leisure days, I sit under a pine tree and drink and enjoy flowers. In times of crisis, you will enter the chrysanthemum garden, forget the anxiety of life in the chrysanthemum, and enter the ethereal realm of "wanting to distinguish and forget words".
There are many descriptions of chrysanthemums in his poems, such as "picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely seeing Nanshan" and "three paths are barren."
6. Some poets once praised Tao Yuanming's ancestor, the hermit poet, and mentioned "Wei and Jin demeanor". The elegance of ancient literati is really fascinating. Tao Yuanming is a recluse poet. His body is full of ancient intellectuals' belief in pursuing individual values, which stirs up the profound connotation of the blending of Confucianism and Taoism. He is the most thorough practitioner of the creed of "helping the world for the purpose", and "poverty is an eternal model of noble behavior of literati" Only by knowing Tao Yuanming can we truly understand China literati and appreciate their three tastes of "lofty". Seclusion, also known as seclusion, is a fashion for ancient celebrities to pursue "lofty". The fundamental reason can be roughly attributed to Confucianism's "being alone" and Taoism's "returning to simplicity", and the wind of seclusion is very strong. Famous academicians such as the Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest and Xie 'an of Dongshan have always been talked about by later scholars. Tao Yuanming is the only one among many hermits. He was called "Mr. Jingjie" for his lofty sentiments and lofty aspirations, and won wide acclaim from later generations. Zhu once commented: "Although the figures in the late Jin Dynasty were lofty, they all wanted official positions. Here, they talk openly. This is higher than the figures in the Jin and Song Dynasties. " Tao Yuanming insisted on "striving for poverty" all his life, which had a great influence on later generations in terms of thought and literature and art, and was known as "the Sect of hermits and poets in ancient and modern times". Tao Yuanming (AD 365-427), with a distinctive personality, changed his name to "Qian" in his later years. He was born in Xunyang Chaisang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) and Xingning III of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Tao Kan was a magistrate of Changsha prefecture, his grandfather Tao Mao was the satrap of Wuchang, and his father was the satrap of Ancheng. However, Tao Yuanming lost his father at the age of 8, his mother at the age of 65, and his family fortune declined rapidly. As a teenager, Tao Yuanming was extremely diligent in reading. His grandfather Meng Jia, the official residence "advised him to study". Under the guidance of Meng Jia, he read a lot of books, especially. Swim in the Six Classics ". Through poetry, it is not difficult to imagine his distraction and devotion in reading. Under the influence of Confucianism, he established the idea of actively managing the world and great political ambition. The fifth poem of Miscellaneous Poems shows the heroic realm of "aspiring to the four seas and thinking far away". However, he still can't completely give up this political ideal. In Miscellaneous Poem No.2, he once profoundly conveyed his inner turmoil and anger: "The sun and the moon can't get along well if they abandon people. It's sad to read here, but they won't be quiet in the end. " It can be seen that even in his later years, he is still worried about "not getting well." Tao Yuanming pointed out in his masterpiece "Preface to Hermit" that there are many reasons why Tao Yuanming gradually formed his hermit thought. The first is the politics of the times. Tao Yuanming was born in troubled times. His life has experienced three generations and ten emperors, and the society is in an unprecedented dark period of great division and turmoil. In such a society, it is difficult for Tao Yuanming to realize his ideal of running the world. During the Jin and Song Dynasties, the aristocratic family system was implemented. Politics is extremely decadent. The clan system of aristocratic families originated in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and was formed in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Cao Pi, Emperor Wen of Wei, usurped the Han Dynasty and promoted the "Nine-grade Zhong political system", which laid the foundation of the aristocratic family system. Zhong Zheng officials only pay attention to family conditions, not rural discussions. After the establishment of the Jin Dynasty, Sima continued to implement this policy and gradually formed a hereditary situation of "public and public, noble and noble". Different people sit in * * *. Imperial power cannot be completely controlled by the great power and arrogance of the gentry. When the Jin Dynasty was in power, Tu and Shi Chong fought for power and profit. Shi Chong dismissed a coral tree more than two feet high and broke it, which reflected the luxury and supreme status of the gentry from one side. Under the control of the gentry bureaucrats, it is difficult for people born in poverty in cloth to have the opportunity to be an official or promoted. At that time, a celebrity and avant-garde Li Mi once lamented that "it is better to go back to the fields when there is no one in North Korea". Although Tao Yuanming's ancestors were senior officials, he still belonged to the common people, and his family was poor, so he was always discriminated against in officialdom. From the age of 29 to 4 1 year, he traveled 13 years. The second time was in Longan for four years (AD 400) and worked as an assistant in Huan Xuan. For the third time, in the third year of Yuanxing (AD 404), he joined the army under Emperor Wu of Song; The fourth time was in the first year (AD 405), when he joined the army of Jianwei General Liu. In the autumn of the same year, he went to war for the fifth time as Peng. Soon, he took off his robe and retired. These five times, his working hours totaled only four or five years, and his positions were all small officials such as joining the army and county magistrate, which was impossible to achieve. That's why he retired, and he kept repeating it. During this period, Tao Yuanming's thoughts on "managing the world" changed repeatedly until his political ideal was completely shattered. Secondly, his education and personal character are also important factors contributing to his retirement. Tao Kan, Tao Yuanming's great grandfather, was a wise minister, famous for his integrity. They are also indifferent to fame and fortune. Tao Yuanming wrote many poems to praise his noble character: "When you have finished your work, you must resign, and if you are near, you will not be coquettish." "Behavior is intolerable, words are proud, and actions are far away. "All these show his sincere praise for the noble personality of my ancestors. The influence of my family has played a great role in the cultivation of his lofty and distant character. And his fragile psychological quality are also one of the reasons that lead him to wander back and forth between official and seclusion. For example, at the beginning of Huan Xuan and Emperor Wu of Song's administration, he was ambitious, so he became an official with high hopes, but both of them quickly resigned in disappointment, showing his scholar-like impulsive personality. Finally, he worked for Peng for 80 days because.