Ah Q is a wandering farm laborer in Wei Zhuang. He has no tile on the ground, no field on the ground, and only lives by selling his own labor. "When you cut wheat, you cut wheat, and when you smash rice, you punt." He was brutally exploited, oppressed and humiliated, and was at the bottom of society. This book is already very sad, but it is particularly sad that he was brutally persecuted by the ruling class, numb and forgetful, self-deprecating, self-deceiving, and even bullying the weak to vent his injustice of being oppressed by others. It is at this level that the novel depicts Ah Q's character.
Second, Ah Q's character.
The main personality characteristic of Ah Q is the method of spiritual victory, that is, to achieve spiritual satisfaction and victory in imagination with a self-explanation method for the humiliation and failure in fact. The two chapters of "Victory Strategy" and "Continued Victory Strategy" focus on depicting this personality characteristic of Ah Q. He is very vague about his life experience, but when arguing with others, he will say, "We used to have much more money than you!" What are you! " ; He is embarrassed in life and has a low status. He can't even marry a wife, but he falsely boasts that "my son will have a lot of money" and shows blind arrogance. He is jealous of the scar on his head, and he is very upset, but when others insist on making fun of his scar, he will say "you don't deserve it", so he thinks that the scar on his head is unusual and "a noble and glorious sore"; When he was caught by a yellow braid and hit his head against the wall, he stood for a moment and thought, "I was finally beaten by my son, and the world is really disgraceful now ..." It showed his self-deception; Later, people beat him and asked him to admit that it was not his son who beat Lao Tzu, but the man who beat the beast. Ah Q was forced to say, "How about fighting insects?"? "I am a bug, don't let it go?" Should he give up now? No, he thought: He is the first person who can "degrade himself". Apart from "demeaning yourself", "the rest is the first rule". Isn't the champion also the first? "He won again in spirit; When the foreign money he won by gambling was robbed and he couldn't get rid of the "sudden unhappiness", he turned his mental frustration into victory by pretending that he was playing "another" and showed his self-destruction; Being hit on the head by Wang Hu is "the first humiliation in this life", eating a fake foreign devil's "funeral stick" is "the second humiliation in this life", and pretending to be "Long Hudou" with Xiao D, flirting with a little nun, showing its fear of bullying; Ah Q pursued Wu Ma and was scolded by Zhao Xiucai. After a while, he heard a noise outside and saw Wu Ma crying there. " He wanted to find out, so he approached Zhao. Just then, he suddenly saw Uncle Zhao running towards him, holding a big rip-off in his hand. When he saw this big rip-off, he suddenly realized that he had been beaten, which seemed to be related to this excitement ... "It showed Ah Q's incredible forgetfulness and numbness. Ah Q failed everywhere in reality but won with this magic weapon. This "spiritual victory method" is like an anesthetic, anesthetizing every nerve of him, making him unable to understand his tragic fate, living a life inferior to slavery, and never waking up until his death. At the end of his life, Ah Q comforted himself with "Sun Tzu drew a very round circle" and shouted: "Twenty years later, another one ..." His character remained unchanged until his death.
In a word, Ah Q's "spiritual victory law" is the epitome of the national inferiority.
Third, the image of Ah Q has profound typical significance.
First, he is "the soul of a modern China". The law of spiritual victory in The True Story of Ah Q belongs not only to backward farmers, but also to a national inferiority formed under the long-term feudal social and historical conditions and existing in all ethnic groups. Therefore, the image of Ah Q is instructive to China people, and it awakens China people to reform this backward and numb national inferiority.
Secondly, A Q's Revolution and its happy ending put forward the importance of enlightening farmers and citizens in the democratic revolution and objectively revealed the historical lessons of the Revolution of 1911. Farmers are the main force of the anti-feudal democratic revolution, but they are still in an unconscious state. The Revolution of 1911 did not launch and rely on farmers, but compromised with feudal forces. Ah Q had no choice but to vote for the revolution and was shot by the mixed revolutionary feudal forces. This is the tragedy of Ah Q and the 1911 Revolution.
The choice of "spiritual victory law" is almost beyond reproach. However, this choice has not changed the humiliating living condition of human failure at all, but only made people satisfied with the illusory compensation of "spiritual victory", and then succumbed to reality and became slaves of the existing environment. In this way, the choice of "spiritual victory" made in order to get rid of the desperate living environment has plunged people into an even more desperate abyss, and people's survival dilemma can never be shaken off. Lu Xun faced up to this living state and revealed an important aspect of human spiritual phenomenon, which made him have significance and value beyond the times and the nation.
Fourth, shape the image of Ah Q..
Simple, ignorant and smooth hooligans; Honesty, willfulness and orthodoxy; Self-esteem and inferiority; Competitive, submit to humiliation; Narrow-minded, conservative, blindly following the fashion; Reject heresy and yearn for revolution; Aversion to power, attachment to situation; Overbearing and cowardly; Sensitive taboos are numb and forgetful; Dissatisfied with the status quo, content with the status quo
Through vivid plots, The True Story of Ah Q has successfully created a number of artistic images, especially Ah Q, who is flesh and blood, vivid and distinctive in personality, and contains profound social and historical content, and has become an immortal artistic model.
Through the portrayal of Ah Q, the novel profoundly reveals the manifestations and serious harm of Ah Q's "spiritual victory method", "exposing suffering and attracting medical attention", enlightening people to cheer up and abandon the spiritual shackles that hinder progress.
1, spiritual victory is overhead
Ah Q had no economic status or political status at that time. He is a weak man, who is often bullied and fails everywhere. But he didn't dare to face up to the failure and admit it. He often used spiritual victory to cover up the failure in reality. He is often beaten. Every time he was beaten, he thought to himself, "The world is too bad now. My son beat Lao Zi. " Finally, I was beaten by my son. In this way, the man who beat him became his son, he became the father of others, and he won. When gambling, his pile of "very white and bright foreign money" was robbed by others and failed, but he "raised his right hand and punched two mouths in his face". Although he "wrote painfully, he calmed down after the game and seemed to hit himself, but he was beaten by others and soon seemed to hit others". Sometimes he was beaten and forced to call him a "bug", which seemed to be a "plague", but in less than ten seconds, he was "victorious" again. He thinks that he is "the first person who can degrade himself" and "everyone is the first one except himself". Isn't the champion also the' first'? "He is proud of this empty" first ". This spiritual victory in the air masks the painful failure in reality. This method of spiritual victory made him ignore bullying, unwilling to resist bullying, and always content to be bullied.
2. Blind self-esteem
In Wei Zhuang, everyone looks down on Ah Q. He is discriminated against everywhere, but he is very self-respecting. He had several boils on his head, so he tried his best to cover them up. He said "Chinese" with great taboo, and it sounded very close to "Chinese", even "light", "candle" and "bright". If others insist on making fun of his wife, he will say, "you don't deserve it!" " ""It seems that he is wearing a noble, curettage-like content sore ". He doesn't know what his family used to be like, but when quarreling with people, he often says, "We used to have much more money than you. What are you! "He doesn't even have a wife, but he often thinks," My son will be much richer! " "Even the body lice are not as much as those in Wang Hu, and the mouth is not as good as that of Wang Hu. He also thinks it's a scandal! This blind self-esteem makes him unable to face up to his shortcomings, even regard them as advantages, or comfort himself with illusory fantasies and indulge himself.
3. Blind rejection of "heresy"
Any novelty that Ah Q doesn't like, he regards it as "heresy" and rejects it blindly. For example, a city man called the bench a stool and fried bighead carp with shredded onion instead of onion leaves. He thinks the city people are wrong. Uncle Qian's son, Master Qian, went to study in Toyo. His braid was cut and his legs were straight. Ah Q "hates him". In addition, he also attaches great importance to "great defense for men and women". "His theory is that any nun must have an affair with a monk; A woman walking outside must want to seduce a man; A man and a woman are talking there, there must be activities. " Blindly rejecting "heresy" will inevitably make him stick to the rules, stick to the rules, oppose change, reject anything new, and always be content with the status quo.
4. Numbness and ignorance
Ah Q is an ignorant and insensitive person. He gambled happily in a tournament. Suddenly, "he didn't know who had a fight with whom and why. Swearing and footsteps, a large array of dizziness ""I seem to be very painful in several places, as if I had been punched several times. " The emphasis in the article was added by the author. ) In this way, he was robbed of a pile of foreign currency. The Zhao family was robbed, which was none of his business, but when he was caught in the county government, he confessed in a fog. He was caught in and out of prison, and his heart was at peace. He believes that "between the heavens and the earth of life, sometimes we have to grab it in and grab it out, and sometimes we have to draw circles on paper." Finally dragged out and beheaded. When he paraded in the street, "sometimes he was anxious, but sometimes he was calm;" Between his meanings, he seems to think that life in heaven and on earth must sometimes be beheaded. "
Mental ignorance and numbness prevented him from clearly understanding society, life and his sad fate, but he was in a daze and endured exploitation and oppression safely.
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