Du Fu (A.D. 7 12- A.D. 770) was born in Xiangyang, Han nationality, and then moved to Gong County, Henan Province. A great realistic poet in the Tang Dynasty, who claimed to be a young man at night, was called "Du Li" together with Li Bai. In order to distinguish Li Shangyin, Du Mu and Xiao Du Li, Du Fu and Li Bai are also called Da Du Li, and Du Fu is often called Lao Du.
Du Fu's influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are called "the history of poetry". Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.
Du Fu wrote such famous works as Spring Hope, Northern Expedition, Three Officials and Three Farewells. In 759, Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Sichuan. Although he fled the war and lived a relatively stable life, he still cared about his life and managed state affairs. Although Du Fu is a realistic poet, he also has a wild and unruly side. It is not difficult to see Du Fu's heroism and dry clouds from his masterpiece Song of Drinking Eight Immortals.
The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government, and he has the great wish of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior, and then making the customs pure". Although Du Fu was not famous during his lifetime, his fame spread far and wide, which had a far-reaching impact on China literature and Japanese literature. About 65,438+0,500 poems of Du Fu have been preserved, most of which are collected by Du Gongbu.
2. Personal achievements
poetic sentiment
Du Fu's poem There are Sixty Volumes [17] was lost in his early years. In the second year of Baoyuan in the Northern Song Dynasty (1039), Wang Zhu collected 1405 volumes and compiled them into 18 volumes, which was named "Du Gongbu Collection". The achievement of Du Fu's metrical poems lies in expanding the scope of expression of metrical poems. The highest achievement of Du Fu's metrical poems can be said to be that this style is fluent and makes people forget that it is a metrical poem as soon as they are written.
calligraphy
Du Fu's view of calligraphy creation is very mature and profound. According to the records, his calligraphy style is cursive and cursive, with overall intention, respect for the ancient and magnificent, and emphasis on speed, rhythm, brushwork, ink method and so on. He was also a very profound calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. At the same time, his praise of the official calligraphers in the Tang Dynasty and his evaluation of Cao Ba and Zhang Xu were enough to make him famous in the history of calligraphy. His theory of "calligraphy is expensive but thin and hard" laid an important position for Du Fu in the history of calligraphy theory.
3. Historical records
Biography of Du Fu in the Old Tang Dynasty
Biography of Du Fu in the New Tang Dynasty
Biography of Talented Talents in Tang Dynasty and Biography of Du Fu