Poets have the method of reducing words and stealing voices. Although the tune of a word is fixed, the rhyme of syllables can be slightly increased or decreased when singing to make it beautiful. It is an increase to add sound to Yang Liuzhi and water to Xisha; Minus the word magnolia, steal the sound magnolia, this is subtraction, named from the perspective of music, adding the sound and reducing the sound stealing. Named from the perspective of lyrics, the increase is called addition, which is also called dispersion, and the decrease is called subtraction.
Now let's talk about cutting words and stealing voices.
Because the number of words in the lyrics is reduced, there are fewer songs when singing. On the contrary, the music is shortened and the lyrics are reduced accordingly. Therefore, reducing words is bound to steal sounds, and stealing sounds is bound to reduce words.
Yulan was originally Yulouchun in the Tang and Five Dynasties. "Flower Collection" has a poem "Niuqiao Yulou Spring":
In spring, you walk into a horizontal pond and shake shallow waves. The flowers in the small garden are empty and melancholy.
Who believes this is a madman and hates Cui Chou's pillow?
Xiaoyu speaks at the window. Red tears dripped through the gold thread.
The wild goose will not return to Lang, but will be woven into a brocade seal.
This word format, each song is two pieces. Each film consists of four seven-character sentences. Use rhyme, and the next film will be rhymed. If the next one doesn't change its rhyme, it will be like a seven-character poem. In Wen Feiqing's poetry collection, there is a "Song of Spring Dawn":
In Ru Yan's long letter home, both of them brushed tobacco.
Oil wall car light golden calf fat, tassel account Xiao Chun chicken newspaper.
The charming bird in the cage is still warm and sleeping, and the fallen flowers outside the curtain have not been swept.
A rotten peach tree approached the pool, as if cherishing the beautiful scenery in the mirror.
This poem was compiled into "Caotang Poetry" by people in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty. It is divided into two parts, including eight sentences, and renamed as "Yulouchun". So it is considered a word.
There is also a tune called Magnolia in the Tang and Five Dynasties. A poem by Wei Zhuang in Huajian Collection;
Alone in the small building, the spring is fading away. Worried at Guan Yu Cao Fang Road.
The news broke, but I didn't meet with you, just gathered my eyebrows and went back to embroider.
Sit and watch and sigh. Luo Mei's wet spot was dyed red with tears.
Qian Shan has never crossed thousands of waters, so where can I find the soul dream?
This word is only the third sentence from Yulouchun. Yulouchun is a seven-character sentence, and Magnolia is two three-character sentences. They are obviously different. In Flower Picking, Wei Chengban has two poems, both of which are seven words and eight sentences, just like those written by Niu Qiao. Another magnolia, word cloud:
Little hibiscus, it smells good. Jasper Hall is deep and clear as water.
Close the treasure chest, cover the gold shop, and drag the sleeves against the screen.
The fireworks are charming, and the Quzhu Yuanyang sleeps with brocade wings.
Looking at the quiet acacia with sadness, a pair of smiles and fragrant buds.
This magnolia is different from that made by Wei Zhuang. The first sentence, the third sentence and the two seven-character sentences in the upper part of Wei Zhuang's Ci became two three-character syntax, and the lower part remained unchanged. The information of reducing words and stealing voices has been revealed here.
In the Song Dynasty, Yulouchun and Yulan were confused. Niu Qiao's "Yulouchun" is called "Magnolia" in the collections of various schools. When Wan Shu, a scholar of the Qing Dynasty, compiled Lexical, he thought that "either the name Yulouchun, the name Magnolia, or the addition of words, if the two are combined into one, there must be evidence, so the name Yulouchun is not established today." Since then, poets have taken Magnolia as another name for Yulouchun, which is a problem that can be discussed in the study of pronouns and Song Ci in Tang and Five Dynasties. But let's not talk about it now. What I want to talk about now is that after the Northern Song Dynasty, there appeared two forms of word reduction in Yulan Ci. One is Yan's word reduction Yulan Ci. There are eight magnolias in Yan's Poems of Living in a Mountain. A cloud:
Swing courtyard curtain at dusk. Colored pens are idle to embroider households.
The walls of the wall are like flowers after rain, and the outside of the door is like a breeze floating in the wind.
Chao knows where it is. He should have a dream for Wang.
Zi Ai recognized the old wandering path and hissed across the road on the east side of Huiqiao.
In addition, magnolia has two minus words, a cloud:
Heng Chang sent it late. Like a dream in front of a green window.
Fine print, go home. It happened to be a red light last night.
Good times are easy to pass. Half-mirror-flying spring is about to dawn.
The past is unforgettable. High-rise buildings in the sunset.
Compared with magnolia, this word has three words subtracted from the first sentence and the third sentence of the upper and lower parts, and it has become the syntax of 47, 47. The rhyme rule is changed from one rhyme for the upper and lower films to two rhymes for the upper and lower films. The number of words is reduced, but the rhyming method is complicated.
There is also a word-abbreviation magnolia, which was first seen in Zhang Xian's word:
Plum blossoms are rare in Yunlong Qiongyuan. The beast in the outer court is a closed room.
Haiyue is a freshman and doesn't want to go to tall buildings.
The curtain wave is still, and the silver drum is small. Tonight, the night is long,
Dreaming is absurd. I'm afraid my heart will hurt.
The title of this word is "Stealing Magnolia". It just subtracts three words from the third sentence of the upper and lower films, and each film becomes a syntax of 7747. But its rhyme method, like Yan's words, has become the rhyme of the upper and lower films.
Yan's word is called Minus Magnolia, which is different from sentence subtraction, so it is inconvenient to call it Minus Magnolia, so it is named Minus Magnolia to show the difference. In fact, these two words were stolen from Yulouchun.
Yulan Ci is the most popular song in Song Dynasty, which is called Yulan Ci for short. Liu Yongji, Jianlan and Yulouchun belong to the fairy-land tune. In Zhang Xiaoxiang's Yu Hu Ci, the restoration of orchids is also a fairy tune. In Hui Jin Collection, Wei Zhuang's Magnolia belongs to the business tune, Zhang Xian Collection, Jianlan and Magnolia belong to the business tune, and Stealing Magnolia belongs to the business tune. So after the magnolia was stolen, the tone of the song also changed. It can be seen that the reduction of theft of characters is related to the transfer of palace tune.
Zhou Mi reduced the word "Magnolia" and recited ten scenes of the West Lake, with the same sentence pattern as other Magnolia. This is a slow word derived from Yu Lan Ling Ci, and the word "minus" has lost its meaning.
Fang Hui has seven pieces of Huanxi sand. Xixisha was originally composed of two parts, each with three seven-character poems and a flat rhyme. He's seven words are still as old-fashioned as Yuan Xisha. However, he named them Huanxisha in simplified words. I don't know why. Perhaps it was popular to preach Huanxisha at that time, and everyone thought it was right. He Fanghui reduced the three words he added, so he called it Huanxisha. He didn't know that this was the correct accent of Huanxisha.
"Poems on the Mountain" says: "Flowers bloom on a moonlit night, and words are stolen." "Muslim Ci" says: "Sweet beans are broken, candles are frequent, and words are less stable." The word "Yi Chan" says: "Changing feathers and moving to the palace, stealing voices and reducing words are not afraid of people's heartbroken." From these words, we can also understand the function of reducing words and stealing voices.
The moon is in the green window.
The ancients in Qing dynasty were empty.
Command, guide, approach and slow down.
From the Tang and Five Dynasties to the early Northern Song Dynasty, there were not many words in Ci, which was called Lingci. In the late Northern Song Dynasty, long and complicated characters appeared, which were called slow characters. Order and slowness are two categories of words. From imperative sentences to slow words, there is another form that is neither too long nor too short, called "quotation" or "near". In the Ming Dynasty, people began to call Lingci a poem, with quotation and proximity as alto and slow words as long sounds. Zhang Yan etymology said: "Beauty added slow songs to draw closer." It can be seen that in Song Huizong's time, the words "quote", "approach" and "slow" were very popular.
The meaning of the word "order" is not easy to test. Probably in the Tang Dynasty, when people were feasting, they used singing to persuade them to drink. Every song was an order, so the word "order" was used instead of "song". Bai Juyi sent Wei Yuan's poem: "It's easy to tease when you doubt, but it's too late to dance." Self-note cloud: "there is a funny order to throw songs." There is also a poem in "On Flowers", "Drunk over your shirt sleeves and throw poems." And "Listening to Tian Shun's Children's Songs" said: "Get gold full of shirts and sleeves, throw it for a while and listen for a year." The meaning of "throwing Daqu" has never been explained by the Tang people. Judging from these poems, it seems that throwing is singing and hitting is shooting. Yuan Zhen's "Song of He Manzi" says: "The record of preparing teeth makes the red snail complain." The "preface" here is "music", which shows that the name of Xiaoqu in the Tang Dynasty is Xiaojin.
The titles of Xiao Ling's songs are often ignored by Tang people. The real name of teasing is teasing, generally without the word "teasing", and the name of Tang Xiaoqu in Jiao Fangji and other documents mostly uses the word "zi". In the Tang Dynasty, people called small things "sons", such as boats and small ones called lights. Now Cantonese people use the word "zi", but the Tang style has not changed. The names of songs are divided into words, and most of them are songs. For example, Ganzhou is originally a Daqu, and its spiritual music is called Ganzhou Zi. There are also eight beats, that is, eight beats of ditty, and the fishing song is called fishing song. A popular ditty in Jiuquan is called Jiuquanzi. In the Song Dynasty, the word "Zi" was gradually replaced by "Ling", such as Ganzhouzi, which was renamed as "Ganzhouling" in the Song Dynasty. There are also those in the Tang and Five Dynasties that did not add the word Zi or Ling, and those in the Song Dynasty that added Ling, such as Xi Qian Ying, Langtaosha, Queqiaoxian, and Flowers in the Rain. The word "Ling" originally did not belong to the title adjustment, and "Langtaosha Order" is Langtaosha, and "Flower in the Rain" is the flower in the rain. There is no difference between them. However, Wan Shu's Lexicology and Ding Qing's Cipu hold that there is a difference between them. Wan knows that "every minor can add this word", but he still feels that many people's works are not exactly the same. Sticking to the order of sand washing is not sand washing, isn't it stubborn? Juejue Liao Zazhu said, "In the last years of Xuanhe, the capital sang and brought new water". This so-called new water is the new water sequence. When books in the Song Dynasty quoted various tones, they often omitted the word ling or slow, so it is not necessary to conclude that they are not the same tone just because of the difference of this word.
"Yin" originally refers to Qin Le, which can be found in Cui Bao's Notes on Ancient and Modern Times and Jason Wu's Notes on Yuefu. Song people take poems from the Tang and Five Dynasties, spread the sound, and can't make a new tune, which is called a quotation. For example, Wang Anshi cited the Millennium, which is what he quoted from the Millennium Old Music Exhibition. Cao Group has Brahmanism, which is derived from the old Brahmanism songs. In addition, Chao Bu's quotation is from Yang Guan, Li Jiawang's quotation is from Yunyan, Lu Weizhi's quotation is from an old man with a dream, and Zhou Meicheng's quotation is from Hui Lanfang, probably all from an old music exhibition with the same name. But these old songs have been lost. Wan Hongyou noticed that Wang Anshi quoted a passage in "A Thousand Years Old": "The word" Gong Jing ",that is, the tone of a thousand years old, adds, subtracts and breaks itself. Its source actually started from the age of 1000 years ago, which is no different from the previous songs. " There is another cloud: "Anyone who has a quotation in the question will have an extended meaning, and the number of words will be more than before." Program Ann also said, "Anyone who adds a quotation to a name will extend it. In other words, add words. " The notes of the two schools are very close, but they are still unfinished. There is still a difference between covering words and adding words. Probably the word is broken, and the original words haven't changed much. The difference is only between words, but the quotation is far from the original tone.
There is also the word "shadow" in the tune of words. I suspect it's a quotation. The Dongpo Ci in Qijiage's block-printed edition has the shadow of Yu Meiren, and Huang Tingjian also has two. I don't know if the two of them played for a while and became shadows. However, it is not inevitable that the number of words in this word is less than that in Yu Meiren. Yan You's block-printed Dongpo Yuefu is entitled "Recalling Old Friends in Taoyuan". This piece of music originated in the Southern Song Dynasty, and Lu Fangweng also wrote such a poem called "Remembering the Old Friends in Taoyuan". Another song, He Ying, may also be an extension of He. But He is 47 words, and He Ying is only 40 words, so there may be another Tang dialect with less than 40 words, which has been lost today. The name of the song "He" has long been seen in "Jiao Fangji", and it is certain that it must be an old song in the Tang Dynasty. Jiang Baishi's heartbreaker himself said, "Also known as Rui and Xian Ying." I suspect it comes from Rui Hexian's words. But the law of Rui and Xian has been lost now, and there is no way to obtain evidence. There is also a 120 word for Ruihexian, which is the slow word for Ruihexian. In Chun Xue, there is a poem by Xu Yao, which is really a Linjiang fairy. This is a mistake that must be passed down and cannot be compared with the shadow of Rui and Fairy. The above three sounds are all in doubt, and the shadow is dominant. Whether it is one or two, no one can decide.
Near, it is a close-up province. Zhou Meicheng has a close-up view of Ge Pulian, and the lyrics are both Ge Pulian and Ge Pulian. The syllables of these three schools are exactly the same. Knowing that it is near is near. The old Gepulian tune is used, and the other cavity is renovated, so it is called close-up. Gepulian's spiritual music has long been lost, but Bai Juyi has Gepulian's poems, five words and four sentences, seven words and two sentences. This is probably the tone sentence of Gepulian's Lingqu in Tang Dynasty. Wang Zhuo's "Bi Ji Man Zhi" said, "Litchi incense was written in the period, and Xie Zhi and the big stone have some close-ups. I don't know which one this song is. " This paper can also prove that the fragrance of litchi school is close, that is, the close-up view of litchi fragrance has different songs with the same name, and the score of Song Ci is lost, so this problem cannot be studied.
Slow down, ancient writers also mean to extend. If the song drags on, it will sing slowly, so the word shaman breeds slow words. "Yue Ji" says: "Palace, business, horn, sign and feather are all chaotic and overlap with each other, which is called slow." Another cloud says, "The voice of troubled times and political prestige is slower than others." These two slow words both refer to lewd singing. The history of Song Dynasty is often symmetrical with slow music. Faqu and Daqu are synthesized into one song many times. If you take a while to sing, it's called a whole song. The slow song has only one time, but its singing beat is slower than the whole song. Zhang Yan's etymology said: "Slow songs are only a hundred words, and the middle is high and low, and Ding Kangla. There are words such as big meal, small meal, big column, small column, beating and pressing. It is really the so-called resistance, such as falling, bending, such as folding, ending in a wood. Even now, there are many ticks in the sentence. There are many singing terms in this passage that we don't quite understand, but we can also understand that slow music is slow because there are various extended singing methods. The Tang Dynasty poet Lu Lun wrote a poem, "Fu Yaoren sent Ge Zheng to the United States". There is a saying like this: "Sometimes, if you play lightly with Langer, when you are slow, you will feel later." "This shows that the tang dynasty singing has been slow. There were slow words in Song Dynasty, so there were urgent songs and slow songs. As for order, quotation and proximity, the rhythm is faster, the word length is slower, the rhyme is less, and the rhythm is slower. But in the process of slowing it down, there is also a difference between urgency and slowness. For example, advocating shooting mulberry seeds is an urgent song in Lingqu. Santai is a popular song of the ancient school, which is an urgent song in slow words.
If a word is called a slow word, it can often be omitted. For example, there is a pavilion, and Zhang both complain about it. Wang tired to find incense, Pan tired to find incense slowly. It's actually the same word. It is extremely wrong to divide tiredness into fragrance and tiredness into fragrance in Biography of Poetry. I don't know if the word Wang is quoted in Qin Feng's New Theory, which is also called "Looking for incense slowly when you are tired", which can prove that this slow word is dispensable in the Song Dynasty. In addition, there is no difference between words like calligraphy and makeup and Qing Dynasty celebrations being added slowly and not. Probably the melody of the same name is still popular, so a slow word must be added to the title of the slow word. If the melody with the same name is out of date or there is no melody at all, there is no need to add slow words.
The moon is in the green window.
The ancients in Qing dynasty were empty.
Command, guide, approach and slow down.
From the Tang and Five Dynasties to the early Northern Song Dynasty, there were not many words in Ci, which was called Lingci. In the late Northern Song Dynasty, long and complicated characters appeared, which were called slow characters. Order and slowness are two categories of words. From imperative sentences to slow words, there is another form that is neither too long nor too short, called "quotation" or "near". In the Ming Dynasty, people began to call Lingci a poem, with quotation and proximity as alto and slow words as long sounds. Zhang Yan etymology said: "Beauty added slow songs to draw closer." It can be seen that in Song Huizong's time, the words "quote", "approach" and "slow" were very popular.
The meaning of the word "order" is not easy to test. Probably in the Tang Dynasty, when people were feasting, they used singing to persuade them to drink. Every song was an order, so the word "order" was used instead of "song". Bai Juyi sent Wei Yuan's poem: "It's easy to tease when you doubt, but it's too late to dance." Self-note cloud: "there is a funny order to throw songs." There is also a poem in "On Flowers", "Drunk over your shirt sleeves and throw poems." And "Listening to Tian Shun's Children's Songs" said: "Get gold full of shirts and sleeves, throw it for a while and listen for a year." The meaning of "throwing Daqu" has never been explained by the Tang people. Judging from these poems, it seems that throwing is singing and hitting is shooting. Yuan Zhen's "Song of He Manzi" says: "The record of preparing teeth makes the red snail complain." The "preface" here is "music", which shows that the name of Xiaoqu in the Tang Dynasty is Xiaojin.
The titles of Xiao Ling's songs are often ignored by Tang people. The real name of teasing is teasing, generally without the word "teasing", and the name of Tang Xiaoqu in Jiao Fangji and other documents mostly uses the word "zi". In the Tang Dynasty, people called small things "sons", such as boats and small ones called lights. Now Cantonese people use the word "zi", but the Tang style has not changed. The names of songs are divided into words, and most of them are songs. For example, Ganzhou is originally a Daqu, and its spiritual music is called Ganzhou Zi. There are also eight beats, that is, eight beats of ditty, and the fishing song is called fishing song. A popular ditty in Jiuquan is called Jiuquanzi. In the Song Dynasty, the word "Zi" was gradually replaced by "Ling", such as Ganzhouzi, which was renamed as "Ganzhouling" in the Song Dynasty. There are also those in the Tang and Five Dynasties that did not add the word Zi or Ling, and those in the Song Dynasty that added Ling, such as Xi Qian Ying, Langtaosha, Queqiaoxian, and Flowers in the Rain. The word "Ling" originally did not belong to the title adjustment, and "Langtaosha Order" is Langtaosha, and "Flower in the Rain" is the flower in the rain. There is no difference between them. However, Wan Shu's Lexicology and Ding Qing's Cipu hold that there is a difference between them. Wan knows that "every minor can add this word", but he still feels that many people's works are not exactly the same. Sticking to the order of sand washing is not sand washing, isn't it stubborn? Juejue Liao Zazhu said, "In the last years of Xuanhe, the capital sang and brought new water". This so-called new water is the new water sequence. When books in the Song Dynasty quoted various tones, they often omitted the word ling or slow, so it is not necessary to conclude that they are not the same tone just because of the difference of this word.
"Yin" originally refers to Qin Le, which can be found in Cui Bao's Notes on Ancient and Modern Times and Jason Wu's Notes on Yuefu. Song people take poems from the Tang and Five Dynasties, spread the sound, and can't make a new tune, which is called a quotation. For example, Wang Anshi cited the Millennium, which is what he quoted from the Millennium Old Music Exhibition. Cao Group has Brahmanism, which is derived from the old Brahmanism songs. In addition, Chao Bu's quotation is from Yang Guan, Li Jiawang's quotation is from Yunyan, Lu Weizhi's quotation is from an old man with a dream, and Zhou Meicheng's quotation is from Hui Lanfang, probably all from an old music exhibition with the same name. But these old songs have been lost. Wan Hongyou noticed that Wang Anshi quoted a passage in "A Thousand Years Old": "The word" Gong Jing ",that is, the tone of a thousand years old, adds, subtracts and breaks itself. Its source actually started from the age of 1000 years ago, which is no different from the previous songs. " There is another cloud: "Anyone who has a quotation in the question will have an extended meaning, and the number of words will be more than before." Program Ann also said, "Anyone who adds a quotation to a name will extend it. In other words, add words. " The notes of the two schools are very close, but they are still unfinished. There is still a difference between covering words and adding words. Probably the word is broken, and the original words haven't changed much. The difference is only between words, but the quotation is far from the original tone.
There is also the word "shadow" in the tune of words. I suspect it's a quotation. The Dongpo Ci in Qijiage's block-printed edition has the shadow of Yu Meiren, and Huang Tingjian also has two. I don't know if the two of them played for a while and became shadows. However, it is not inevitable that the number of words in this word is less than that in Yu Meiren. Yan You's block-printed Dongpo Yuefu is entitled "Recalling Old Friends in Taoyuan". This piece of music originated in the Southern Song Dynasty, and Lu Fangweng also wrote such a poem called "Remembering the Old Friends in Taoyuan". Another song, He Ying, may also be an extension of He. But He is 47 words, and He Ying is only 40 words, so there may be another Tang dialect with less than 40 words, which has been lost today. The name of the song "He" has long been seen in "Jiao Fangji", and it is certain that it must be an old song in the Tang Dynasty. The desolate criminal in Jiang Baishi himself said, "Also known as Ruihe Xianying." I suspect it comes from Rui Hexian's words. But the law of Rui and Xian has been lost now, and there is no way to obtain evidence. There is also a 120 word for Ruihexian, which is the slow word for Ruihexian. In Chun Xue, there is a poem by Xu Yao, which is really a Linjiang fairy. This is a mistake that must be passed down and cannot be compared with the shadow of Rui and Fairy. The above three sounds are all in doubt, and the shadow is dominant. Whether it is one or two, no one can decide.
Near, it is a close-up province. Zhou Meicheng has a close-up view of Ge Pulian, and the lyrics are both Ge Pulian and Ge Pulian. The syllables of these three schools are exactly the same. Knowing that it is near is near. The old Gepulian tune is used, and the other cavity is renovated, so it is called close-up. Gepulian's spiritual music has long been lost, but Bai Juyi has Gepulian's poems, five words and four sentences, seven words and two sentences. This is probably the tone sentence of Gepulian's Lingqu in Tang Dynasty. Wang Zhuo's "Bi Ji Man Zhi" said, "Litchi incense was written in the period, and Xie Zhi and the big stone have some close-ups. I don't know which one this song is. " This paper can also prove that the fragrance of litchi school is close, that is, the close-up view of litchi fragrance has different songs with the same name, and the score of Song Ci is lost, so this problem cannot be studied.
Slow down, ancient writers also mean to extend. If the song drags on, it will sing slowly, so the word shaman breeds slow words. "Yue Ji" says: "Palace, business, horn, sign and feather are all chaotic and overlap with each other, which is called slow." Another cloud says, "The voice of troubled times and political prestige is slower than others." These two slow words both refer to lewd singing. The history of Song Dynasty is often symmetrical with slow music. Faqu and Daqu are synthesized into one song many times. If you take a while to sing, it's called a whole song. The slow song has only one time, but its singing beat is slower than the whole song. Zhang Yan's etymology said: "Slow songs are only a hundred words, and the middle is high and low, and Ding Kangla. There are words such as big meal, small meal, big column, small column, beating and pressing. It is really the so-called resistance, such as falling, bending, such as folding, ending in a wood. Even now, there are many ticks in the sentence. There are many singing terms in this passage that we don't quite understand, but we can also understand that slow music is slow because there are various extended singing methods. The Tang Dynasty poet Lu Lun wrote a poem, "Fu Yaoren sent Ge Zheng to the United States". There is a saying like this: "Sometimes, if you play lightly with Langer, when you are slow, you will feel later." "This shows that the tang dynasty singing has been slow. There were slow words in Song Dynasty, so there were urgent songs and slow songs. As for order, quotation and proximity, the rhythm is faster, the word length is slower, the rhyme is less, and the rhythm is slower. But in the process of slowing it down, there is also a difference between urgency and slowness. For example, advocating shooting mulberry seeds is an urgent song in Lingqu. Santai is a popular song of the ancient school, which is an urgent song in slow words.
If a word is called a slow word, it can often be omitted. For example, there is a pavilion, and Zhang both complain about it. Wang tired to find incense, Pan tired to find incense slowly. It's actually the same word. It is extremely wrong to divide tiredness into fragrance and tiredness into fragrance in Biography of Poetry. I don't know if the word Wang is quoted in Qin Feng's New Theory, which is also called "Looking for incense slowly when you are tired", which can prove that this slow word is dispensable in the Song Dynasty. In addition, there is no difference between words like calligraphy and makeup and Qing Dynasty celebrations being added slowly and not. Probably the melody of the same name is still popular, so a slow word must be added to the title of the slow word. If the melody with the same name is out of date or there is no melody at all, there is no need to add slow words.
The moon is in the green window.
The ancients in Qing dynasty were empty.
Poetry columns can be divided into two categories: ancient poetry and modern poetry. .
The origin of ancient poetry, but also from the pre-Qin "Book of Songs". Everyone has a lot of opinions on' Guan Guan Luo Gui'. On the riverside mainland, my fair lady is a good gentleman. . . . No stranger. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems in China, which is divided into three categories: style, elegance and ode. "Wind" is a collection of folk ditty polls, "Ya" is an orthodox music song in the neighboring dynasties, and "Ode" is a dance music for the royal family to worship the heavens and praise their ancestors. Three hundred years later, Chu songs appeared in the south of Chu State. These are all free poems. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, Yuefu songs began to take shape. Yuefu poetry in Han Dynasty liberated the poetic style again and had a great influence on the five-character poetry in Han Dynasty. After Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, poetry was represented by "Three Caos" and "Jian 'an". Cao Zhi's seven-step poem "Bean stalks burn beans, and beans cry in the kettle." This is the same root, why rush to speculate with each other? "Poetry at this stage is generous, open, brilliant, and individuality, forming the' Jian 'an style' that poets in the Tang Dynasty admire. In addition, there are Ruan Ji, Ji Kang, Zuo Si, Tao Yuanming and other famous poets. The lingering and affectionate folk songs in the Southern Dynasties and the desolate and vigorous folk songs in the Northern Dynasties are the skeleton structure of China's poems, which greatly influenced the poets in the Tang Dynasty.
The Tang Dynasty was the peak of the development of ancient poetry in China, with many famous poets and excellent works. Among them, Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi are also great poets with world influence.
The Tang Dynasty was the golden age in the history of China's poetry, and I have to say a few more words here. First of all, the prosperity of poetry depends on the political and economic situation and the prosperity of ideological civilization at that time. The enlightened policy of the Tang dynasty and the government's recruitment system should be said to be the imperial examination system, which has the greatest influence. Scholars at that time, as long as their literary talent was outstanding, all had the hope of going into politics, and being a scholar was an official title. They combined Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, were compatible with the cultures of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, absorbed the crystallization of the cultures of the Han nationality and ethnic minorities, extensively communicated with the international cultures at that time, absorbed the nutrition of a hundred schools of thought, and reached the peak of poetry.
In the early Tang Dynasty, five-character poems and seven-character poems were the main ones, with Li Bai and Du Fu as the representative poets. The main figures in the middle period are Bai Juyi, Han Yu, Liu Yuxi, Liu Zongyuan and Li He, and Li Shangyin and Du Mu in the later period are also representatives. They each have their own unique styles, whether it is the Five Ancient Yuefu or the Seven Ancient Yuefu.
Gexing is still five' seven-character quatrains', and some experts are particularly shaken.
Liu Yu Zongyuan in Han Dynasty and Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong in Song Dynasty were called the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties by later generations. His prose poems are colorful, among which Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu and Su Shi have the highest achievements. I won't cite the above examples.
The "Yuanqu" after the Tang and Song Dynasties actually contains two different literary themes. One is "Zaju", which has songs and white, and belongs to the category of drama; The other is "Sanqu", which is a new style poem in Yuan Dynasty, and each poem has its own independent appreciation value. Using folk tunes and new songs, according to the creative inertia of the ancestral hall, lyrics are written according to the sound and sung by strings, which is the earliest Sanqu. . The lyrics of "Yuanqu" show that it is a feature together with songs and music.
"Ming Ci" and "Qing Ci" are also a kind of poetry. For example, Tang Yin's "A Plum" in the Ming Dynasty: The pear blossoms are closed after the rain, and the youth is forgotten and missed. Pleasure * * * Who said that? Under the flower, the soul disappears, and under the moon.
Worry about gathering eyebrows and crying at a thousand points. See the sky at dawn and the clouds at dusk. When I walk, I miss you; Even when I am sitting, I miss you. This song is full of acacia. Can you watch without moving your face?
A few crows in the deep forest dream like smoke. Until the dream is hard to find. Butterflies dance, and Yingying talks to herself, which always makes people sad. The moon is as empty as water. This song of Zhuang Kun also tells the story of acacia, which represents a one-sided view of "clearing words"
Modern poetry, which introduces the free style of western culture, is characterized by lyricism, free combination, rhyming without rhyming and flexibility. I won't describe it here. In case people call me croak crow.