Flowers on the river under the moonlight in spring
Dynasty: Tang Dynasty
Author: Zhang
Lian Haiping is in the spring tide, and the bright moon on the sea is born in the tide.
I drift thousands of miles, where there is no moon by the river!
The river flows around Fangdian, and the moonlight shines on the flower forest like graupel.
Frost flows in the air, you can't fly, but you can't see the white sand on the pavilion.
There is no dust in the sky on the river, and there is a lonely moon in the sky.
Who saw the moon by the river for the first time? When did Jiang Yue take the photo at the beginning of the year?
Life is endless from generation to generation, and Jiang Yue is similar year after year.
I don't know who Jiang Yue is waiting for, but I see the Yangtze River delivering water.
The white clouds have gone, and Qingfeng is at a loss.
Who will go boating tonight? Where do you miss Mingyue Building?
Poor people wander upstairs for the moon, so they should leave someone to fill the mirror.
The curtain of the jade pot could not be rolled up, but it was brushed back on the anvil.
At this time, I don't know each other. I hope China will shine on you every month.
Hongyan flies in the sky, and fish Long Qian jumps in the water.
Last night, I dreamed that the idle pool had fallen, and the poor spring had not returned.
In spring, the river flows away, and the pond falls in the moon and the west.
The slanting moon hides the sea fog, and Jieshi Xiaoxiang Road is infinite.
I don't know how many people return home every month, and the moon is full of rivers and trees.
"Lonely articles are actually for everyone to see." Zhang (on the origin of Tang poetry), like his name, has been shining in the galaxy of Tang poetry for thousands of years. One of his last two poems, Moonlit Night on a Spring River, touched readers with sincere parting, wise philosophy, beautiful language, elegant rhythm and charm, and won the audience with its unique artistic charm, rich artistic vitality and appeal. Moonlit Night on the Spring River is an old topic in Yuefu's Shang Qing Quci Wu Sheng Ge. There are five poetic images of spring, river, flower, moon and night in the title of the poem, and their interdependent relationship organically constitutes a fascinating artistic realm.
This poem takes the moon as a clue and the chain structure of spring, river, flower, moon and night as pearls, which is obvious. What's more, Xu Zeng in the Qing Dynasty has already stated in the Tang Poetry in the Temple: "Use the birth method to spit out spring, river, flowers and moon word by word; The knot is eliminated, and the spring, river, flowers and moon are sorted word by word. ...... This poem is like an interlocking skeleton chain, which is continuous, so that the reader's eyes can't shoot directly or obliquely, and there is nowhere to find its end. " The words "moonlit night by the river" have their own feelings. It can be seen that the moon is like a bond of life in the whole poem, running through the top and bottom and touching the soul. The moon rose high in the west overnight. The philosophy of life contained in this is self-evident. The whole poem has 36 sentences, four sentences and one rhyme, and nine rhymes. Geng Yun-Yue Yun-True Cloud-Paper Cloud-Wandering Cloud-Grey Cloud-Moire-Ma Yun-Yu Yun. The ups and downs of the five kinds of poems are coordinated with each other, which harmoniously constructs the artistic beauty of poetry. Zhang's Moonlit Night on a Spring River is actually a love serenade.
The poet envies the wanderers who come home on a moonlit night and dreams of a warm home. The poem ends with a scene full of affection. As a conclusion, the phrase "the moon sets and rocks the river" can be said to be both sympathy for the moon and sympathy. Let poetry, painting and philosophy jointly create an ethereal and charming artistic conception.
Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River" is a poem in the poem and a picture in the painting. It organically integrates poetry, painting and philosophy into one furnace, so that all images, objects and modality are integrated into one. The poet described the tide, waves, river, Fangdian, flower forest, white sand, night sky, white clouds, green maple, boudoir, mirror platform and river tree in turn, just like a flowing scroll of ink and wash. The moon is fascinated by the axis. Moreover, in chronological order, the layout and structure of the poems are as follows: the moon rises at the beginning of the month (the bright moon gives birth to the tide)-the moon reaches the middle of the sky (the solitary moon wheel in the sky)-the moon moves westward (the poor moon lingers upstairs)-the moon sets on the western hills (the slanting moon is heavy and the sea fog is hidden).
In China's traditional aesthetics, the emphasis on emotion is consistent. For example, in Preface to Mao's Poems, it is said that "emotion moves in China, and form is in words". For poetry, emotion is the essence of poetry, and Zhang's deep affection is also the charm of the poem "Spring". The moon in his works is the image of love, the best expression of affection and love, and the unremitting pursuit of human spirit. The moon is a common theme in ancient poetry, but the author writes it with a unique flavor, which reflects the poet's personal understanding of the meaning of life and his profound understanding of the philosophical thought of "harmony between man and nature". It can be seen that this poem is detached in thought and art. It organically integrates the philosophy of "longing for the infinity of the universe and mourning for the moment of my life" into poetry and painting, and revolves around five poetic images of spring, river, flowers, moon and night. These images are beautiful, gentle and hearty, broad and light, and really touching, just like the rain in March.
Postscript:
Today, this song "Moonlit Night on a Spring River" was selected as a teaching material for children to enjoy. Because of this, a friend of mine who teaches high school asked me a question no less than Goldbach's conjecture: this poem is divided into three parts. What is the poetic potential relationship between the three parts? How to step by step?
I have browsed a lot of materials on this question, and most of them are like this: (1) The first eight sentences: Describe the beautiful scenery of spring, river, flowers, moon and night according to the topic, focusing on depicting the wonderful realm of the bright moon in the sky, illuminating the whole river and the sky. (2) The next eight sentences: from "moon" to people, from describing scenery to caring for life, think about the relationship between the vast life and the long universe. (3) The remaining 20 sentences: From lamenting the sadness of life to expressing the departure of wandering women in the world, eulogizing people's yearning for love and happiness. Structurally, the process of the moon rising and falling is taken as the external clue of the beginning and end of the whole poem, and at the same time, the moon is taken as the main body of scenery description and the support for arousing and expressing feelings, giving consideration to both inside and outside, and blending scenes, making the whole poem look seamless.
Annotation of works
(1) (Yan): The appearance of ripples.
(2) Di An: vilen with abundant grass. Yunnan, a suburb.
(3) graupel (xiàn): small white opaque ice particles falling in the sky. Describe the crystal white of spring flowers in the moonlight.
(4) Flowing frost: flying frost. The ancients thought that frost fell from the air like snow, so it was called flowing frost. The metaphor here is that the moonlight is bright and hazy, and I don't think there is frost flying.
(5) tΡ ng (tρ ng): Flat land near the water, small continent.
(6) Fibrous dust: fine dust.
(7) Moon wheel: refers to the moon. Because the full moon looks like a wheel, it is called the moon wheel.
(8) poor: exhausted.
(9) Jiangyue is similar year after year: another version is "Jiangyue is only similar year after year".
(10) But see: only see, only see.
(1 1) excellent: slim and far-reaching.
(12) qingfengpu: qingfengpu, place name. There is Qingfengpu in Liuyang County, Hunan Province today. Here generally refers to the place where homeless people are. Stealing "Chu Ci Evocation": "There is a maple on the water in Zhanjiang, and the eyes are thousands of miles away." Pushang: by the water. "Nine Songs Hebo": "Send Beauty Nanpu." So this sentence implies parting.
(13) Boat: Walking in the Jianghu. Boat, boat.
(14) Yueming Building: boudoir building in moonlight. This refers to thinking about women in the boudoir. Cao Zhi's Seven Wounded Poems: "The bright moon shines on tall buildings, and the time is falling. There are sad women in the world, and sorrow is more than sorrow. "
(15) Moonlight falling: it means that the moonlight shines on the boudoir and lingers, making people lovesick.
(16) Leaving people: This refers to thinking about women.
(17) dresser: dresser.
(18) Jade pot: describes the magnificent pavilions and terraces inlaid with jade.
(19) clothes anvil (zhēn): clothes stone and cloth stone.
(20) Mutual reporting: exchanging news.
(2 1) Step by step: follow.
(22) moonlight: moonlight.
(23) Text: Same as "Text".
(24) Idle pool: a quiet pool.
(25) Fuxi Oblique: Here "Oblique" should rhyme as "xiá".
(26) Xiaoxiang: Xiangjiang River, Xiaoshui.
(27) Jieshi and Xiaoxiang: one south and one north, which means that the road is long, and there is no hope of meeting each other.
(28) Infinite Road: extreme words, stay away from people.
(29) Taking advantage of the moonlight.
(30) Shake feelings: Stir feelings and talk about family ties.
Translation of works
In spring, the river tide is mighty, connected with the sea, and a bright moon rises from the sea, as if spewing out with the tide.
The moonlight shines on the riverside. The waves are thousands of miles away, and the moonlight shines everywhere on the Chunjiang River.
The river winds around Yuan Ye, where there are many flowers and plants. The moonlight shines on the blooming trees like fine snow beads.
The moonlight is like frost, so the frost cannot be observed. The white sand and moonlight on the mainland blend together and can't be seen clearly.
The river and the sky are the same color, without any tiny dust, only a solitary moon hangs high in the sky.
Who first saw the moon by the river, and when did the moon on the river shine on people for the first time?
Endless, endless, only the moon on the river, year after year, always similar.
I don't know who the moon on the river is waiting for, but the Yangtze River has been carrying flowing water.
The wanderer slowly left like white clouds, leaving only the homesick woman standing in the parting green maple.
Which vagrant is drifting on the boat tonight? Where is someone lovesick upstairs in the bright moon?
The moonlight that keeps moving upstairs should shine on the dressing table of people who leave.
The moonlight shines into the curtain of Sifu, but it won't open. It shines on her anvil and cannot be brushed away.
At this time, I look at the moon but I can't hear each other's voice. I hope to shine on you with moonlight.
Hongyan keeps flying, but it can't fly out of the boundless moonlight; The moon shines on the river, and ichthyosaurs jump in the water, causing ripples.
Last night, I dreamed of falling flowers in the idle pool, but unfortunately I didn't return in half spring.
The river will run out with the spring, and the moon on the pool will set in the west.
The slanting moon slowly sinks and hides in the sea fog, and the distance between Jieshi and Xiaoxiang is infinitely far away.
I don't know how many people can go home by moonlight, but the setting sun is swaying and spreading all over the Woods by the river.
Creation background
Moonlit Night by the River is the title of Yuefu's Wu Sheng. It is said that it was written by Chen Houzhu in the Southern Dynasties, and the original words are no longer there. According to Le Er in Old Tang Dynasty, Moonlight by the River, Flowers in the Garden of Yushu and Opening the Hall were written by Chen Houzhu. Uncle Bao often writes poems with female bachelors and courtiers in the palace. He Xu is also good at writing poems. He chooses those particularly gorgeous ones for this song. "
Later, Emperor Yang Di wrote this song again. The 47-volume Yuefu Poems collected seven articles on a moonlit night on a spring river, including two by Emperor Yang Di. Zhang's poems, written for the purpose of fiction, are the most famous, though different from the original tune. The specific creative background is no longer available.
Artistic conception structure of the poem "Spring";
Natural beauty, philosophical beauty and human nature beauty
The color of the moon, the love of the moon} the soul of the moon (meaning)
(picture) (reason) (emotion)
And it seems that this is the best teaching plan for senior high school students or the authoritative structural hierarchy analysis in the courseware. After reading it, I suddenly understood my friend's doubts and I couldn't help shivering. Whether the structural level of this poem can be divided according to the rules of the modern article "Trilogy like a panacea" is an old title of Yuefu's Shang Qing's Qu Ci Song Wusheng. Can such lyrics analyze poetry in paragraphs? In addition, this poem is in Xizhou style. On the other hand, we modern people's poems, especially some poems written by ourselves, who will consider the imaginary problems such as paragraphs, levels and structures? Of course, I am also a family opinion, so I have the right to ask a questioning question to a wise friend for the children who are studying this ancient poem. Welcome to sit down, and friends with different opinions can talk about their own views.
Brief introduction of the author
Zhang (about 660-720) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Yangzhou (now Jiangsu) people. Former Yanzhou soldier Cao. The year of birth and death and the font size are unknown. His deeds can be found in He Zhuan, an old Tang book. During the reign of Emperor Zhong of the Dragon (705 ~ 707), He, He Chao, Wan Qirong, Xing Ju and Rong Rong were all famous for their beautiful words in Kyoto, and they were called "Four Scholars of Wuzhong" together with He, Zhang Xu and Rong. Xuanzong kaiyuan was in fashion. There are only two of Zhang's poems in the whole Tang Dynasty. Among them, A Moonlit Night on the Spring River is a well-known masterpiece, which follows the ancient theme of Sui Chen Yuefu and expresses sincere and moving feelings of parting and philosophical life perception. The language is fresh and beautiful, and the rhythm is melodious, which washes away the thick powder of palace poems and gives people a feeling of clearness, emptiness and beauty.
Make an appreciative comment
Moon Night on the Spring River, praised by Mr. Wen Yiduo as "the poem in the poem, the peak on the peak" (the redemption of palace poems), has fascinated countless readers for more than 1000 years. Zhang Yisheng left only two poems, which were also "a lonely poem, but it was written for everyone".
The title of this poem is very attractive. Spring, river, flowers, moon and night, these five things embody the most touching beauty of life and constitute a fascinating and wonderful artistic realm.