The theme of the epic is to praise the heroes of the clan society, so as long as they represent the ideals of the clan, no matter which side of the war they belong to, they are among the heroes. The tone of Iliad regards war as a just, reasonable and great cause, but at the same time it depicts the cruelty of war, the disaster it brings to the people, the people's war-weariness and anti-war sentiment, and vaguely expresses the condemnation of war through the tragic ending of heroes. The Odyssey is a tribute to the brave, witty, strong and optimistic spirit shown by heroes in their struggle with nature and society.
Homer's epic is the social history and custom history during the transition from ancient Greek clan society to slavery, which has important values in history, geography, archaeology and folklore. This epic also shows humanism and affirms human dignity, value and strength. This is the artistic creation of human childhood, which inevitably has ideological and artistic limitations.