1770 was born in Bonn, Germany, and his ancestral home is Flanders.
Brief introduction of Beethoven's life
"Do your best to be good, love freedom above all else, even for the sake of the throne, don't forget the truth." -Beethoven (note 1792)
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770- 1827), a great German composer and one of the representatives of the Viennese classical school, plays a decisive role in the development of world music and is known as the "Saint of Music". Beethoven 1770 12 16 was born in Bonn, a small town near France on the Rhine. He comes from a Flemish family, a musical family. His grandfather's name is Lutvik, and he is the music director of the Bonn Palace Orchestra. His father is a court tenor. His mother is a maid and the daughter of a cook. Beethoven showed his musical genius in his early years. His father is eager to train him to be a genius like Mozart. He was forced to learn piano and violin in his early years. At the age of eight, he began to perform in concerts and tried to compose music. However, his music education in this period has been very chaotic and unsystematic.
At the age of twelve, he was able to play freely and worked as an assistant to organist Nie Fei (1748- 1798). At this time, he began to formally learn music from Nie Fei. Nie Fei is a versatile musician. He broadened Beethoven's artistic horizons, familiarized him with some excellent examples of German classical art, and consolidated Beethoven's understanding of lofty goals. Beethoven's formal study and systematic upbringing actually began with Nie Fei's careful teaching and training: Nie Fei also led him to teach Mozart in Vienna from 65438 to 0787. After listening to his performance, Mozart predicted that Beethoven would shake the world one day. Beethoven received the news of his mother's death shortly after he arrived in Vienna, and he had to go back to Bonn at once. Due to the drag of his family, he didn't come to Vienna for the second time until his father died in the autumn of 1792, but Mozart was already dead. After Beethoven came to Vienna for the second time, he quickly won the title of the most outstanding performer in Vienna (especially improvisation). After that, he studied under Haydn, Schenk, Ablisberg and salieri. He contacted many famous professors, writers and musicians at that time through his association with Bonn intellectual Brenin, and was influenced by the trend of thought of "hurricane movement" from them. His democratic thought was mature a few years before the French Revolution, but it developed rapidly in the revolutionary era.
1789 The thought of French bourgeois revolution and progress inspired him a lot and laid the curtain for his humanistic world. He believed in human equality, pursued justice and personal freedom, and hated the oppression of feudal autocracy. Although the three famous composers of Vienna Classical Music School lived in similar times, Beethoven's thoughts obviously did not belong to the same "era" as Haydn and Mozart. Haydn was humiliated all his life. Although he is occasionally provoked, he always leaves his fate to chance. At that time, progressive literary thoughts and revolutionary emotions rarely excited him, and his music was always insulated from struggle. Mozart suffered no less mental pain than Haydn. He dared to resist, preferring poverty to endure the insult of the archbishop. But in his music, from behind the joy full of sunshine and youthful vitality, we can often feel a trace of pain, melancholy and sadness. Only Beethoven, who not only angrily opposed the autocratic feudal system, but also called on people to fight for freedom and happiness with his music. Beethoven's creations in Bonn (1782- 1792) are mostly small piano pieces, duets and songs. It can be said that he was still in the preparatory stage of creation during this period. During his first ten years in Vienna (1792- 1802), his famous works were Sorrow, Moonlight, Croce Sonata, Piano Concerto No.3 and so on. However, during this period, he had a further understanding of social and political issues, and he could also achieve the goal he tried to explore. 1802- 18 12 years, his creation entered a mature period, which later became his "heroic era".
The mature process of Beethoven's creative activities seems to be quite slow on the surface, but in fact it is very smooth. He didn't write his first symphony until he was thirty, but Mozart had written about forty symphonies at this age.
Beethoven's life was very bumpy. From the age of 26 (1796), he felt his hearing was getting weaker and weaker, and he was deaf in his later years. It was not until 180 1 that he was sure that his ear disease could not be cured that he told his friends about it. However, his love for art and life overcame his personal pain and despair-suffering became the source of his creative power. At the peak of such a spiritual crisis, Beethoven overcame many difficulties with strong will and began to write his optimistic "heroic symphony". The Heroic Symphony marks the turning point of Beethoven's spirit and the beginning of the heroic era.
In the later period of Beethoven's stay in Vienna, because Europe was experiencing a serious period of political reaction, that is, the period when metternich's reactionary rule was particularly rampant, his creation also experienced a temporary decline (1813-1817). From 18 18, in the last ten years of Beethoven's life (18 18- 1827), he still wrote the ninth symphony (chorus) with great perseverance, even though he was completely deaf, his health deteriorated, his life was poor and his spirit was poor.
Beethoven died in Vienna on March 26th, 1827. He died without a relative by his side, but when he was buried on the 29th of the same month, a mass wave formed. All schools were closed to express their condolences, and 20,000 people escorted his coffin. His tombstone is engraved with the inscription of the Austrian poet Greer Bache (179 1- 1872): "When you stand on his coffin, we can only tell people like him that he has achieved great things ..."
Beethoven is one of the greatest composers in the history of world art. His creation embodies his giant personality and reflects the progressive thought of that era. His image of revolutionary heroism can be used as "through suffering-towards joy; Win through struggle. " His works are magnificent, simple and distinctive, rich in music content and easy to be understood and accepted by the audience. Beethoven's music embodies the pain, joy, struggle and victory of the people of his time, so it always inspires people in the past and inspires their fighting spirit, and even now it makes people feel kind and inspiring.
Beethoven's works include Moonlight, Ninth Symphony, First Symphony, Sonata, Symphony of Destiny and Solemn Mass. These are beautiful movements that get rid of classicism and show freedom and enthusiasm.
About Beethoven's text: "Moonlight Song", a textbook for experimental teaching of compulsory education curriculum standards, Group 8, Lesson 26. Main idea of the text: This is about one night, Beethoven went to a small town on the Rhine. When Beethoven was walking on the road, he heard the sound of a piano coming from a small room. Beethoven went in and saw a shoemaker making shoes. A blind girl in front of the window is playing the piano. In their conversation, Beethoven heard that the blind girl wanted to hear him play the piano, but he had no money to go to the concert hall. Hearing this, Beethoven stepped forward and played the tune that the blind girl had just played. When the song was finished, the blind girl was amazed. When the blind girl asked him if he was Beethoven, Beethoven didn't answer and said he wanted to play another song. Beethoven improvised a moonlight song. When the shoemaker and the blind girl woke up with rapt attention, Beethoven had returned to the inn. He spent the whole night composing the moonlight song he just played. What beautiful words this is, especially the one describing the moonlight song, which shines the moonlight on the water ... it's really elegant and beautiful!
[Edit this paragraph] Other stories of Beethoven
& lt childhood >
Beethoven's grandfather and father were both court singers. Most of the time, his father is drunk, and he is not very good to his family. He never even asks if his family is well fed and warm. At first, a kind grandfather can save this family from too much suffering; On the other hand, the musical talent of his eldest grandson also makes the old man feel very gratified. But when Beethoven was only four years old, his grandfather died. Beethoven's father used to drag his children to the piano keyboard and let him practice hard for hours there, slapping him whenever he made a mistake. Neighbors often hear children sobbing to sleep because of fatigue and pain. Soon, Faifr, a poor traveling musician, came to this town and was taken to Beethoven's home. He and old Beethoven used to drink in the pub outside until midnight, and then went home to drag little Ludwig out of bed and start classes, sometimes until dawn. To make him look like a child prodigy, his father lied about his age. When I was eight, I took him out to a concert when I was six. But there are no child prodigies in the world. Despite a lot of efforts, the old Beethoven never turned his son into another young Mozart. Compared with Mozart, Beethoven's childhood was too unfortunate. Mozart received a good education in his childhood, and his training time was pleasant and quiet. He had a loving father and a beloved sister. Beethoven, on the other hand, won the respect of his hometown people for his performance, but his world-wide travel performance was far less amazing than Mozart's.
cling obstinately to one's course
Beethoven didn't want to be the darling of the living room. He would rather stay in his own residence and be able to get in and out, get up, dress and eat at will. He likes to fiddle with trifles in the room according to his own interests. Once, in order to get some air and see the scenery outside the window, he deliberately cut off a piece of the window. He is always in trouble with the landlords and always walks around. Whenever he creates a climax, he always throws pots of water on his head to cool down until the water soaks through the downstairs room-we can imagine the feelings of the landlord and other tenants! Sometimes he moves so often that he doesn't even want to worry about putting his legs on the piano, but just sits on the floor and plays the piano. Because he has to sign a lease every time he rents a new house, indicating the lease period, he often pays the rent of four apartments at the same time. This is probably the reason why although he earns a lot of money, he always has no savings!
deaf
When he really felt that he was going deaf, he was almost desperate. Life doesn't seem worth living: what is more unfortunate for a musician than not hearing the sweet voice that he likes to listen to and live by? At first, only a few old friends, such as Dr. Wigler and Stephen von Braeuning, knew about his misfortune. He gave up going to the palace to listen to the cheerful concert he liked very much. He was afraid that people would notice his deafness and thought that an deaf musician could not write a good work. Don't! He remembers all the music he wants to write. "I want to hold my destiny by the throat!" "Maybe it's not as difficult for him to create music when he is deaf as other musicians. In his view, music is not only to arrange various themes or sound patterns with charming voices, but also a language to express the deepest thoughts.
The style of Beethoven's works
Beethoven is the most advanced music architect, and his genius is reflected in the ideological structure of sonata-symphony. His shorthand book shows how his idea of music was finally formed step by step, and also shows how much effort he made when he injected these materials into the inevitable form.
Beethoven inherited the sonata form of Haydn and Mozart and transformed it into a huge structure suitable for his own thoughts. He enlarged the scale of the first movement, especially the ending. Like Haydn and Mozart, he regards unfolding as the power center of sonata style. His short and profound themes provide unlimited opportunities for expansion and development, and they unfold with fierce strength and momentum. Adagio movement has the characteristics of hymn in Beethoven's hands, which embodies Beethoven's sorrow. He turned the minuet into a scherzo and a rhythmic movement, with emotions ranging from "laughing" to mystery and surprise. He expanded the finale into a movement similar to the first movement in scale and artistic conception, which made the symphony return in triumph.
In Beethoven's art, piano music occupies a central position, and his 32 sonatas are an indispensable part of the repertoire, whether for amateur pianists or concert soloists. They are properly called the pianist's "New Testament" ("Old Testament" refers to Bach's piano music collection with even rhythm). Comparison of strength. Explosive stress, opposition between high and low areas, syncopation and strong gradual strengthening are the basic characteristics of Beethoven's piano style. His love for theme variation is also very distinctive. In this respect, he is an outstanding architect. He used endless ideas to build towering buildings from the simplest materials.
Beethoven believed that symphonies were an ideal means to address human beings, and his nine symphonies were spiritual dramas with universal appeal. They affirmed life with overwhelming and exciting momentum. In the third symphony (Hero), Beethoven's style has matured. This work was originally dedicated to Napoleon, who believed that Napoleon was the embodiment of revolutionary spirit and human freedom. Beethoven gave up his illusions when the news that Napoleon proclaimed himself emperor came. The enraged composer tore off a page of the dedication from his newly completed work and rewritten it as "Hero Symphony, written in memory of a great man".
It is generally believed that the Fifth Symphony is the prototype of a symphony, which has everything that a symphony has. The Seventh Symphony can be compared with it in many ways. The ninth chorus symphony played the deep tone of Beethoven's last period. In its finale, Schiller's famous Ode to Joy was sung by human voices, which is a resounding prophecy of the times.