What does this poem mainly express? What's the effect?
Answer: Contrast method (Ming method) is the main method.
The sky is not bright, the stars are vertical and horizontal, especially bright, which sets off the darkness of the night; The Voice of the Grasshopper reflects the silence of the environment.
The contrast between the two highlights the loneliness (analysis effect) brought by the poet's early travel and inner wandering.
◆ Example 2: Removal at night (high fitness)
The cold light of the hotel stays awake alone, why does the guest's heart become sad?
My hometown is thinking thousands of miles tonight, and it is another year of the Ming Dynasty.
Analysis-On New Year's Eve, the traditional habit is to get together as a family. The title of the poem Except Night Shift should arouse people's good memories and imagination of this traditional festival. However, in this poem, there is another scene except night.
The beginning of the poem is the word "hotel", which seems dull, but it can not be ignored, and the feelings of the whole poem are born from this. It was New Year's Eve, and the poet looked at the bright lights outside and gathered together, while he was far away from his family and lived in a guest house. In contrast, I don't feel anything touched at the scene. Even the same light and hot lamp in front of me has become "cold". The word "cold lamp" renders the hotel deserted and the poet's inner sadness. It's hard to fall asleep when the cold light only has a shadow, let alone on New Year's Eve! The "lonely sleeper" will naturally think of the happy scene of family reunion and growing old together, which is even more unbearable. Therefore, this sentence seems to write about the future and the present, but it is tied from the opposite side everywhere, depicting a lonely and cold artistic conception. The second sentence, "Why does the guest's heart turn to sadness", makes the thoughts and feelings clearer in the form of questions, which forces the following. "Guest" refers to itself, so it is called "guest" because it is among guests. What makes the poet "turn sad"? Except at night, of course. At night, the thick atmosphere of the New Year's Eve dinner surrounded itself in a guest house with cold lights and only shadows, and the feeling of loneliness and sadness came to mind.
After a sentence or two, it seems that the poet is about to pour out his feelings at the moment, but he has abandoned himself and wrote from the opposite side: "Tonight's hometown is full of thoughts." "Hometown" refers to relatives in hometown; "Thousands of miles" refers to yourself thousands of miles away. That means, on this New Year's Eve, my relatives in my hometown must be thinking about me thousands of miles away, thinking about where I left tonight, thinking about how I spent the night alone ... In fact, this is also a manifestation of "the hometown of thousands of miles". "Another year in Frost Temple" and "Tonight" are New Year's Eve, so tomorrow is another year. From the old year to the new year, this endless yearning will add new white hair to the frost temples. Shen Deqian said, "It is more meaningful to be a relative in my hometown and think of strangers thousands of miles away." . The reason for saying "more meaningful" is that the poet skillfully used "antithesis" to express his deep affection more elegantly. This is also a common expression in classical poetry.
1, the third sentence is expressed in a special way, please analyze it briefly.
A: The third sentence was written in the form of profile imagination. (Ming Shu)
Poetry does not directly write about missing hometown, but about relatives missing "me" thousands of miles away on this New Year's Eve. This is actually the poet's yearning for his hometown and relatives. (Interpretation and Application)
Writing in this way makes the deep feelings more euphemistic and subtle, and more sincere and touching. (Analysis effect)
2. How does this poem express the author's thoughts and feelings? What is the function of writing "cold lamp" in the poem?
A: (1) expresses the loneliness and desolation of the author when he lives in his hometown.
(2) The word "cold lamp" exaggerates the desolate atmosphere of the hotel and the sad mood of the poet, making the scenery full of affection, scene blending and touching.
Example 3: Improvisation in Spring (Li Hua)
At the gate of Yiyang, the grass grows and the warbler flies, and the water flows from east to west.
Fragrant trees have no flowers, and birds are singing all the way to the spring mountain.
Analysis-"Xing Chun You" is a seven-character quatrain, written shortly after the Anshi Rebellion subsided. The poet was worried because of his bad official career and the hatred of his country's ruin. When he passed through Yiyang (now Yiyang County, Henan Province), he expressed his melancholy because of his feelings about the scenery in front of him, even though the country had broken mountains and rivers, flowers fell and birds sang in spring. Daughter Mountain in China is a famous scenic spot. There is a temple of spearmint in the mountains, and there are ancient trees flowing in the mountains. Birds are singing and flowers are fragrant, and the scenery is beautiful. This is a natural garden. It grows luxuriantly, and the water in the mountain stream turns east to west. Fragrant flowers scatter themselves when no one appreciates them. In spring, birds sing alone in the open forest on the mountain path. The poet wrote about the scenery in late spring, with grass, water, trees and birds. The combination of dynamic and static looks beautiful, as if bringing readers into this artistic conception. However, the author's frustration and the feeling of not meeting a bosom friend can be seen naturally.
What rhetorical devices are used in three or four sentences of this poem? Please specify.
A: Three or four sentences in this poem use double rhetoric. (Ming Shu)
In a few words, "fragrant tree" is to "spring mountain", "flower" is to "bird" and "falling" is to "empty bird". (Interpretation and Application)
The use of antithesis makes the language of this poem more concise and tidy, and writes what the poet saw and heard on the way of "spring outing": there are mountains and trees, flowers and birds, the scenery is moving and the scene is mixed. The scenery of "flowers falling" and "birds singing" shows the tranquility in the mountains and also reveals the author's sadness about spring. (Analysis effect)
5, practice consolidation
◆ Exercise 1: End at ① Li Shangyin
In the distance, books are dreams, and only empty beds are enemies.
Under the steps of moss mangroves, the moon is sad in the rain.
[Note] ① End residence: idle residence. ② Pingqiu: synonymous with autumn.
Analysis: This is the work of the author who stayed in a foreign land and missed his wife. The title of the book is Final Residence, which means seclusion.
The poet has been away from his hometown and relatives for a long time. A letter from my wife from afar is a comfort to my lonely life in a foreign land, but I haven't seen it for a long time. On this lonely autumn night, the feeling of emptiness without a letter from home has become so strong that the soul bitten by loneliness naturally wants to seek comfort from "dreaming back", and even if we meet in a short dream, it can always comfort our lovesickness. However, "it's a long way to dream" (Li Yu's "Qing Ping Le"), when I wake up, it's already a long time, and my soul is not dreaming. "Two hours from a distant book to a dream" is a deep sigh of the poet when he is looking forward to a distant book but can't find a dream. The word "leisure" vividly shows the intention of disappointment when both hopes fail.
The feeling of loneliness and cold after waking up at night. Su Qiu is synonymous with autumn. But its hints are quite rich. It reminds people of the white and cold autumn frost, the bright and cold autumn moon, the cold autumn water in Ming Che, and all autumn scenery that exudes a bleak and cold atmosphere. For a guest who is lonely in a foreign land and "dreams are out of reach", this cold autumn is not only a catalyst to stir up sadness, but also an unbearable pressure on the mind, and there is no comfort. However, what the poet can use against his "enemy" is "only an empty bed".
Three or four sentences moved from the "empty bed" indoors to the "moss" and "mangrove" outdoors. Living alone in a foreign land, few people come and go on weekdays, and the steps are covered with moss, which shows the cold silence of the apartment. Mangroves are a unique landscape in late autumn. The colors of mosses and mangroves are bright and beautiful, but at night, under the cover of misty rain and hazy jathyapple, the colors will inevitably appear dim and fuzzy. To the sad poet, this poem Moss and Mangrove under the Steps seems to show a silent sadness and a cold and desolate attitude in silence.
Q: What are the artistic features of the three or four sentences in this poem? Please analyze it briefly.
In terms of artistic techniques, the greatest feature of the third and fourth sentences of this poem is to express emotion by borrowing scenery (Ming technique). By describing the colors such as moss, mangrove, rain and moon, the poet endowed the objective scenery with strong subjective colors, expressed sadness, loneliness and homesickness, and created a cold and lonely atmosphere. (Analysis effect)
◆ Exercise 2: Xijiang River in Xizhou (Wei Wuying)
Alone, grass grows by the stream, and orioles sing on the trees.
The spring tide brought the rain late and urgent, and there was no boat on the wild crossing.
Analysis: "Solitary grass grows by the stream, and orioles sing deep in the treetops" means that poets love solitary grass by the stream, and orioles sing deep in the shade. This is an elegant scenery where beautiful colors and beautiful music are intertwined. "Solitude and pity" means eccentricity, which shows the poet's quiet mind. The last two sentences, "spring tide comes late with rain, and no one crosses the river in the wild", mean that it rains in the evening and the tide rises more violently. There are no pedestrians on the ferry in the country, and a ferry is moored across the river. This picture of crossing a boat in the rain contains the poet's sorrow for his inaction.
Wei has been a "Sanweilang" and has been a secretariat of Chuzhou, Jiangzhou and Suzhou. He was deeply worried about the political corruption in the mid-Tang Dynasty, and was also concerned about the sufferings of people's livelihood, but he could do nothing. This poem expresses his feelings euphemistically.
Q: What are the characteristics of this poem in describing feelings and scenery? Try to make a brief analysis.
The poet used the technique of expressing his feelings in the landscape. The poet loves the lonely, lonely, poor and sober grass beside the ravine, and has no intention of flattering the orioles at that time. The country ferry is a leisurely scene, with speedboats passing by. (Elaboration and application) shows the poet's calm mentality and helpless and sad feelings that are not in place and can't be used. (Analysis effect)
◆ Exercise 3: Topic Chrysanthemum (Chao Huang)
The west wind is rustling all over the courtyard, and cold butterflies are hard to come by.
If I were Di Qing next year, I would report to Taohua.
(Note) Di Qing: the God of the Four Seasons.
Analysis: Since Tao Qian's famous sentence "Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely seeing Nanshan", literati often express their lofty and unique style by praising the solitary mark of chrysanthemums; Huang Chao's writing about chrysanthemums is unconventional and unique, which opens up a new realm. Whispering: Wind refers to the sound of autumn wind. Di Qing: The God of Spring, the God in charge of flowers. Shang Shuwei: "Spring is the East Emperor and Di Qing." The rustling west wind is planting chrysanthemums all over the garden, and butterflies with cold flowers are afraid to come. In the future, if he becomes Di Qing, the god in charge of spring-it is conceivable that he will become an emperor, and he will change the laws of nature so that chrysanthemums will bloom in spring, thus competing with peach blossoms.
Q: What are the characteristics of this poem in the expression of emotion and scenery?
A: This poem uses the technique of touching the scene and combining reality with reality. (Ming Shu) Because chrysanthemums are very cold and quiet when they bloom in autumn, butterflies seldom come to pick the fragrance of chrysanthemums. Imagine that if you were a Di Qing, you would change the situation of chrysanthemum and let it blossom in spring. (explanation and use) expressed regret and grievance that the chrysanthemum failed to open in time. (Analysis effect)