When tourists leave the Three Gorges, Chu is a plain.
Beike followed Nanjia and Shu ships between Wu Qiang.
The river intruded into the Ye Ping fault, and the wind swept the white sand.
If you want to ask the meaning of rise and fall, the city has been strong since ancient times.
Secondly,
The old warring States period in the south is still bleak.
Generosity is due to Liu Biao, desolation is due to Qu Yuan.
There are still wells in this ghost town, which was called Chengju Village in ancient times.
Winning by observing the appearance is also a solution, and I dare not talk about dressing up.
third
In the east corner of the city, the king looked at the sand.
Jiangshan is not a country, and fire is afraid of three cars.
Fighting bones fall into autumn grass, and dangerous buildings lean on the sunset.
A hundred years of heroes are exhausted, disturbing fish and shrimp.
[attention]
① Ancient surnames: According to Taiping Universe, ancient surnames refer to Wu, Wu, Cheng, Shi, Long, Ying (Wuchang) and Bian, Wu and Gong (Wuling).
② Looking at the sand: Gao Jixing, the back beam, built a building to look at the sand, hence the name "Looking at the sand building". In the Northern Song Dynasty, Chen Yaozi was renamed Zhong Xuan Building.
Distinguish and appreciate
Su Shi's poems are all excellent. Some people only pay attention to seven ancient poems, seven laws and seven verses and ignore five words, which is not comprehensive. Ten Poems of Jingzhou is the representative work of Su Shi's five-character poems in his youth. Anyone who has read Du Fu's Qinzhou Miscellaneous Poems will realize its origin. In the second year of Jiayou (1057), two brothers Su Shi were selected as Jinshi in the same list, but unfortunately their mother died in Sichuan on April 8. The two brothers went home to bury their mother and mourn. In the fourth year of Jiayou (1059), my mother died of illness in September and returned to Korea in October. Several ministers of the imperial court recommended Su Xun to go out of the mountain, so the father and son took water from the Three Gorges to Jingzhou together, and then went north by land. Along the way, three people wrote 100 poems, which were compiled into Southbound Collection, but they were not completely separated. Arrived at Jiangling Station on February 8 this year/KLOC-0, and left Jiangling North on the fifth day of the first month of the following year. I have written ten Jingzhou poems in the past few days.
The beauty of the Three Gorges mountains and rivers and the richness of historical sites and legends are arousing young poets' poetic thoughts. Before Jingzhou, he wrote an article "Out of the Gorge", which began: "When you enter the Gorge, you like rocks, but when you leave the Gorge, you love peace. The heart is light and tired, and it is comfortable when it comes to situations. " Connecting with the word "out of the gorge", we can understand the first two sentences of Ten Poems of Jingzhou and briefly describe the feelings of first arriving in Jingzhou. "Tourists leaving the Three Gorges" seems dull, but in connection with previous articles, it can be seen that this is indeed the poet's special feeling when he leaves the gorge. In sharp contrast with the Three Gorges, Pingchuan wrote the topographical features and used "Chu land" to cover up the sense of ups and downs. The content of ten poems cannot be separated from this premise. Write a busy landscape with land and water in three or four sentences. From the vertical position, Wu Qiang, a Sichuan ship, said that the north passenger and south Canada were in the horizontal position, which unfolded a picture of the ship and the car in front of the readers. In the tenth song, the author used these two sentences: "North meets Xu Deng, south goes to Hengxiang". From the perspective of poetic rhythm, these two sentences are used just right.
Five or six sentences changed the syntax and wrote about the natural scenery of Jingzhou. The plain where the river flows was originally irrelevant, but when the river invaded Ye Ping, the rigid sketch was moved. The second sentence of Ye Ping and Pingchuan emphasizes the word "Ping", which is strictly flawed, but there is no more appropriate word to replace it, which is not uncommon in Tang poetry. This sentence is looking straight into the distance. "Wind and white sand whirl" means looking straight at close range. Water is windy, but the wind in the plain feels different from that in the canyon. What is written here is the whirlwind that is often seen by the water, "the wind rolls white sand", which seems to make people see the scene of the whirlwind rolling up the sand column by the water. But after all, this is a plain whirlwind, which is different from the scenery where the yellow sand goes straight to the white clouds outside the Great Wall. Jingzhou was the land of victory in the late Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang replied to Liu Bei in Longzhong: "Jingzhou is a martial country, with the Han Mian in the north, the South China Sea in the east, Wu Hui in the east and Bashu in the west." From the Three Kingdoms to the Five Dynasties, it was a military place. The two couplets in the middle are both from a geographical point of view. The last two sentences cannot but be reviewed by history. At the end of the first poem of a group of poems, we should be able to talk about this poem, talk about the later poems, and even trigger it. This ending is just right. "I want to ask about the meaning of rise and fall", thinking that the ancient affair is a matter of interest, that's all. "Heavy cities have been strong since ancient times", which seems to be irrelevant. The word "since ancient times" is worth pondering. Saying "firm since ancient times" not only shows a long history, but also contains the meaning of "today is not what it used to be", which lays the foundation for the following songs.
The second song comes from the end of the first song. The first sentence is massive. Copy that, Jingzhou. From the Three Kingdoms to the Five Dynasties, this is a battleground for military strategists. But it has been 130 years since the early Song Dynasty to the author's time. "Heavy cities have been strong since ancient times", and we can also see the intention of bleak management from Liu Biao. Saying "the meaning still exists" is like saying "it has been strong since ancient times" in the first sentence. The implication is that today's face has changed, and the word "ghost town" echoes from afar. Jingzhou regime began with Liu Biao at the end of Han Dynasty. Liu Biao is not worthy of the name. Coupled with this excellent geographical situation, he did not dare to fight for the Central Plains in the north. He did nothing until Liu Cong surrendered to Cao, so the author was generous and unfair. This darkness echoes the seven sentences "I also know the shape and win." The fourth sentence comes from the first sentence "Old Warring States". Seven heroes in the Warring States Period, Chu has the widest territory. Wang Huai deposed Qu Yuan and died in Qin, which led to the decline of the country and finally died in Qin. Thinking about the situation in the Warring States period will inevitably lead to Qu Yuan's life of grief and indignation, so he still feels desolate after a thousand years. When I passed through Zhongzhou, I saw the Quyuan Tower built by the people to commemorate Quyuan. It was on this topic that a poem was written, saying, "Chu people grieved for Qu Yuan and never stopped for thousands of years. Where does the spirit drift? My father choked. Today, on the Cangjiang River, I have put rice to quench my thirst. Heritage becomes a race, lamenting the cracks in Chushan. Qu Yuan, an ancient strong man, has a strong desire to die. " Only by looking at Qu Yuan Tower can we appreciate the weight of the word "bleak". At the same time, this poem is closely related to the ending of the tenth poem "Chu is in the world, Wang xin is weak", and the feeling of ups and downs is beyond words. The couplet "ghost town" echoes the end of a poem and the first two sentences of this article, indicating that Jingzhou has a long history. Although abandoned repeatedly, the old well still exists and the ancient tribes still gather.
At the end, the author implicitly conceits that he has economic and military talents. The word "Yi" seems to be nominal, but in fact it comes from three or four sentences, which reminds people of Qu Yuan's lofty aspirations and Zhuge Liang's "Long Zhong Dui". The author has a poem "Eight Arrays" in the gorge, which is impassioned and written by Kong Ming. The eighth sentence pays light tribute to the ancient times and praises the Qingming unity of the contemporary world, from the Warring States Period to the Five Dynasties. Saying "dare not say" means that you have the talent in this field, but it is not necessary in times of peace. Beauty stops at the first sight, which is intriguing. This poem is mainly lyrical, connecting the preceding with the following in ten poems, which led to the rise and fall of Jingzhou.
The fourth poem in the group satirizes the Gaos in the south of Beijing by taking advantage of the scenery of Shalou. Because of the five generations of heroes, the writing is different from the first two poems. The first sentence states the location and situation of Wang Sha Tower, which makes people feel as if they have won in the headwind. The second period is the name of looking at the sand, which leads to the heyday of Gao. Three or four laughed at his fear and incompetence. Gao once courted , the later Tang Dynasty, Nanhan, Fujian and Sichuan, and called them "high thieves". In the turbulent season of the Five Dynasties, people took refuge in many parties, so they were called "non-state". These three words are vivid and implicit. "A bonfire is afraid of three buses" directly denounced its cowardice. In the late Tang Dynasty, Gu Tao was sent to Jingnan, and Gao Conghui once boasted that he would cut Shu, but he was afraid of Shu like a tiger. Sanba refers to Baxian, Badong and Brazil, which means Shu. Because it is dual with "one country", it uses 38. It is an illusion to "fight bone and fall grass". Imagine how many innocent soldiers were buried under the bones when you saw autumn grass. I secretly used Zhang Ji's poem "Every year, bones are full of autumn grass", but the word "autumn" is very heavy. "A dangerous building leans against the sunset" points out the current scenery, echoing the sentence "Zhu Threshold". The heavy buildings on the Zhu sill set off against the broken clouds, leaning against the sill and facing the wind, and the scenery was all collected. But there is a word "broken" in the sky, which is not only a natural scenery, but also connected with the rise and fall of history, which makes people daydream. This is the author's deliberate rhetoric. "A Hundred Years of Heroes", pushed away. The five generations are separated, and the competition is fierce. History is always tied. "Disturbing fish and shrimp" is what we have seen so far. This couplet is related to the second "Dare to Talk about Peace" in meaning. Cha thinks that fish and shrimp are better than "the five dynasties monarch and minister usurped the country". ("Su Shi Bu" Volume II) Zhao disagrees with this statement and thinks that fish and shrimp are what the building sees ("Su Shi Comment" Volume I). Zhao's refutation of Cha's statement is not unreasonable, but it is also untrue. Su Shi's poems set heroes and fish and shrimp against each other and set each other off into interest. There is a contrast between what he sees now and what he saw in the past, but there is no lack of irony. The so-called half distance is implicit and interesting. This technique is often used in old poems, so it is necessary to get the message, not to realize it too much.
Ten Poems of Jingzhou, though not completed in one go, also has its ups and downs, and it is just a poem of Qinzhou. A number of songs in the middle are sparse and dense. The three songs chosen here are still closely related. There are many songs on a topic, so we should pay attention to the connection between articles and the change of writing style. Each song has different emphasis and expression, which can't be ignored when enjoying it.
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Author: Zhou Benchun