Wen Yiduo and Xu Zhimo are both crescent poets and active advocates and practitioners of new metrical poetry. However, due to the differences in personal temperament, family environment and life experience, the poetry creation of the two poets presents different styles. "Being angry with real ambition, determined by ambition and absorbed by Huaying is not emotional." The style of the article is closely related to the author's personality.
Wen Yiduo was born in a "noble family and scholarly family" and had a special love for China traditional culture. When he was studying in the United States at the age of 23, racial discrimination greatly hurt his self-esteem. He once said in a letter to his family: "I never knew what it was like to be homesick when I was in China, but I felt it when I went abroad, especially in the United States. Because the United States only knows that there are whites, colored people (who call yellow, black, red and colored people) are barbarians, and dogs are jealous. Oh! I have five thousand years of politics, religion, customs, literature and art, but I don't know how to make machinery to kill and rob money. What else do I have? Being despised by him is tolerable and intolerable! A person who has lived in this state for a long time without knowing that he is angry is really a stone. " Therefore, Wen Yiduo is determined to devote himself to the motherland and not make sacrifices. (red candle! /"Mo Wen has a bumper harvest, but it requires farming." However, after returning to China, the reality in China is devastated, the mountains and rivers are broken, and the people are poor. He "discovered" that the "flowery motherland" had become a stagnant pool, and his ideal and self-confidence had a fierce conflict with the dark reality. "Here I am, I cried,/'This is not my China, no, no!'" ..... I had a nightmare, where are you? /That's horror, a nightmare hanging on a cliff,/That's not you, that's not my love! "He put a cavity of love for the motherland, solidified into a poem. Between the lines, we see the poet's crystal-pure and bright inner world, burning with patriotic enthusiasm like fire. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he went out of his study and took an active part in the patriotic and democratic movement. Li Gongpu, a famous democracy fighter, was assassinated by Kuomintang agents. He risked his life, righteously participated in Li Gongpu's memorial service and delivered "The Last Speech". "Wen Yiduo was angry and angry with the Kuomintang pistol. He would rather fall than give in. "(Mao Zedong's Farewell to Si Tuleideng) All this has condensed into Wen Yiduo's unyielding personality spirit, which is China people.
Wen Yiduo's life has always been closely related to the motherland, and the prominent theme of his poems is "patriotism". Therefore, Zhu Ziqing said in "Introduction to China's New Literature Poetry Series": Wen Yiduo is "a patriotic poet, and almost the only patriotic poet". His great personality is reflected in his poems, and he often chooses images such as pine, chrysanthemum, mountain, sea, sun and red candle, which shows the noble sentiment of democratic soldiers.
As the first and last bourgeois poet, Xu Zhimo's poems mainly express his personal feelings and inner experiences. "He didn't smell (a) precision, also did not calm. He jumped day and night and spilled the living water of life. " (Zhu Ziqing's Introduction to Poems of China New Literature Department) He thinks that the world is determined by emotion, not by economy. He emphasized personal factors and pursued personal freedom and happiness. Hu Shizhi pointed out in Memories of Time Past: "His outlook on life is really a simple belief, and there are only three big characters in it: one is love, the other is freedom, and the third is beauty. It is his simple belief that these three ideal conditions can be met in his life. The history of his life is only the history of his pursuit of this simple belief. "Love in Xu Zhimo's poems refers to this pursuit of pure faith, that is, the pursuit of ideal life." I have a love-/I love the stars in the sky/I love their crystals/There are no such strange gods on earth. "(I have a love) The poet's ideal is just a hazy idea, which is unrealistic. He "doesn't know which direction the wind blows" and always "whips the night with his legs crooked on a blind horse". A passage in his essay "Re-anatomy" is just a footnote to these two poems: "I just rushed forward blindly on the road of life all my life, stepped into the mire for a while, broke a grass flower for a while, and just ran aimlessly; From there, where to go, where to go now and how to go, these fundamental questions have never come to my heart. " However, he always fantasizes about a star in his mind. When the ideal star is disillusioned, it is accompanied by an unspeakable pain, sadness and despair. As Mao Dun said: "Once the change of life exceeded his expectation and exceeded his expected patience, his simple faith was shaken, so it flowed into the decadence of doubt. "(On Xu Zhimo) In short, Xu Zhimo is like a big child, full of innocence and fantasy. Because this fantasy is divorced from the real world, it is doomed to destruction.
Xu Zhimo pursues individual freedom and happiness, and his thinking perspective is inward. This is related to his family environment and life experience. Xu Zhimo was born in a wealthy family and went to the United States to study before graduating from college. After receiving a master's degree in literature from Columbia University, he transferred to Cambridge University in England. Although he also has a deep knowledge of Chinese studies, he is obviously influenced by western culture. He once said: "Cambridge taught me to broaden my horizons, and my thirst for knowledge was moved by Cambridge. My self-awareness was given to me by Cambridge." (《 Smoking and Culture 》) Xu Zhimo lived in an era when the modern thoughts of China society moved from closed to open, and people's individual consciousness finally got rid of the shackles of feudal thoughts and was liberated. The liberal and democratic ideas advocated by western intellectuals have been greatly recognized by Xu Zhimo, which naturally touched the young Xu Zhimo's poetic heart and became the mother of his poetry creation. He once said: "Life is shocked by a huge force, and any half-mature and immature ideas are scattered in colorful rain." I was helpless and didn't know what was on my mind, so I entrusted the bottom of my wrist to crawl and comb at random. As urgent as saving my life, so I can't care about beauty and ugliness! "(Introduction to Tiger)
If the personality embodied in Wen Yiduo's poems is stubborn and sincere, then Xu Zhimo's poems reflect his persistent and pure personality strength. Both Wen Yiduo's and Xu Zhimo's poems are full of "love" factors, but Wen Yiduo loves the motherland and the people. His two poems, Red Candle and Dead Water, run through a red line, which is infinite love for the motherland and the poet's childlike innocence; Xu Zhimo loves freedom, not love. Most of his poems, such as Zhi Mo, Frozen Jade One Night and Tiger, are about love. The joy, sadness and pain of love are all undisguised and pure. Wen Yiduo said, "the poet's main talent is' love', love his motherland and love his people"; Xu Zhimo believes that "the success of love is the success of life, and the failure of love is the failure of life". Wen Yiduo integrated his life into the embrace of the motherland; Xu Zhimo confined his life to his own world. Xu Zhimo also reflected people's sufferings, such as "Sir, Sir" and "Cover some oiled paper", but it was limited to bourgeois humanitarian sympathy, which was quite different from Wen Yiduo's concern for the country and the people. Wen Yiduo also wrote about love, such as red beans, which are true acacia, different from Xu Zhimo's ethereal ideal. All this is naturally formed by the poet's personality of "being attracted by emotion and condensed by Tao dye" in his poetry creation.
Style is the author's creative personality reflected in his works, and personality is the expression of personality, so style is personality. "Xu Zhimo" is a young poet who is satisfied with the status quo. What he pursues is the love will keep us alive between people and the love between men and women, and his concern for society is not beyond the scope of such human love. Therefore, his poems are warm and beautiful, melancholy and calm ... Xu Zhimo's poems bring Xu Shu a calm and cathartic pleasure. "Wen Yiduo's poems are not venting, but saving. He gathers and stores emotions in the form of poems, and only gives limited venting, but this venting seems to be for storage. Reading Wen Yiduo's poems, we feel that the poet's anger, depression and anguish are heavy, which is the embodiment of the poet's dual temperament of literati and soldiers cast by traditional culture. Reading Xu Zhimo's poems, we can feel the poet's pure and lively nature constantly jumping. Wen Yiduo's poems are "vigorous and powerful", profound and dignified, such as "Lonely Goose", "Recalling Chrysanthemum" and "Still Water"; Xu Zhimo's poems are gentle and graceful, tactfully delicate, like the Cambridge Bridge, in the mountains, and I don't know where the wind blows. Wen Yiduo's poems are implicit and profound, such as Red Candle, Forget Her and Maybe. Xu Zhimo's poems are elegant and free-spirited, with fresh and natural styles, such as Happy Snowflakes, I Have a Love, and Accidental. Generally speaking, Wen Yiduo's and Xu Zhimo's poetry creation styles are very different, and Xu's poems are strong, gentle and sincere. Xu's poems are elegant when you listen. The formation of this style is closely related to their respective personalities. In other words, the personalities of the two poets determine their creative styles, and the styles fully show their personalities. The poetry creation of the two poets reached the harmonious unity of personality and style. They won the love of many readers at that time and later with their sincerity and talent, and also made a useful exploration for the maturity and perfection of China's new poetry form. Therefore, Mr. Wang Furen, a professor at Beijing Normal University, listed Wen Yiduo and Xu Zhimo as six poets with unique personalities and high achievements in the 1920s, and spoke highly of them.