Scene summary and appreciation of ancient poetry

Go to the frontier to carry out tasks

Wangweitang

Riding a bike to visit the border and passing through Juyan County.

Pengpeng also floated out of Korea, and the geese heading north also flew into the sky.

The vast desert is lonely, and the Yellow River sets the yen.

Xiao Guan rides it every time, and it is protected in Yanran.

[Edit this paragraph] Note

1. From Notes on Wang Youcheng's Collection. This poem was written by Wang Wei when he went to frontier fortress as a supervisor in the 25th year of Kaiyuan (737).

2. Ambassador: I have been ordered to send an ambassador.

3. Bicycle: a car, which is described here as not having many followers in this trip. Ask the border: condolences to the border defense.

4. Dependent country: the abbreviation of classical country. In the Han Dynasty, officials in charge of foreign affairs were called classical countries, and poets used to call them envoys.

5. Juyan: The former site is in Ejina Banner, Inner Mongolia.

6. Qian Peng: Erigeron, here is the poet's self-metaphor.

7. Smoke: beacon smoke and fireworks during alarm.

8. Returning to the wild goose: Because the season is spring and the wild geese fly north, it is called "returning the wild goose into the lake field".

9. Desert: Great desert, here refers to the desert north of Liangzhou.

10. Long River: Yellow River (but some people think it's not the Yellow River, it's something else)

1 1. Xiaoguan: The name of the ancient customs, so the address is in the southeast of Guyuan, Ningxia.

12. Scouts on horseback. Wang Wei's mission to Hexi did not pass through the small pass, which was probably written in He Xun's poem "Waiting to ride out of the small pass and go to Mayi".

13. Duhu: In the Tang Dynasty, there was a Duhu mansion in the frontier fortress, and its chief was Duhu, referring to the former enemy commander.

14. Yanran: Yanran, now Mount Hang 'ai in Mongolia, stands for frontier defense. 1. From Notes on Wang Youcheng's Collection. This poem was written by Wang Wei when he went to frontier fortress as a supervisor in the 25th year of Kaiyuan (737).

[Edit this paragraph] Translation

Riding a bike to visit the border and passing through Juyan County.

With a few people who want to go to the frontier, the task is in the northwest frontier.

Pengpeng also floated out of Korea, and the geese heading north also flew into the sky.

Like a grass floating in the wind, it walks out of the border, and like a wild goose flying north, it enters the border.

The vast desert is lonely, and the Yellow River sets the yen.

A wisp of solitary smoke lit on the beacon tower rose into the sky in the vast desert, and the winding river set off the residual red of the sunset.

When I arrived at the small pass, I met a spy waiting for the knight and told me that Dou Hu was in Yan.

When I arrived at the frontier fortress, I didn't see the general. Reconnaissance cavalry reported that Duhu was crushing the enemy at the front.

[Edit this paragraph] Key points

The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river sets the yen.

This sentence depicts the magnificent and unique scenery outside the Great Wall: a wisp of solitary smoke lit on the beacon tower rises to the sky in the vast desert, and the winding Yellow River sets off the residual red of the sunset. Straight, wrote the height of solitary smoke; Round, wrote a low sunset, with a very neat antithesis will be open and bright, magnificent scene described incisively and vividly.

The role of the word "big" shows the boundless desert, which has no starting point and no end point.

& lt 1 & gt； It depicts the strange and magnificent frontier scenery and the majestic momentum of the desert.

& lt2> conveys subtle inner feelings.

& lt3> has a hidden proportion, a rich artistic conception and a broad vision.

However, some people say that "the desert is lonely and straight" does not hold water. Because in the desert, when the smoke rises to a certain height, it will cross over, and if it meets the wind, it will definitely not fall. Even if there is no wind, the smoke will rise zigzag. Moreover, it is not accurate to say that "the long river falls into the yen", and there is a saying that "the long river falls into the yen". So these two sentences are the poet's imagination.

[Edit this paragraph] Appreciate

In the 25th year of Kaiyuan (737), Wang Wei was ordered to visit the Xihe Provincial Government to express his condolences to the soldiers. This poem was written by the poet on his way to Xihe. This is a travel poem. The poet went to the frontier fortress on the orders of the imperial court. This poem describes what he saw and felt on this trip.

The first two sentences explain the purpose and place of this trip, why this poem was written, and the place where it was written shows the vastness of the frontier fortress. "I want to ask over there" is the purpose of the task. "Bicycle" means that there are few followers and the festival specifications are not high. Poetry reveals frustration in the chronicle, which is triggered by the word "bicycle". The last sentence said that I had been to this special area of Juyan, which became the basis of the scenery described in the poem.

Three or four sentences contain multiple meanings. From the sentence of "returning to the wild goose", we can see that the time to go to the frontier fortress this time is spring. When the grass is ripe, the branches and leaves are dry, and the roots leave the earth and float with the wind, so it is called "signing the crown". This sentence is the poet's feeling of loneliness by borrowing grass. When Cao Peng is mentioned in ancient poems, he mostly laments his own life experience. For example, Cao Zhi's miscellaneous poem (the second part) is called "Turning from the Root, Gone with the Wind", which is a famous example. "Going out to the Han Dynasty" in this poem just reflects the poet's itinerary. Moreover, these three words are very affectionate abroad, which deepens the feeling of occupation. When you leave your hometown, your feelings are always complicated, whether it is because of a difficult home, a difficult country to vote for, or a mission, as written in this poem. Regarding the poet's mission this time, he has been in a bad mood, which is different from Sima Xiangru's prestige and demeanor when he was favored by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in the early Han Dynasty and sent to the Southwest. The poet's frustration was related to the political struggle in the imperial court. Zhang Jiuling, the prime minister who has always attached importance to poets, was demoted to Jingzhou secretariat in April this year.

Poetry is written in contrasting expressions. "Zheng Peng" is in direct proportion to the poet, and "Returning to the Wild Goose" is in contrast to the poet. In spring, it is a good place for Yanbei to return to its old nest to raise chicks. Facing the desert sandstorm, the poet drifted to the Great Wall like a loose grass, and the situation was very different.

Five or six sentences describe the magnificent scene in the polishing of border crossings, with a broad realm and vigorous weather. This couplet consists of two paintings. The first picture is a lonely smoke in the desert. Being in the desert, the poet is presented with such a scene: the yellow sand is boundless and endless. Look up at the sky, there is not a cloud in the sky. Without vegetation, there is no travel. Looking from a distance, I saw a wisp of solitary smoke rising at the end of the sky, and the poet's spirit did it one brace up, as if this desert had a little vitality. It is a lighthouse, which tells the poet that this trip is about to reach its destination. The beacon smoke is a typical frontier fortress scene, and "solitude and straightness" highlights the atmosphere of frontier fortress. Judging from the composition of the picture. Adding a column of white smoke between the blue sky and the yellow sand becomes the center of the whole picture, which is the finishing touch. Kunya: "ancient fireworks, with wolf smoke, gather straight, although the wind is not oblique." Zhao Diancheng, a Qing Dynasty man, said: "Only when you see the scenery with your own eyes can you know the beauty of the word' straight'." This is from words.

The other is a sunset over a long river. This is a close-up shot. The poet stood on the hill overlooking the winding river. In the evening, the sunset lowered the river, and the river was sparkling. What a wonderful moment it is! The poet only quoted a word "circle", which accurately described the scenery characteristics of the sunset on the river. As a result of choosing such a perspective, the red sun suddenly enters and exits in the long river, adding to the magnificence of the river swallowing the sun and the moon, thus making the whole picture more magnificent.

The poet focused his pen and ink on what he was best at winning-writing landscapes. The author's mission takes place in spring. On the way, I saw a few lines of returning geese to the north. The poet made a metaphor on the spot, and compared himself with returning geese, which was both narrative and scenery-writing, which was natural and appropriate. In particular, the link of "lonely smoke in the desert, long river setting the yen" describes the strange and magnificent scenery outside the Great Wall after entering the frontier fortress. The picture is open and the artistic conception is magnificent, which is called "the wonders of the ages" by Wang Guowei. The frontier desert is boundless, so the word "big" of "desert" is used. The frontier fortress is desolate and wonders. The smoke lit by the beacon tower is particularly eye-catching, so it is called "solitary smoke". A word "solitary" describes the monotony of the landscape, and a word "straight" behind it also shows its strength and perseverance. There are no mountains and trees in the desert, and the Yellow River flowing through it cannot express the poet's feelings unless a word "long" is used. Sunset, originally easy to give people a sentimental impression, uses the word "round" here, but it gives people a feeling of warmth and boundless. The word "circle" and "straight" not only accurately describes the desert scene, but also shows the author's deep affection. The poet skillfully blends his loneliness into the description of the vast natural scenery. The forty-eighth chapter of A Dream of Red Mansions said: "The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river sets the yen." . How straight do you want to smoke? The sun is naturally round. The word' straight' seems unreasonable, and the word' round' seems too vulgar. When I closed the book and remembered, I seemed to have seen this scene. You have to look for two more words of these two, but you can't find two words. The advantage of "this is" poetry is indescribable, but it is vivid when you want to leave; "It seems unreasonable, and it is reasonable to want to go." This passage also reveals the superb artistic realm of these two poems.

A Brief Introduction to Wang Wei's Poet Wang Wei (70 1-76 1), a famous poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, was a rich and successful official, originally from Qi (now Qixian, Shanxi), moved to Yongji, Shanxi, believed in Buddhism and lived in Lantian in his later years. He is good at drawing figures, bamboos and landscapes. There are two kinds of landscapes recorded by the Tang people: one is similar to Li's father and son, the other is painted by breaking ink, and the latter is his masterpiece. Unfortunately, no original works have been handed down from generation to generation. The Snow Stream Map and Jinan Mansion handed down to him are not original works. Su Shi commented that "there are paintings in poetry; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. " He is a representative of the pastoral poetry school in Tang Dynasty. Kaiyuan Jinshi He served as Da Lecheng and You Shiyi. When An Lushan rebelled, he was forced to assume a false post. He has made great achievements in poetry and painting. Su Dongpo praised him for "painting in poetry and poetry in painting", especially for his achievements in landscape poetry. Together with Meng Haoran, they are called "Wang Meng". In his later years, he was careless about his official career and devoted himself to being a Buddha. Later, he was called "Shi Fo".

Wang Wei's creative talents are manifold. His five laws and five or seven words are the highest attainments, and he is also good at other subjects, which is quite prominent in the whole Tang Dynasty poetry circle. His seven laws are either rich and gorgeous, or beautiful and elegant, which were learned by the seven sons of the Ming Dynasty. Seven ancient poems, Peach Blossom, Old General and Answering My Brother with Cui Fu, are among the best among the seven ancient poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, with their scattered forms and erratic momentum. Prose also has excellent works. The Book of Mountains Pei Xiucai's Cuisine is beautiful, meaningful and poetic, which is similar to its landscape poetry style.

What Wang Wei lacks in concentration is those eulogizing and eulogizing poems, flattering chorus poems and works that directly promote Buddhism. Their content is not enough, and their language is full of cliches or boredom. However, there are also some famous sayings, such as "the leaves covered by the spring rain are in the double wind of the imperial city in the clouds" ("looking down in the spring rain during the process of adding pavilions from Xianshan Palace to Hehuang Poetry"), which are also praised for their high weather and meticulous objects. The illustrations of Wang Weishi's "Youth Journey" are selected from the Yazhai block-printed edition of the Ming Wanli Collection "Seven Words of Tang Poetry".

Climb Yueyang Tower (1) ①

the Chen Dynasty

Dongting Dongjiang River is in the west, the curtain remains the same, and the sunset is late.

Deng Wu Shu is divided into two parts, leaning against the lake and mountain until dusk.

Wan Li road is still long, but it is more difficult than three years.

In the ancient wind and frost, the old man has no complaints or sorrows.

(1) from Chen. Chen (1090- 1 138) was a poet in the Song Dynasty. Qu Fei, nicknamed Jian Zhai, was born in Luoyang (now Henan) and was a famous poet at the turn of the Northern and Southern Dynasties. "Climbing Yueyang Tower" is two songs. (2) 【 curtain sutra 】 The cover of a hotel or teahouse. The sunset slowly sets. Too late, too slow. (4) 【 Wu Shu divided the land equally 】 During the Three Kingdoms period, Wu and Shu fought for Jingzhou, and Lu Su, the general of Wu, led 10,000 troops to Yueyang City. Horizontal segmentation, here refers to segmentation. (5) [Migration] Wandering. ⑥ 【 More than three years difficult 】 The Northern Song Dynasty perished in the spring of the first year of Jingkang in Song Qinzong (1 126), and it has been three years since this poem was written. ⑦ refers to the stairs. By, by. Danger means height

Climb Yueyang Tower (1)

First, the overall understanding

In the spring of the first year of Song Qinzong Jingkang (1 126), the nomads from the northern song dynasty broke through Kaifeng. Like most poets (such as Li Qingzhao) at the turn of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty, Chen's life experience and literary creation are divided into two periods according to the difficulty of Jing Kang. Before that, he took the usual path of becoming famous in official career. At the age of 24, he was awarded the title of Song Huizong Zhenghe Scholar for three years (113). He is good at painting and calligraphy and is famous for his poems. He was deeply appreciated by the emperor, and his official position changed repeatedly, but he was unconsciously involved in the whirlpool of political struggle. When the Jingkang disaster occurred, Chen was demoted to be a small official of Chen Liu (now southeast of Kaifeng, Henan Province) to be a wine tax supervisor, and naturally joined the ranks of refugees, and went south to Hunan, drifting from Hunan to Hunan and being displaced. He went into exile in Dongting Lake, boarded Yueyang Tower several times, grieved for national affairs with his friends, drank wine to drown his sorrows, and wrote several poems to commemorate his events. This lesson is one of them.

This is a seven-character poem, the first of two poems about Yueyang Tower, and the opening work of the poet's writing about Yueyang Tower, so it is carefully crafted and serious. The first part describes the geographical location of Yueyang Tower, which is grandly launched from a macro perspective with Dongting Lake and the Yangtze River as the background. In a seven-character poem, the poet skillfully uses the two directional words "East" and "West" and connects them with lakes and rivers, which shows the location of Yueyang Tower. Then write what you see when you look up, "The curtain is still and the sunset is late." This sentence is a colorful stroke of the whole poem, which seems ordinary, but in fact it is delicate. "Curtain Scene" is a close shot, "Sunset" is a long shot, and the close shot and the long shot are combined into one. As you can imagine, the poet's line of sight scanned from near to far, gradually released and merged into the boundless twilight. The static curtain shows that the lake is calm; The sunset reminds us of the tranquility of the night. How can such poetic imagery not arouse the poet's rich reverie?

The couplets in the poem are produced from the static and soothing description of the scenery and transformed into strong lyricism. Like variations of music, these two poems seem to repeat the above themes, but their styles are quite different. "Landing with Wu Chu and sharing the land equally" is also about the geographical location of landing, but it adds a heavy sense of history; "By the lake and the mountain, I want to see the scenery at dusk", but I feel a little disappointed. This gradual change is a contrast, a transition, and a description of the integration of things and me. Here, the subject image of the poet appears in the poem inadvertently and naturally. He is thinking, wandering, blending into the scene and expressing his feelings through the scene.

After gaining momentum ahead, the poem's neck couplet finally issued the loudest and strongest cry in a way close to direct call: "Wan Li is still looking forward to a long journey, and it is more difficult to rely on risks for more than three years." These two poems express the resentment in the heart of the minister. The antithesis of "Wan Li" and "Three Years" tells their stories from the span of space and time respectively, and has received the artistic effect of double superposition, which makes people feel deeply. The poet's "visit from Wan Li" is just an elegant expression of Wan Li's escape, but what can it do? The anguish in my heart had to be dissolved in the "vision". "More than three years is difficult" has been overwhelming, but the mountains here still have to climb. How can people stand it? At this point, poetry has been full of twists and turns, pushing feelings to the extreme.

In the last couplet of the poem, Gu Ying felt sorry for himself and ended the whole article with infinite sadness. At this time, the poet has reached the age of forty and has reached the age of no doubt, so he said "hoary head"; Not to mention hurting today, but "hanging over the past" is implicit and meaningful; "Wind and frost" clearly refers to natural things, which is a metaphor for social reality, pun intended; And "Old Mu Cangbo" is the coat that wraps the poet's image. Full of sadness and hatred, it can be said that "one scene is difficult to write." For example, at present, it contains endless meanings, which can be seen outside the words "(Ouyang Xiu's poem of June 1 day, quoted from Mei).

On Chen's rhyming style from this poem

Du Fu's poet Chen, especially his regular poems, clearly shows the characteristics of Lao Du, which can be described as both form and spirit. The reason for this is that there are similar experiences in life besides deliberate imitation and pursuit. Du Fu fled to Chengdu and never returned to his native land in the north. He is heartbroken and has almost no horses. Chen experienced the pain of Jing Kang, and also felt the pain of national destruction and death. Although the severity of his suffering is not as serious as that of Du Fu, and his "prognosis" is good-he later dabbled in politics and was in the position of Zaifu, but his perception and experience of troubled times are similar to Du Fu's, which inevitably has Du Fu's shadow. When talking about this poem, predecessors thought that it was similar to Du Fu's Ascending the Mountain and was the best. That is, compared with the three poems of Du Fu that we have just learned, we can also see the Du Fu style of Chen's poems. Du Like Fu, he is good at refining words, but also good at description and discussion. The rest, such as magnificent scenery, heroic lyric, loud rhyme and skillful workmanship, have many similarities. However, pure imitation cannot achieve Chen's status as a great poet in the Song Dynasty. While imitating, he is also full of changes, focusing on personal feelings and specific situations, innovating and forming his own style. That is to say, as far as this poem is concerned, the same "ge" can't be found in Du Fu's poems, because it has delicate control, light operation and delicate feelings. It can't be said that Du Fu disdains this. After all, there is a poet in an era. "Jiangshan has talented people and has been leading the way for hundreds of years."

Interviewee: qwejin 003- Trainee Magician Level 3 10-30 20:52

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