It is necessary to keep it in a low-temperature refrigerator. Sofibuvir is the first generation of hepatitis C drug produced by Gilead company, and Havini (H? Ar v o n i) is the second-generation hepatitis C drug produced by them, so it is also called Gilead II. Sofebuvir alone can't cure hepatitis C, but Havinib alone can cure hepatitis C 1. I am 1 a type. In March this year, I contacted "Hangzhou Wuzhou" for consultation at the Apollo Hospital of Indo-Pacific and bought an Indo-Pacific imitation Havini. Hangzhou Wuzhou provides translation. After a long-distance consultation, the printers from Hangzhou Wuzhou sent the medicine, the prescription from Apollo Hospital and the bill issued by the pharmacy to my home. May I ask "Hangzhou Wuzhou"?
Hang up? Status? Wuzhou Telecom: (400 —— 150 —— 8089)
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This four-line poem is literally as clear as words, but there have been many objections to its theme. Some people think that it is just a hymn without any implication; However, Yang Shen's Poem of Sheng 'an said: "Hua Qing used imperial rites and music in Shu, mocking it, but his meaning was beyond words, and he got the poet's meaning." Shen Deqian's "On Poetry" also said: "Poetry is expensive and intentional, and words are here. Du Shaoling's tattoos and theft, he wants to write new songs in the sky. " Yang and Shen's theory is preferable.
In the feudal society of China, the etiquette system was extremely strict, and even music had an unusually clear hierarchy. According to the book of the Old Tang Dynasty, after the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, the great-grandfather Li Yuan ordered the great-grandfather to research the elegant music of the Tang Dynasty, "The emperor is in the Xuan, playing Taihe; The princes went in and out, playing books and; The crown prince announced that he would hang out and play; ..... "These fragmentary music systems are all established laws of the dynasty, and a slight violation is chaos and rebellion.
Hua Qing, whose real name is Ding Jing, is Cui Guangyuan of Yinbu, Chengdu, who has made great contributions to the counter-insurgency. However, he was arrogant, arrogant, broke the law and discipline, and allowed the foot soldiers to plunder East Shu. And beyond the court, arrogating the joy of the son of heaven. Du Fu's poems are euphemistic satire.
Intriguingly, the author did not explicitly criticize Hua Qing, but adopted a clever pun. Literally, this is an excellent musical hymn. You see:
"Chengdu has more silk management days", which means Chengdu; Silk tubes refer to stringed and wind instruments; Succession, which originally meant that things were numerous and chaotic, was usually used to describe concrete things that could be seen and touched, but here it was used as a metaphor for abstract music that could not be seen and touched, which turned the invisible into visible from the synaesthesia of human hearing and vision, and accurately and vividly described the light, soft, mixed and harmonious musical effect of the stringed instrument. "Half into the river, half into the clouds" is also written like this: melodious music flies out from the banquet of Huaqing's family, rippling in the Jinjiang River with the wind, and Ran Ran floats to the blue sky and white clouds. These two poems let us truly feel the beauty of music. The word "half" is ethereal and clever, which adds a lot of interest to the whole poem.
The music is so beautiful that the author can't help but sigh: "This song should only be available in the sky and can be heard several times on earth." Fairy music in the sky, of course, is rare in the world, and it is even more wonderful to smell it.
There are four sentences in the whole poem. The first two sentences describe music with concrete images, which are real words; The last two sentences boasting about Yue Xian in the sky are daydreams. Because of reality and emptiness, the reality and reality are born together, and the beauty of music is praised to the extreme.
However, this is only a literal meaning, and the implication is meaningful. This can be seen from the words "heaven" and "earth". Those who are "in heaven" are also in the palace where the son of heaven lives; "People" are also outside the palace. This is a common pun in feudal society. It is said that music belongs to the sky, and the word "should only be" has been added. Since it is "should only be in the sky", then "people" should certainly not be "hearing". Don't "smell", but "smell", not only a few times, but also a few days. Therefore, the author's satirical intention is implicit, indirect and accurate.
Zhang Tianjue, a poet in the Song Dynasty, once commented on the satirical cloud of poetry: "Satire should not be in full bloom, and anger will show bones and muscles." ("Poet Jade Scrap" Volume 9 quotes) Du Fu's poem contains rigidity in softness, hides needles in cotton, irony in flattery, implication, persuasion without ill words, which is just right. As Yang Lun commented, "It's like flattery and satire. The so-called speaker is not guilty, and the listener is warned. " Such a quatrain, how to reduce the dragon mark (Wang Changling) and sacrifice (Li Bai). "("Du Shi Jing Quan ")
Single copy was compiled in Chengdu Poetry Collection in the end of Yuan Dynasty. Old note: the public "plays a flower song", and this flower will be surprised. The last six verses of Zhu Zhu's "Song of the Tang Dynasty" were broken into the second poem, which is this poem. See Guo Maoqian's Yuefu Poems.
Jincheng silk tube day after day ①, half into the river and half into the clouds ②. This song should only be heard in the sky. How many times can the world hear it?
Jiang Feng, the words and sounds are very clear. Into the clouds, the voice is high. In the sky, describe the beauty of singing and dancing. Du Yi: Hu took Hua Qing as a geisha, just like a geisha. It is undoubtedly a surprise to think that this poem is beyond the ability of a geisha. He is arrogant, so his language contains sarcasm. If you can smell a few, you won't be talking for long. )。
(1) Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty: "Qing Si Liu Guan Ge Yu Fu" Cao Zhishi: "There are many dances of Qi and Chu." (2) Emperor Liang Yuan's poem: "Jiang Feng should be clear in summer." Cao Zhi's "Seven Wonders": "Changfeng, elegy into the clouds." 3 Ancient Poetry: "Who can compose this song?" "Xuanshizhi": Ten generations of Xuanzong dream fairy descended to the earth, listed in the court, and played with their own musical instruments. Its music is clear and beautiful, almost inhuman. As for Yue Kun, a fairy said, "This is the song of the fairy Ziyun." Yue Fu's Longxi West: "What is in the sky?" 4 Liezi: "What the eyes and ears see and hear is inhuman." Jiao Hong said: "Hua Qing was arrogant because of her merits, but Du Gong turned his nose at her, but she didn't show it. She has the intention that people say she is innocent, and those who hear her will be warned. There are more than 100 public quatrains, which is the highest.
Yang Shen said: Hua Qing was in Shu, and she used the imperial rites and music. Zi Mei made this satire, but the implication won the poet's favor. At that time, Jincheng prostitutes only entered the Song Dynasty with this poem and saw it.
This poem is beautiful and elegant, with ups and downs, although it is too white and rare. Its first sentence gets to the point, and the next sentence is the proper method of quatrains. Li Bai's "Tai Su's Visit to the Ancient Times" says: "The old garden is desolate, and Yang Liuxin and Ling Gechun can't sing. Only today's Xijiangyue has taken care of people in the Wu Palace. " It was also the first sentence that got to the point. Some people have doubts at the end of the second issue, such as Du Chang's Huaqing Palace, which says, "We traveled dozens of miles in the south of the Yangtze River, and the romance entered Huaqing. The west wind rushed to Ge Yuan and heard Yang Zuoyu. " Yeah, yeah. Some people wrote in the third issue, such as Chu Guangxi's "Sending People", saying: "Xinlin returned to the boat alone in February, and the water was full of flowers. In the words of my hometown, I live in the world. " Yeah, yeah. In the four periods, people wrote questions. For example, in Han Yu's "The Temple of King Zhao of Chu", he said: "The graves are full of clothes, and the city is abandoned by the clouds and grass trees. And China people miss Germany, and a small house is dedicated to Wang Zhao. " That's right. There is a two-point topic, such as "Autumn in Jingmen" by Li Bai, which says: "Frost falls on the trees in Jingmen River, and the canvas hangs the autumn wind safely. This trip is not for bass, but for famous mountains. " Yeah, yeah. There are three topics, such as Li Bai's "Playing the flute when listening to the Yellow Crane Tower and the Qin Dynasty": "One is to move to Changsha and look to the west to see Chang 'an. The Jade Emperor blows the Yellow Crane Tower, and plum blossoms fall into the river in May. "Yes, yes. There are four topics, such as Huang Furan's "Send Wei Sixteen to Suzhou", which says: "The autumn night is heavy, and the yin insects are very unpleasant. Go back to Piling Road tomorrow, and look back at Suzhou as white clouds. "Yes, yes. There are two sentences in three periods, as usual, making a cloud "Looking for Li Jiuzhuang in three days": "When the rain stops, Yanglin will cross the ferry and Yonghe will go boating for three days. So people are on the peach blossom bank until the stream flows in front of the door. "Yes, yes. There are two four-point questions, such as Meng Haoran's Yoshioka Zhou Wenzi, which says: "When the tide ebbs, there is no wind on the river, and the canoe is like a gentleman. Always lead the way to the end of the day, with green hills in the middle. "Yes, yes. There are three four-point questions, such as Wang Wei's "Send Yuan 20 An Xi", which says: "Weicheng is rainy and dusty, and the guests will be green. I advise you to drink more wine. It makes no sense to go out to Yangguan in the west. "Yes, yes. There are also two vertical squares, which are aimed at the inheritors. For example, Shaoling's "Healing the Wounded" said, "Qian doesn't play chess these days, but Baguio still spreads old poems. The jade bureau is infinite, and the poplar is sad today. "Yes, yes. ?
This poem was written in the spring of 756, the second year of Zhide. The year before last, on the way to Suzong in Lingwu, the poet was taken to Chang 'an by the rebels in An Lushan, and later escaped. What is written in the poem is the desolate scene seen in Chang 'an at that time, recalling the grand occasion of the past, and the feelings of grief and indignation run through the whole article.
In the autumn of the first year of Tang Suzong to Germany (756), Du Fu left Zhangzhou for Tang Suzong, which had just acceded to the throne. Unfortunately, he was captured by the Anshi Rebellion and brought to the occupied Chang 'an. It is very painful for a poet to go back to his old place and feel sad at this sight. The following spring, the poet strolled along Qujiang in the southeast of Chang 'an City, deeply moved and heartbroken. Ai Jiang Tou is a true record of his mood at that time.
The first four sentences are the first part, writing the Qujiang scene after the fall of Chang 'an. Qujiang was once a famous tourist attraction in Chang 'an. After kaiyuan was built, pavilions and pavilions were staggered, and exotic flowers and grasses competed for fragrance. In spring, colorful flowers and green flowers roll around the embankment, and fresh horses and chariots beat on the hub, which is really inexhaustible. But this has become history, and the prosperity of the past has passed like a dream. Now, "Shaoling night always swallowed and cried. I am like a shadow of spring, stealing along the winding river." An old man with a choked voice sneaked in the corner of Qujiang. This is the "tourist" of Qujiang today! The first sentence has several meanings: fewer pedestrians, one floor; Pedestrians cry, second floor; Don't dare to cry loudly, you can only swallow your tears, three floors. The second sentence not only explains the time and place, but also describes the poet's modality: how unfortunate it is to "sneak" in a scenic spot and sneak in a remote corner in spring! Repeated use of the word "qu" gives people a feeling that the song is difficult to stretch and full of sorrow. Two poems, writing the depression of Qujiang and the horror of the atmosphere, writing the poet's anxiety, fear and depression, endless, worthy of being the main author of the article!
There are thousands of palaces on the shore and new branches of willows. Who are you green for? ? What the poet Qujiang saw. "Thousand Gates", it is said that there are many palaces, which shows the prosperity of the past. With a word "lock", the prosperity of the past and the depression of today are put together, which skillfully forms the contrast between the past and the present. It seems to be handy, but it is extremely clever. "Xiliu Xinpu" has beautiful scenery. The willows on the shore are curled up, and the cattails in the water are sprouting and turning green. The word "green for whom" suddenly turned, mourning a happy scene. On the one hand, it says that the country has changed hands, on the other hand, it says that there are no tourists, which is infinitely sad and has a great pen power that makes people feel deeply grieved.
The second part is "I remember a colorful flag floating in the South Garden" to "Laughing off my wings", recalling the prosperous scene of Qujiang spring before the Anshi Rebellion. The word "reminiscing about the past" is used here, which leads to a very prosperous and lively text. "I remember a colorful flag floating in the south garden, the color of everything in the garden", and I always write a note first. Nanyuan is a hibiscus garden in the south of Qujiang. In the 20th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (732), he built a road from Daming Palace and arrived at Qujiang Furong Garden. Xuanzong and the Empress often go to Qujiang for sightseeing through Jiacheng. The phrase "Everything in the garden is colorful" describes the luxury of driving around the garden, and pearls and gems set off flowers and trees.
Then describe in detail the scene of Tang and Yang Guifei visiting the park. "Take the car with you" is the story of the consort in Hanshu. Emperor Hancheng swam in the harem and wanted to live with Ban Jieyu. Ban Jieyu refused to say, "Looking at ancient paintings, the kings of sages are all famous ministers, and the last three generations of masters are all daughters. If you want to think the same today, isn't it almost the same? " Tang Huangming did what Emperor Han Chengdi wanted to do but didn't do. Yang is smug about what Ban Jieyu refused. This clearly shows that Xuanzong in the Tang Dynasty was not a "saint" but an "empress". Beyond pen and ink, there is also profound meaning. Next, I will write about Yang Guifei by writing about "talents". "Talented people" are female officials in the palace. They took the guards, rode white horses with gold as the halter, and shot animals. These attendants are so luxurious, what a sight it is for the concubines of the emperors who came from the Sun Palace and owned land in the Tang Dynasty and the first lady of the kingdom! Only then did people shoot at the sky and hit the birds flying with me. Unfortunately, this exquisite skill is not used to maintain world peace and national unity, but only to win Yang Guifei's "smile". Where did these emperors' empresses think that this kind of indulgent life was planted by themselves!
The following eight sentences "Where are those perfect eyes and those pearly teeth?" The third part shows the feelings of Qu Jiangtou's poets. Divided into two layers. The first floor ("Where are those perfect eyes and those pearly teeth?" "There is no news of her here") directly inherited the second half, lamenting the tragedies of Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei. "White Eyes and White Teeth" takes care of the word "laugh" and makes up the modality of Yang Guifei laughing, which is vivid and natural. The word "where is it now" takes care of "willow, new rushes, who are you so green for?" In the first part, the word "for whom" has become more specific, with extremely painful feelings. Ghost in Blood pointed out that Yang Guifei was killed by violence. The fall of Chang 'an, as a wandering soul, is also "no return". They deserved it. What a sad ending! Yang Guifei was buried in Mawei on the Wei River, but went deep into the rugged Shu Road of the mountain road through Jiange. She lived and died together, and her voice and face were slim. In the past, the lotus garden birds were shot, but today there is a gap between life and death in front of Mawei Slope. With this bright and ingenious contrast, the poet pointed out the causal relationship between their excessive joy and disaster, which was thrilling. The second layer ("people, pity for others, make a tearful wish" to "I fled south, but I stared at the throne north") summarizes the whole article and expresses the poet's feelings about the vicissitudes of the world. The first two sentences say that people have feelings, touch the scene and shed tears in their hearts; Nature is ruthless, it does not change with the changes of the world, flowers bloom and water flows by itself, and there is no end. This is a ruthless contrast with family, and it is more affectionate. The last two sentences reflect his deep feelings and confused thoughts with the description of behavior and action. The phrase "Climb the Tatar, and in the dim twilight, the atmosphere of high pressure and terror is pushed to a climax, and the beginning of" submit to humiliation "and" sneaking around "comes to an end. At dusk, in order to guard against the resistance of the people, the rebels went out one after another, so that the dust flew over the whole Chang' an city. The poet who was already worried and angry was even more heartbroken at this moment. He wanted to go back to his residence in the south of Chang 'an, but he went to the north. I am upset and can't tell the north from the south, which fully and vividly reveals the great sorrow of the poet.
In this poem, the feelings expressed by the poet are profound and complicated. When he expressed his sincere patriotic passion, he also showed his condolences to the troubled king. This is an elegy of Li Tang's prosperity and the decline of the country. What the whole article shows is the deep sorrow for the destruction and death of the country.
The word "mourning" is the core of this poem. The first sentence at the beginning, "Shaoling cries at night," created a strong artistic atmosphere. Later, I wrote whether it is sad to sneak around in spring, and whether it hurts or sad to see something. Finally, it is extremely sad not to distinguish between north and south. The word "mourning" covers the whole article, gloomy and depressed, and the artistic conception is deep.
As far as time is concerned, the structure of poetry is from now to memory, and from memory to reality. Emotionally speaking, first of all, write mourning, touch injury, nothing is not sad; I am sad and happy, recalling the decadent life of Li and Yang. And joy begets sorrow, pushing the loss of national subjugation to a climax. This not only describes the causal relationship between "joy" and "sorrow", but also produces a strong contrast effect. The contrast between the past and the present better highlights the poet's uncontrollable sadness, resulting in ups and downs in the structure. The style of writing is restrained and restrained, and the changes are extremely wonderful. "His words are like a hundred golden horses, and his deeds are like the ground, and he has won the poet's legacy" (see Wei Qingzhi's "Poet Jade Piece", Volume 14).
Crane noticed that it was the second spring in Germany, and the public was trapped among thieves. To the east of Suzaku Street in Chang 'an, there is running water, named Qujiang. This place is in Yichun Garden of Qin Wei, and the garden is in Hanweile. Kaiyuan is a scenic spot, with Ziyun Building and Xiaorong Garden in the south and Xingyuan and Qiongzhi in the west. By the river, the reeds are lush, the willow trees are shaded in four, and the blue waves are red, which is very lovely. Huang Sheng said: Poetry is a pity of a noble lady, and I dare not condemn it. Therefore, thanks to the blessing of Jiangtou, it is marked as the title ear.
Shaoling night swallowed and began to cry. I quietly walked down the winding river like a shadow of spring. Since the palace on the shore is sealed by a thousand doors, who are you so green for? (See Qujiang Depression here. The first paragraph has the feeling that the Forbidden City is separated from Xiaomi. Submit to humiliation, sneaking around, afraid the thief will know. Lock the door, say who is green, no one. )
1 Lu Yong of Qian Chengjian Dachang: Shaolingyuan, 40 miles southwest of Chang 'an County. The Xuandi Mausoleum is located in Ling Du County, and Ling Du South Garden will be buried later. Shigu said: Now even the so-called Xiaoling people go to Ling Du 18. Zhu Zhu notes that all his books are Shaoling, and Du Fu's family is absent, so he calls himself Lao, also known as Shaoling. "Hate Fu": "Don't swallow and hate the sound." (2) Everything was wrong: Alina Zhang said, "I tried to sneak out." ③ The poem of Emperor Yang Di: "Arrive at Jiangtou on March 3rd." Post-Han Dynasty: Decorating palaces. Wang Yunshi: "Thousands of doors are closed at night." (4) Mei Cheng's Fu: "Xu Wei Xi Liu" Xie Lingyun's poem: "The new pu contains purple velvet."
I remember a flag floating from the South Garden, and the colors of everything in the Garden. The first lady of the kingdom, from the Sun Palace, waited on the emperor in his royal carriage. In front of them were cavalry, everyone with bows and arrows, and discerning horses, chewing broken gold. An archer, holding his chest high, crossed the clouds and dropped his wings with a smile.
(this reminiscence of the imperial concubine's garden is extremely enjoyable. There are many beautiful women in the garden. Zhaoyang is the first, and it is special. I am loyal to you, and I am loyal to you. Shoot a bird for a smile, imperial secretary flatters. )
(1) Gao Tang Mi: "It's a smooth, green cover." Fu on both capitals: "Rainbow." Lu Yong: Qujiang is located in the southeast of the capital. To the south of Qujiang is Furong Garden, hence the name Nanyuan. 2 Song Wenzhi's poem: "The fallen flowers in the garden are swept back together." Gu Yuefu: "Everything gives birth to brilliance." Lu Ji's poem: "Burning beautiful colors." 3 "Han Shu": Yan Fei is the queen, spoiled and young. Fortunately, my younger brother is Zhao Yi and lives in Zhaoyang Hall. Tang Note: Li Bai's poem: "Who is the first in the palace, and the swallow is in Zhaoyang." Also refers to Yang Fei. (4) Hanshu: Emperor Cheng visited the backyard, hoping to make friends with Ban Jie. Zhuangzi: "On the side of my monarch." In a word, saying "with", "from" and "serve" seems to be somewhat repetitive. Yang Shen said: Some ancient people never tire of solemnity. "Poetry" says: "Obviously there is harmony, and the high work ends." "Yi" said: "Discrimination is also clear." Zuo Zhuan said, "It's far away." Song Yufu: "Dan faces the clouds." Gu Yuefu: "Don't go home at dusk." Chunbei, Handan: "The grave rises from the grave." "The Book of the Later Han Dynasty": "You can't eat enough." Nowadays, people think it's all over. ⑤ Record of Hundred Officials in Old Tang Dynasty: There are seven talents and four qualities in the official. Cao Zhi's seven revelations: "There must be talented people and strange prostitutes." Looking for God: Li Chubin travels with a bow and arrow. ⑥ He Xun's poem: "Zhedan Suizhu Pill, Baima Jinle." Ming Taizu's Miscellaneous Notes: Fortunately, in the Qing Palace, the imperial concubine and sisters each bought a famous horse, with gold as the topic, and Ruan Ji wrote "Kangfu": "Bitten." ⑦ Cao Zhishi: "Transfer to Beijing." The origin of Xie Shi's poems: Geng Ying is good at shooting, and a bag of arrows shoots into the clouds, which is called locking the clouds. Du Yu: If a cloud shoots, it doesn't mean there is an arrow. 8 smile, refers to the imperial concubine. Smile when you see the clear teeth below. Song Yu's lustful fu: "Laugh." Pan Yue's Shooting the Pheasant: "Yesterday, Jia Zhiru Gao began to solve his face with an arrow." Sui Shu: I often shoot sculptures, one shot and two passes. Penny's poem: "Let's both go." Zhang Jiuling's poem: "I want to send flying wings."
Where are those perfect eyes and those pearly teeth? ? A blood-stained soul has no home and nowhere to go. Taoshui flows eastward, crossing Diaolou Pass (3), but there is no news of her. People, compassionate, make a tearful wish (5), the waters on Cao Jiang are the ultimate (5). Tatars riding horses covered the town with dust in the dim twilight. I fled south, but I was still staring at the throne in the north.
(This story about Ma Su's inauguration ceremony in the west deeply caused the sorrow after the chaos. The concubines are wandering souls, and Ming Di is fortunate to be under the sword, and he is very close to death. On the Cao Jiang, shocking and worrying, south of the city and north of the city, is confused and confused. This chapter consists of four sentences and eight sentences in the next two paragraphs. )
① Cao Zhi's Ode to Luoshen: "Red lips are bright outside, white teeth are fresh inside, bright eyes are good, and cymbals are supplemented." ② Wu Junshi: "The clothes of the King of Qin were stained with blood." Yi: "Wandering souls change." An Lushan rebelled in the name of killing Guo Zhong. And, Chen, etc. When he died, the army didn't understand. The emperor sent Lux to ask the reason and said, "The disaster is still there." The emperor had no choice but to talk to the princess and took him away. He walked along the road to the temple. Addendum to Tang Shi: Xuanzong was lucky in Shu, and went to Mayi Post, and the imperial concubine was in front of the pear tree in the Buddhist temple. Truth and legend: My princess died at the age of 38 and was buried at the north gate of Xudao, one mile away from Xiguo. Emperor Gan Jian crossed the Weihe River by the temporary bridge, looked at Mawei westbound from Xianyang, and entered Dasanguan, Ye He and Jiange from Wudu to reach the capital. ③ "west pays the right way": there is a muddy path in Wei Qing in the north, and Notes on the Classic of Mountains and Seas: Weishui flows out of Xueshu Tongshan, Wushu, Shouyang County, Longxi. Zuo Si's "Shu Du Fu": "The edge is the sword pavilion." Note: "Jiange, the name of the valley, is from Shu to Hanzhong Road." (4) Cai Yan's Song of Songs: "Two feelings are hard to live." Yu Shi: "I haven't heard from you since I left." ⑤ Tao Qian's poem: "Life is like an illusion." Xie Tiao's poem: "I miss my hometown with love." Yuefu: "Pick up the tears of Huayang." ⑥ Whether the flowers and plants in Jiangtou are extreme or not, I hope that the prosperity of Chang 'an can reappear. Liang Jianwen's poem, "Flowers are similar to jade." Cao Zhi said, "There is no end to heaven and earth. ⑦ Huainanzi: "Thinner than Yuquan means dusk. "Biography of Zhou Bo in the Pre-Han Dynasty": "Hit Pingcheng, Hu Qi." 8 original note: "Fu lives in the south of the city. "Zhu Zhu's note on Lu You's note:" If you want to go south and forget the north ",you can't remember its north and south. Gong Jing collected two sentences, both of which looked north and covered biographies. Northerners say they want to look south, but they want to go north, and they can't remember the meaning of north and south. Cao Zhi's "Continued Interpretation": "The south is farther north, which means that the east is against the west. "Gu Yuefu:" In the south of the city, Guo Bei died. "Wang Siyuan said: Qujiangtou is the place where the emperor and the imperial concubine usually travel, so there is a palace. The public traced back to the chaos, starting with the imperial concubine, so the poem directly talked about her favorite banquet tour, and finally took the blood as a lesson.
Tang's annotation "crossing the Weihe River to the east and crossing the stone cracks in the watchtower" refers to two examples of satirizing Xuan and Su. Zhu note, Su Zong from Pengyuan to Lingwu, has nothing to do with Weishui. Zhu Youyun: Wei Shui, Duke Du was arrested by thieves. Jiange, Xuanzong was adapted into Shu. I went to live with each other and said I was in Chang 'an. I don't know the news of Shu Dao. Today's press: This is not true. The above dialect Ma Wei gave a death, and the next sentence should not be Chang 'an. Komayi from Xingping County, Jingzhao Prefecture, comes from Longxi. After Xingping, Gai Yang Fei buried Weibin and went to Jiange. He went to live in the west and there was no news. Only a single reinjection can meet this purpose.
Su Zhe said: Du Fu's poems about being caught in a thief include "Mourning for the Head", and we should love his words. If a hundred golden war horses are dumped on slopes and Jian Mo, if you walk on the ground, you will be able to pray for the legacy of others. For example, Bai Letian's poems are very skillful, but his chronological style is very poor. He never leaves a step and is afraid of losing it, so it is better to look at old stories.
Pan Shi's Memories of Du Shi Bo says: Zhao Cigong introduced Su Huangmen to taste his nephew; Mourning the Head of a General is also called Song of Eternal Sorrow. "Song of Eternal Sorrow" needs hundreds of words, but Du Yan is really favored, just "First Lady of the Republic of China, from Tomorrow Palace" is enough. Fortunately, "snow horse, chew up gold" is enough. When it comes to Ma Wei's death, "a blood-stained soul has no home and nowhere to go" is enough. According to Huang Men's theory, the poetic method is complicated and simple, but the Song of Eternal Sorrow was originally written because of the Biography of the Song of Eternal Sorrow, and the police had to predict and mourn for it. The poem "Northern Expedition" is "I don't know the decline of Yin and Xia, so I praise it from it". Should the public regard the death of the imperial concubine as a blessing for rejuvenating the country?
Poetry: There was a temple next to Qujiang in Tang Dynasty, and there was Tianbao in Kaiyuan. After the Anshi Rebellion, its land was completely deserted. Literati read Du Fu's poem: "The palace on the shore is self-styled with thousands of doors, and the willows are new rushes. Who are you so green for?" "Because of Ziyun Building and Sunset Pavilion, 18 years old gave a banquet, and Beth was ordered to build pavilions on both sides.
Huang Sheng said: This poem is half exposed and half contained. If it's sadness, it's irony. The Tianbao Rebellion was a real disaster for Yang. Duke Du's body is clear to the emperor, so he can't tell the truth directly and dare not hide it. It is extremely appropriate to use a pen like this. He also said: people who are good at saying things, but one thing can be covered in many ways, which makes people complacent. If they remember it by heart, the more complicated the words, the shorter the taste. The Song of Eternal Sorrow has existed since ancient times, but the poem Jiangxin has nothing to say, and its elegant tone is not harmonious. ?
The Seven Wonders was a movement in the Tang Dynasty, with the largest number of workers. ..... After Li Bai and Wang Changling, Liu Mengde should be the most important. Fate is hazy, it comes for no reason and goes to infinity. Du Lao's Seven Musts wanted to part ways with other schools and didn't want to find another way. Unique feelings, the most elegant poet. ……
He said that Du Fu "found a new way" and found a new way in the Seven Wonders of the Tang Dynasty, which can be felt by people familiar with Du Fu's quatrains. His seven quatrains are really out of the ordinary, except for several chapters, such as Gifts for Flowers and Meeting Li Guinian Downstream.
First of all, it expands the field of quatrains from the content aspect. All the themes, such as discussing the affairs at that time, talking about art papers and describing trivial matters around us, can be expressed in other poetic styles and also used to write quatrains.
Secondly, related to it, this kind of quatrains are not ethereal in art, but are known for their charm; There is also a lack of voices lamented by the orchestra. Its unique victory lies in the fun of touching the machine, the wonderful mood and the rich taste of reading, just like gossiping around the stove and cutting candles to discuss the heart; No matter how sorry you are, no matter whether you laugh or scold, you can give people a kind, true and sincere feeling, and let people see their people and hear their voices. The unique style of simplicity and elegance is memorable.
The six quatrains (hereinafter referred to as six quatrains) is one of the specimens of Du Fu's quatrains.
The most common way to discuss poetry with poetry is to discuss poetic quatrains. It, every song can talk about a problem; By combining many poems into a group, we can see a complete artistic view. In the theoretical heritage of China's poetry, there are many famous quatrains on poetry, the earliest and most influential of which is Du Fu's Six quatrains.
Six quatrains were written in the second year of Shang Dynasty (76 1). The first three poems comment on the author, and the last three reveal the purpose of the poem. Its spirit is interrelated and an inseparable whole.
On Yu Xin's Six Poems. Du Fu once said in Spring Memories of Li Bai that "opening a house is fresh and beautiful". In this poem, it is pointed out that Yu Xin's later articles (also referred to as poems and fu) are more mature in style: "Yu Xin's articles are older and more mature, and his brushwork is vertical and horizontal." Lingyun, a healthy pen, is not only good at "freshness". The "modern people" in the Tang Dynasty who told Yu Xin what to do, laughed and scolded him, enough to show his ignorance. Therefore, "former sages fear future generations" is just a kind of irony.
The second and third poems are about four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty. Poetry in the early Tang Dynasty has not completely got rid of the habit of painting algae in the Six Dynasties. In the second song, "being frivolous for writing" is a cynical remark about the "Four Masters". Shi Bing's Du Suozheng explains this poem in this way: "The style of saying four words was the fashion at that time, but people who scoffed at it have not stopped yet. I don't know that the name of the second Cao was destroyed, and the writings of the four sons were not abolished, such as rivers flowing forever. "
The third song "Even if" is Du Fu's accent, and "Wang Lu's calligraphy is not as coquettish as Han Wei's" is what people laugh at the Four Masters (Lu Wang refers to the Four Masters in the poem). Du Fu quoted their words to refute, so the last two sentences had such a turning point. This means that, even so, Si Jie can master such magnificent words as "The Story of Long Hu Wen" with the talent of vertical and horizontal cooperation, and their works can stand the test of time.
The intention of these three poems is obvious: the first poem says that people should see the whole, not just one aspect and ignore the other. The second one says that the evaluation of writers cannot be divorced from the conditions of their times. The third song points out that although the writers' achievements are different, they have their own characteristics and do not hide from each other. We should evaluate it properly and be good at learning from our predecessors from different angles.
These views are undoubtedly correct. But the significance of these three poems goes far beyond this. Wei-Jin period is a transitional stage of China literature from plain to brilliant. During this period, Li Ci and melody developed rapidly, and the poet made great achievements in the exploration of poetic forms and language skills.
This created conditions for the overall prosperity of Tang poetry. On the other hand, there was a bad tendency in the literature of the Six Dynasties to emphasize form over content, especially after the appearance of the court of Qi and Liang Dynasties, the poetic style became more decadent and powerless.
Therefore, the acceptance and criticism of the Six Dynasties literature by the poets in the Tang Dynasty is an extremely arduous and complicated subject. When Qi Liang and Yu Feng were still ruling the poetry circles in the early Tang Dynasty, Chen Ziang first put forward the idea of restoring ancient ways, followed by Li Bai, who completed the task of cleaning up and destroying the depression. The trend of "serving the people of China but keeping their feet on the ground" has been reversed, but some "descendants" and "Ercao" who have no opinions and take their ears as their eyes have gone to the other extreme. They seek for sound and shadow, but they want to completely deny the literature of the Six Dynasties and point the attack at Yu Xin and the four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty.
Yu Xin summed up the literary achievements in the Six Dynasties, especially his poems with neat sentence patterns and harmonious rhythm, as well as lyric poems written in poetic language, which played a direct leading role in regular poems, Yuefu songs and parallel prose in the Tang Dynasty. In the eyes of Tang people, he is the most representative modern writer, so it is easy to focus on him. As far as the four outstanding poets in the early Tang Dynasty are concerned, although they are not satisfied with the "official style" based on "strange charm", their main contribution is the inheritance and development of the artistic skills of the Six Dynasties and the establishment and consolidation of the modern poetry system. This has also become an excuse for those who are "good at the ancient times and close to the ancient times" to say that they are "not as coquettish as the Han and Wei Dynasties".
How to evaluate Yu Xin and the four outstanding poets was the focus of debate in the poetry circle at that time. Du Fu grasped this key point and expressed his views in the last three poems of Six Jueju. "Modern people" in "Love the ancients at all costs" refers to modern writers, such as Yu Xin and Si Jie. Du Fu loves the past but not the present, because "clear words and beautiful sentences must be neighbors". "Neighbor" means homophonic. In Du Fu's view, poetry is the art of language, and "clear words and beautiful sentences" cannot be abandoned. What's more, Yu Xin and Si Jie not only have "clear pronunciation and beautiful sentences", but also have the side of "Lingbi" and "Longji", so he advocates eclecticism: advocating ancient tunes and adopting new sounds, and keeping ancient and modern poems in parallel. "Today's people love the ancients, and beautiful sentences in plain language must be neighbors" should be understood in this sense.