The first paragraph is a summary, explaining the reasons for the long journey. The keynote is the first two sentences: "I feel sad because of the customs, and I am willing to travel easily."
Full of grief and indignation at the persecution of the evil court, I had to travel far away. Where to travel? "Riding the wind and floating in the sky" is a fairy world that people admire.
The second paragraph describes the mood of travelers, reciting "sorrow increases with sorrow" and "the principle of seeking justice" repeatedly, and setting the emotional tone of the whole poem: the pursuit of grief and indignation and firm belief. The quiet environment of traveling in all directions and the poet's warm heart of caring for reality formed a pair of contradictions, which led to the changeable mood of the poet below.
In the third paragraph, a series of immortals are put forward: Red pine nuts, Fu Shuo and Han Zhong. As the object of worship, "virtue is noble and beauty is immortal". But the poet still has a dull pain in his heart: he can't forget his hometown and the secular society.
Can ascending to heaven and walking in the clouds avoid persecution by villains? The poet couldn't answer. The poet's doubt is actually a complex psychological expression of his travels.
In the fourth paragraph, the poet's thoughts returned to the secular society, thinking of his kindness and loyalty and being persecuted by the court. He felt that the Qingming politics in the time of Emperor Levin would never appear again, so he had to carefully plan his long-distance trip. The fourth paragraph and the third paragraph have opposite connotations.
In the third paragraph, I miss the world when I play in heaven, and in the fourth paragraph, I want to travel in heaven when I am suffering. Heaven and earth have always been the two poles of the poet's mind, and emotions are constantly turning left and right.
The fifth paragraph is the decision of three or four emotions. There is the word "Chongyue" at the beginning. First, he summed it up with a heavy voice: "In the Spring and Autumn Period, there was no sudden flood, so Xi stayed in this former residence for a long time? Xuanyuan can't climb, I have been entertaining myself since Wang Qiao. "
The secular society can't stay any longer. Let's fly! South, south, go to the south first. The poet decided to travel far and set the direction. At this time, it is a journey from thought to action.
So, who does the poet ask for advice about traveling far? The first travel instructor was Wang Ziqiao. Set your faith, consult the gods, and travel far will be fixed.
The sixth paragraph is the immortal Wang Ziqiao's words. The poet recorded the immortal's words with rhythmic words, and in essence expressed his long-distance travel experience through Wang Ziqiao's words: Since there is no virtuous gentleman in this world, the revelation from heaven is to become immortal.
The ancients said that the three immortal careers in life are virtue, and virtue is the most important. Since we can't be virtuous on earth, being immortal is the best way.
Wang Ziqiao's writing and the poet's understanding focus on being a moral person, which shows that the poet has not forgotten this world: the moral norms of this world are always imprinted in his heart. The first stop of the poet's long journey is to visit the Heavenly Palace.
Before going to heaven, the poet absorbed the essence of Heaven, making him prosperous and healthy, and then took the cloud to heaven, entered the gate of the Heavenly Palace, and visited the palaces of the Heavenly Emperor, such as Du Qing. In ancient times, it was said that the emperor of Tiangong was in the middle of heaven, and the poet went to the middle of heaven first after he ascended to heaven. Taking this as a starting point, we can see that there is still a heavenly emperor in his heart, which is the projection of the human king in the sky.
Vaguely, people feel that Qu Yuan has traveled far and wide in Chu and will never forget the king of the world. The eighth paragraph, the second stop of the poet's long journey: petitioning things in heaven.
First, travel to the East. The poet's travel team is not a battle in twos and threes, but a large dragon escort, with eight dragons driving, Fengbo, Rain Master and tripterygium wilfordii as bodyguards. It's really imposing. It's imposing.
After meeting Emperor Tai Hao in the East and Ru Shou, the gold god in the West, the poet got carried away and enjoyed the happiness of becoming an immortal. However, looking down from the sky.
My heart ached when I caught a glimpse of my hometown. What should I do? I decided to swim south again, hoping to find the heart of Shun Di.
This passage describes the great magic of the travel team, which not only has bold and enthusiastic imagination, but also has rich and specific details, making the travel team an exhibition of the immortal world and rendering it into a happy atmosphere of immortality. The ninth paragraph is the end of the poem, which is divided into two levels.
On the first floor, I wrote about visiting the south and the north, and I met Zhu Rong, the god of the south, and Zhuan Xu, the god of the north, all of whom benefited a lot. The description of traveling south and north is simpler than traveling east and west, because the same team does not need to repeat the description.
It only highlights Lu 'an in the south, Xiangling Drum and Ice in the north. On the second floor, I visited the heavens, the earth, the east, the west, the north and the south, and realized that there should be a new world on the earth, that is, surpassing Confucian education, making people consistent with the vitality of heaven and earth, and harmony between heaven and earth.
In this way, you can feel the happiness of life even if you don't leave this world to travel far. The poem Journey is about an imaginary journey in the sky and expresses the ideal pursuit of the real world.
There are many immortals in the poem, including Tai Hao, Xidi and Zhuan Xu. There are Raytheon Honglong, Wood God Ju Mang, Fengshen Fei Lian, Golden God Ru Shou, Vulcan God Zhu Rong, Luoshen Fu Fei, Xiangling, Poseidon Hai Ruo, River God Feng Yi, Water God Xuan Ming and God Qian Ying. There are star officials such as Xuanwu Star and wenchang star, immortals such as Red Pine Son, Fu Shuo, Han Zhong and Wang Qiao, and Eight Dragons, Phoenix and Wang Qiao.
This is the product of the intersection of folklore and primitive religion in the Warring States period, which embodies the imaginative characteristics of Chu culture and shows the poet's artistic vision of absorbing folk literary materials for poetry creation and his creative ability to manipulate opening and closing freely. The poems of this great poet have preserved a lot of ancient mythological materials for people and become an important reference for later literary and artistic creation.
[5] Appreciation of the second work "Traveling Far", Wang Yi's "Chu Zhangci Sentence" in the Eastern Han Dynasty thinks that "Qu Yuan did what he did", and the title says: "Qu Yuan's four-way trip is not acceptable to the world. On the one hand, it was vilified and destroyed, on the other hand, it was framed by laymen, and there was nothing to say.
Deep and only one yuan, cultured and indifferent. If you want to help the world, you will have spirit in your heart, a wide range of literary talents, be able to express your strange thoughts, hold immortals, and play with the world everywhere.
However, I still miss Chu and yearn for old feelings, loyalty and kindness. A gentleman cherishes his ambition and does not hesitate to speak. "
Since then, scholars in all previous dynasties have never thought that the author of this article is Qu Yuan.
2. Why do poets in ancient and modern times love to write poems of wanderers? Fame is fascinating and confusing. Counting the great poets in ancient times, it seems that they are all vagrants, even vagrants who never return for life. Li Bai, a poet, went out of Shu alone at the age of twenty-five. He "went to the countryside with his sword and left his relatives to travel far away", which can be described as a senior wanderer. Reading thousands of books's ideal of traveling thousands of miles and his thought of being an official with excellent academic skills make him a "tramp" in life, marriage and officialdom. Hundreds of poems about fighting wine, sleeping in restaurants in the city. "The son of heaven called instead of getting on the boat and called himself Brewmaster." Fairy? No, he is also a man's son. Who knows, "Looking up, I found it was moonlight, sinking back again, and I suddenly thought of home" and "The water brought you a touch of home and took your boat three hundred miles".
Homesick Hu Bugui? "The road is difficult to pass, and it is difficult to go to the sky." Li Bai's home in Shu is also in a dilemma. In Guan Shanyue, he said with emotion: "Because there is no famous battle in history that sent all the soldiers back."
In ancient times, the traffic was underdeveloped, it was inconvenient to go home, the long road was insurmountable, and the Chinese people could not stop homesickness. Every year, the sadness and depression of the dynasties come to mind, which is a national tradition in their bones and blood. In ancient times, this writing was mostly because of inconvenient transportation and long journey home. People write like this now, and traditional feelings have a greater influence. After all, convenient transportation is not what it used to be.
3. Ancient travel concept Ancient means of transportation and travel concept "Li Bai is going to travel by boat, and suddenly he hears singing on the shore."
"Lonely sails sail in the blue sky, and only the Yangtze River flows in the sky." "When should not meet? No, even the mountains are smoke. "
"We waved goodbye and my horse kept neighing." In ancient times, the scientific level and technical conditions were poor, so crossing the sea was an extremely risky and uncertain thing.
Isn't it extremely dangerous for a sailor to drift with the wind only by a few sails and paddles? You see, the waves are constantly rushing, the giant aojiang and the big fish are constantly coming and going, which makes people feel mysterious, strange and horrible. It is not difficult to find out why the ancients paid so much attention to "farewell" by linking the danger of sailing at sea with the concern for the safety of friends. This is almost a kind of "farewell to life and death".