Wang Yinglou is a famous historian, educator and calligrapher in modern China. Calligraphy, couplets, riddles and poems are all excellent, and he has the reputation of "Dongjiang gifted scholar".
Chinese name: Wang Yinglou
Nationality: China.
Ethnic group: Han nationality
Occupation: China famous modern literature historian.
Representative works: Wang Yinglou's calligraphy collection, calligraphy works 160.
Gender: male
outline
Wang Yinglou (1893 ~ 1962), whose real name is Joan _, whose real name is Boju, whose real name is Yinglou, was born in Fucheng, Huizhou (now Qiaoxi, Huizhou). I have been diligent and studious since I was a child. When I was a child, I studied in Huizhou Middle School, and my academic performance was excellent. Every summer vacation, I will pick a load of books to go to Baihefeng and stay in Tam Kung Temple to read quietly. After graduating from high school, he studied poetry and calligraphy under Qin Xudong and Wu Dao. 1908 (thirty-four years of Guangxu in Qing dynasty), joined the China League. He has served as county magistrate of Meixian County, secretary of Nanshan Administration Bureau, secretary of Huiyang County and Boluo County Government. During his tenure as secretary of Boluo county government, he solved the long-standing problem of clan and faction struggle in Hongbaiqi county. Whenever a county is invaded by floods or bandits, he tries to relieve, rescue and appease the people. Wang Yinglou is awe-inspiring. In the early days of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Ye Zhao was promoted to commander-in-chief of the 35th Army, and Wang Yinglou was invited to be the secretary-general of the General Command. However, because Zhao also opposed Sun Yat-sen, Wang Yinglou refused for three times in a row. Wang is neither supercilious nor supercilious to his boss, insisting on principles and uncompromising. He often publishes his works in the columns of newspapers such as Yuehua Daily, Fair Daily and Phenomenon Daily. The articles written criticize the disadvantages of the times, and people dare not say what they say. 1939 (in 28 years of the Republic of China), when he was the secretary of Huiyang county government, he was very dissatisfied with the fact that his hometown was ravaged by the Japanese army and the people's livelihood was bleak, while the local officials were still drunk and dreaming, and he wrote poems to express his indignation. A poem wrote: "Who has made mistakes in this life? Children's plays try to publicize to the soldiers. Birds sing at dusk, the enemy retreats first, and the city is defeated by pedestrians. I would like to return to my hometown early today, which has nothing to do with it. " Before the second fall of Huizhou in May 194 1, Commissioner Kelvin Chen, Huiyang county magistrate Huang Peilun and other officials had fled. A few days after the Japanese army retreated, it still refused to return to the agency to preside over government affairs and maintain social order. For a time, Huizhou people were terrified and the social order was in chaos. When Wang Yinglou saw this scene, he wrote a couplet and posted it at the gate of the Fourth Administrative Supervision Department, mocking Chen and Huang for their greed for money and fear of death. Li Anyun said, "The enemy has retreated for three days. Where can we find the county magistrate? When the people return home in a few days, there is no way to cry. " The citizens applauded it. 1946 (35 years of the Republic of China) 165438+ 10. In October, Liang Guocai bought a Huiyang county magistrate for 40,000 Hong Kong dollars. During Liang's tenure, he sold officials and titles and pursued personal fraud. When Wang Yinglou heard the news, he posted a book on the sentry box at the intersection of Fucheng, saying, "I don't know anything. A sick businessman harms the people and the country; As pointed out by thousands of people, corrupt officials are mediocre. " Expose its face to the fullest. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, he was engaged in Chinese teaching in middle schools for a long time, and he loved solve riddles on the lanterns, so he was called "Mystery Saint" by Hui people.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Wang Yinglou served as the principal of Huizhou Overseas Chinese Middle School and the librarian of Guangdong Literature and History Museum. His calligraphy works and many plaques in Huizhou West Lake Scenic Area are from his hands. His calligraphy was first learned in Chu Suiliang, later in Huanggu and later in Weibei. Its body is both rigid and flexible; Its valley is delicate and vigorous; Its Wei Bei is "a brand-new fragrance". 1960 Calligraphy works participated in the "World China Calligraphy Exhibition" held in Tokyo, and won the second place. He is the author of 240 Calligraphy Poems and Wang Yinglou's Calligraphy Collection.
Basic overview
Wang Yinglou (June189312 ~ June196265438+1October 28th), born in Huizhou, is famous for its Jingxiang, whose real name is Boju and Houyinglou. He studied hard since he was a child. He studied in Huizhou Middle School and studied literature and poetry under Wu Daorong and Zhang. Every summer vacation, he would pick a bunch of books to study in Tam Kung Temple, Baihefeng. During his tenure as secretary of Boluo county government, the long-term and intractable struggle of the county's famous red and white flags disappeared; Whenever floods or bandits harass, people are relieved, and people are relieved. Because of impartiality and never favoritism, it is deeply loved by the people.
Literacy
Wang Yinglou is a famous expert in literature and history in Huizhou. He has collected, sorted out and studied literature and history, calligraphy, classical poetry, couplets, riddles, folk songs, children's songs and even Huizhou folk weddings and funerals, especially in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, with profound attainments and wide knowledge. In calligraphy, first learn Chu Suiliang, then Huang Tingjian in the Northern Song Dynasty, and then learn the North Monument. He read widely, learned from others, and dabbled in 160 schools. Among them, Wang Yinglou's "Valley Body" won the highest praise from Huang Tingjian and was praised as "Valley of Today" by Mai, a famous modern calligrapher in China. Mai also wrote a postscript for his own writing: "Chu in the reverse studio is beautiful and vigorous, both rigid and flexible, which is deeply loved by the audience and needs tens of thousands of photocopiers." His parallel prose is exquisite and full of emotion. Moreover, his poems are exquisite and brilliant, and the seven-rhythm poems are also quite charming.
Wang Xiajun, the son of Wang Yinglou and a famous calligrapher, once commented on his father like this: "He is less ambitious, studious and honest, doesn't care about dignitaries, and often criticizes the administration when he is in power, so he offends himself and even has a rough life. Although I am open-minded, I am not ashamed to ask questions, I don't care about poverty, but I also lost what I have learned. "
annals
★ Rare reputation of "child prodigy"
Wang Yinglou was smart and talented from an early age. At the age of 3, I can recite books such as San Zi Jing and Hundred Family Names. He could write Spring Festival couplets when he was eight years old. At that time, most of the Spring Festival couplets of his neighbors and relatives came from him. /kloc-when he was 0/2 years old, his uncle took him to see his cousin and scholar Hu to test his studies. Hu asked what he had learned, and his answer was endless. David Wu was amazed and called him a "prodigy", so Wang Yinglou took part in the boy test. But because I was too young, I was scared by the salute of the examination meeting. Wang Yinglou not only regretted going to the examination room, but also fell ill later. Subsequently, the imperial examination system was abolished and Wang Yinglou entered Huizhou Middle School. Every summer vacation, I go to Baihefeng for the summer with a load of books. At school, it was among the best in every exam, and was praised by Zhang Youren and other teachers at that time.
★ Master Wu Daorong and Zhang Zhai Wei
Wang Yinglou studied literature and poetry with Wu Daorong, a former Qing Dynasty juren. When Wu Daorong was the editor-in-chief of a newspaper in Guangzhou, Wang Yinglou often contributed articles. Later, he met and had a good talk. At that time, when Wu Daorong was about 60 years old, he was quite famous in the field of poetry and prose in Guangdong. He asked Wang Yinglou if he would like to learn from the teacher. Wang Yinglou readily agreed and immediately learned from the teacher. Since then, Wang Yinglou has often contributed articles for teachers to correct, and his literary attainments have benefited a lot, and the relationship between teachers and students is harmonious. Later, 80-year-old Wu Daorong also presented a couplet to Wang Yinglou, "Twenty-four sages gather in the mountains, and the event is rare in 306 days."
Wang Yinglou also studied the poems of the former dynasty and introduced them to Mr. Zhang. Zhang Zeng wrote Yuan Yuanqu as a gift to him.
★ Follow Sun Yat-sen
1905, Sun Yat-sen planned an armed uprising in Huizhou after the establishment of the Revolutionary League of 1911. 1In August, 907, Sun Yat-sen sent Guo Gong, a member of the League, to Huizhou to work in Huizhou Middle School to carry out revolutionary propaganda. The arrival of Guo Gong aroused students' patriotic enthusiasm and desire for revolutionary reform. Wang Yinglou is also one of them. 1908 officially joined the China League and followed Sun Yat-sen in revolutionary activities.
Wang Yinglou was a man of integrity and showed great loyalty to Dr. Sun Yat-sen. At that time, when Ye Zhao became the commander-in-chief of the 35th Army, he went to Wang Yinglou's apartment three times to ask him to be the secretary-general of the General Command. Although Wang Yinglou was unemployed and had no income at this time, his visit was rejected by Wang Yinglou because Ye Zhao opposed Sun Yat-sen's revolution.
★ Clever pen satirizes powerful people
1935, the General Command of chandy No.1 Army was recruiting secretaries, and there were more than 100 candidates. Wang Yinglou also attended. One day, Professor Guan from National University came to visit the Wangs. As soon as they met, they congratulated Wang Yinglou loudly. "Congratulations, Jun High School won the championship, but I only have 27 ears." On that day, all the major newspapers listed Wang Yinglou as the first in the exam. However, when Wang Yinglou went to report for duty, he was announced to have won the second place, while the first place was vacant. It turns out that in this paper, Wang Yinglou wrote a poem "Expressing My Feelings in Yuexiu Mountain", secretly persuading Chen to put unity and resistance to Japan first and not to kill people, so he offended Chen and got the position of director of Mingde Branch. The following year, Wang Yinglou took the opportunity to retire because he was dissatisfied with what Chen had done.
According to Mr. Huang Dingguo, a neighbor, in May of 194 1, Japanese troops invaded Huizhou from Zhangmutou and Shilong, while Kelvin Chen, Commissioner and security commander of Guangdong Fourth Administrative Region, and Huang Peilun, the county magistrate of Huiyang County, had already escaped. After the Japanese army entered the city, they burned and looted, and the areas around Jindai Street and Housuo Street were scorched with corpses everywhere. People shouted loudly. However, the "parents" Commissioner Chen and county magistrate Huang still dare not return to Hui to preside over the overall situation. At this time, Wang Yinglou is taking refuge with his family. Seeing the horror, he was very angry, so he copied a copy of the book and posted it at the gate of Huizhou administrative supervision department. Lian said, "When the enemy retreats for three days, where can we find a county magistrate? The people have been back for a few days, and there is no way to find a Commissioner. "
★ Resign for public anger
From Li Qiqing and Jiang, in the cultural circle, to Liao, Ye Ting and Deng in the political circle, Huizhou people seem to have inherited the humanistic spirit of not dealing with powerful people, and Wang Yinglou is no exception.
Wang Yinglou was familiar with Liu Binggang in his early years. Later, Liu Binggang was appointed as the director of Nanshan Administration Bureau and invited Wang Yinglou as the secretary (second in command). Wang Yinglou went to Huiyang County as a secretary with Liu Binggang (as the county magistrate) because of old love. At this time, Japan withdrew from Huizhou, and everything was in ruins. However, Liu Binggang, the county magistrate, did not lead people to rebuild their homes. On the contrary, he intensified his killing of people.
After Japan retreated, there were car shells bombed by the Japanese army in the street. Zhang Gongyou, a citizen, bought parts to assemble cars, trying to maintain traffic between Huizhou and Pingshan, and reported it to Liu Binggang, but he was not approved by the county magistrate to go to the streets. So, Zhang Gongyou tried to drive the car on the road. Unexpectedly, he was immediately caught by the police, seized the car and sold the parts. There are countless such things. Wang Yinglou pleaded for the people many times, even made faces and argued, but could not get an answer, so he resigned angrily.
★ Teaching and educating people
Besides following Sun Yat-sen's revolution, Wang Yinglou is more of an intellectual and educator. In his early years, he taught in Guangzhou Provincial Women's Normal School, Huiyang County Middle School, Pingping Middle School and Huizhou Provincial No.3 Middle School, and in his later years, he served as the principal of Huizhou Overseas Chinese Middle School. Mainly teaches classical literature and history. According to Wang Xiajun's memory, Wang Yinglou never brought a textbook to teach and read the text sentence by sentence. The score is not bad. There are so many students crowded inside and outside the classroom. After a semester, the students are still not satisfied, and there are still many expectations.
According to Julian Waghann, nephew of Wang Yinglou, during the winter and summer vacations of 1948, Wang Yinglou attended classes at home at the request of students. Wang Yinglou is ahead of the times. He believes that Chinese and English are the foundation, and even if some students continue to study unconditionally in the future, it will be useful for their future work and development. So, he invited his old friend, Mr. Hu, an English master in Guangzhou at that time, to teach together, specializing in Chinese and English classes, which set a precedent for education.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Wang Yinglou taught in Huizhou County Middle School until liberation. Wang Yinglou was appointed as the librarian of Guangdong Provincial Museum of Literature and History, the headmaster of Huizhou Overseas Chinese Middle School, and was later elected as the deputy to the provincial people's congress and a member of CPPCC. During the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, Wang Yinglou also wrote poems such as Paper Tiger and Liberation of Taiwan Province Province to express his political inclination.
Former residence of old land
★ The dormitory of prefectural party committee has been built in the former residence.
According to Julian Waghann's memory of Wang Yinglou's nephew, the Wangs moved from the south bank of the river to live in the big vegetable garden downstairs. A few days ago, the reporter went to the big vegetable garden and wandered around the path, surrounded by some buildings that were neither old nor new. Because the ninth primary school is here, there are grocery stores everywhere, selling snacks or school supplies. Only a stone road can vaguely see the past years here.
Walking downstairs to the big vegetable garden, the reporter saw that only a few old bungalows were hidden in the surrounding high-rise buildings. The reporter expected to find the clues of the Wang family, but Mr. Huang Dingguo, who has lived in the big vegetable garden for 60 years, told the reporter, "No, all the old houses you saw are gone." Julian Waghann also said that the house later became the dormitory of prefectural party committee. The dormitory of the prefectural party Committee that the reporter saw is a high-rise building, no longer a low bungalow.
★ BaiHefeng
Bai Hefeng is one of the residences of Su Shi, a great writer, during his stay in Huizhou, and it is also the place where the young king was fascinated by reading in Yinglou. Every summer vacation, Wang Yinglou will choose a cart of books to read in Tam Kung Temple, Baihefeng. One is for summer vacation, and the other is a quiet place there, suitable for reading. Now this is the school site of Huizhou Health School. You can't find Tam Kung Temple except the wells dug by Su Dongpo and Dongpo Pavilion. He Zhicheng, a local expert in literature and history, also confirmed that Tam Kung Temple has long since ceased to exist. However, BaiHefeng, hiding in a deep alley, is still quiet. No wonder Su Shi and later Wang Yinglou chose to live and study here.
★ Huaqiao Middle School
Huaqiao Middle School is the place where Wang Yinglou worked after liberation. According to teacher Yu in the school office, Huaqiao Middle School was founded in 1957 by Wang Yinglou, Peng Donghai, Yu Daoyuan and others, and its predecessor was Huixin Middle School. The school is located in the west of Qiaoxi, which has been relocated several times and is private. Wang Yinglou was the principal of the school from 1957 to 1958. At that time, there were 4 classes in junior high school and 3 classes attached to primary school, with nearly 400 students. Now the school has moved to Qiaodong Avenue, with 24 classes and nearly 1.600 students. Because the school has been relocated several times, it is difficult to find traces of Wang Yinglou's work in those days.
Anecdotal record
★ It is related to the dog's "knowing" heart.
Wang Yinglou has a dog named "Zhi". "Know" is the bloodline of "Sino-foreign joint venture", with long tan hair, tall and straight figure and graceful posture, which really has the charm of a foreign girl.
Know is very loyal to his duties. Wang Yinglou is always with him when he is at home. It held its neck high, its tongue stretched out and its ears pricked up, and stood at attention like a soldier waiting for a general's order. Wang Yinglou's calligraphy became famous for a while, and many celebrities came to consult Mo Bao. Especially when writing the name of the store, the font is large. Wang Yinglou needs paper to cut squares, and the ground is often full of paper. "Got it" patrol back and forth so as not to be disturbed by others. Sometimes when the wind blows, the words just written on the ground get mixed up. "Knowing" will get angry and bark.
"Know" and Wang Yinglou have deep feelings and seem to have contact with him. No matter when he comes back, "knowing" can always be keenly aware and wait at the door to meet his master in advance. However, whether Wang Yinglou goes to the city for tea or at a friend's dinner, he never forgets to bring back meat and bones as a gift of "knowing".
Lost the manuscript in a rare flood
Due to financial difficulties, Wang Yinglou sold his house downstairs and rented an old hut near the big vegetable garden. According to my nephew Julian Waghann's memory, the room was very small. Except for books, the father and son could only squeeze together. But with books as a companion, Wang Yinglou can always find a trace of fun and masturbation. Except for the subset of ancient classics and history, these books are unpublished manuscripts, manuscripts and original calligraphy written by him for many years. This is Wang Yinglou's life's hard work, which is more important than his life.
1959 In the summer, a flood that has not happened for many years turned the whole Dachaiyuan block into Zeguo. The broken shack couldn't stand the flood and rain any longer and collapsed. The father and son turned to the heights to avoid its harm temporarily, while the book full of their life's hard work could only watch helplessly being washed into the water. According to Julian Waghann's memory, "Since then, my uncle has always been unhappy and sometimes shed tears."
★ Restaurant quiz invites friends to "eat for free"
Wang Yinglou is an expert at guessing riddles and is known as the "mystery saint". In 1930s, in order to attract business, Guangzhou Dasanyuan Restaurant launched a "quiz with prizes". There are colorful riddles hanging around the restaurant. If you guess one correctly, you will get two silver dollars. If you don't cash it, you can pay for the meal. Soon, there will be a wedding in the restaurant. Everyone can't wait to guess the silver dollar in the riddle, but the boss's question is very difficult and few people can guess it.
Soon, Wang Yinglou knew about it. One day, he invited some friends to a restaurant and ordered a table of dishes. My friend knew that Wang Yinglou had no money and wanted solve riddles on the lanterns to win the prize. He dare not even use chopsticks. I don't know. Wang Yinglou only glanced at the riddle opposite, so he took it off and took it to the counter. He came back soon and said with a smile, "Bingo, two and four silver dollars, enough to eat."
In the future, Wang Yinglou often invited friends to dinner to guess riddles, but only solved two puzzles at a time, which was enough to pay the bill. But the hotel still couldn't afford it, so the boss quickly prepared a banquet, invited Wang Yinglou to dinner, and begged him to show mercy. And Wang Yinglou also agreed, never to guess riddles again.
★ It is still cool under the Japanese bombing.
When the Japanese invaders trampled on Huizhou, there were frequent plane bombings, and the people were very frightened. One day, 12, enemy planes bombed Huizhou area on a large scale. When the emergency alarm sounded, Wang Yinglou arranged for the county government staff to evacuate, but he stayed alone. In the meantime, I was bored, so I went to the county hall to write. The enemy plane made a fuss before a word was written. What's more, the bomb of one of the enemy planes hit the front hall of the county government impartially, and the back hall was also badly shaken, and the dust fell all over the floor. Wang Yinglou looked natural as if nothing had happened, brushed the dust off the paper and continued to write. At this time, a chef of the county government did not leave in time and was preparing to flee hastily. He saw Wang Yinglou writing quietly in the back hall. The chef looked at it and said, "Why should I avoid the secret seat?" I went back to the kitchen to cook. The county officials didn't come back until the enemy plane left. When they saw Wang Yinglou posing and writing, they were all amazed and admired.