(2) the witness of history, the vicissitudes of the past and present, the old moon in the east of Huai River, and the female wall in the middle of the night. Stone city
(3) The feeling of coldness and sadness (mostly expressed by the waning moon) Where did you wake up tonight? Fear is just the edge, facing the sad morning wind and the setting sun of the waning moon. Ling (Liu Yong)
(4) fresh feeling moonlight in the pine forest, crystal stone in the stream. An autumn night in the mountains (Wang Wei)
2. Liu. "Liu Zhe, stay." The ancients had the habit of breaking willows. In ancient poetry, "Liu" is often used to express the wandering's nostalgia. Ex.: In the past, I was gone, and the willows were reluctant; The road is muddy and difficult to walk, and people are thirsty and hungry. Why use the elegy of willow to complain about the delay of spring, old Yumenguan, a spring breeze is not blowing!
3. Plums, pine trees, bamboo, orchids and some herbs. Used to express the nobleness of inner world or pursue noble personality, or self-comparison, to make the best use of things to cover up the noble personality of poets. For example, Lu You's divination operator Yongmei and Qu Yuan's Lisao.
4, peach, chrysanthemum. Hermit's feelings, do not fall into the dust, beyond the secular. Example: picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely.
5. Zigui, Du Fu and Zhegu. Express homesickness and homesickness. Example: Huayang cried in every subject. /But when I heard Zigui singing on a moonlit night, the balcony of Shili was leaning against the green, and the cuckoo was singing in the depths of a hundred flowers. In the evening, the river is gloomy and there are partridges in the mountains.
6. boat. Boats and canoes express a feeling of relaxation, informality and freedom. Example: The apes on both sides of the Taiwan Strait can't stop crying, and the canoe has crossed Chung Shan Man.
7. Spring. Images in ancient poems are very rich. Early spring and New Year celebrate the new vitality of nature. For example, "the rain in Tianjie is crisp, but the grass color is far away." "Several early warblers compete for warm trees, and their new swallows peck at the soil in spring." Late spring shows the feeling of hurting spring, suggesting that spring is beautiful but fleeting, and many people lament that life is fleeting or the country is unlucky.
8. Autumn. The Mid-Autumn Festival images in ancient poems are often expressed as sorrowful autumn, expressing sadness, implying that youth is fleeting, the future is bleak and the national fortune is declining.
I came from three thousand miles away. With the sadness of autumn, with my sorrow of a hundred years, I climbed this height alone.
9. Sunset (dusk), afterglow, waning moon, fallen flowers, fallen leaves, autumn wind (frost wind, breeze), autumn rain, wind group, duckweed and Qiangdi express sadness and sentimentality. When my boat was sailing in the fog, the sun faded and old memories began. "Sleeping at Jiande" (Meng Haoran) Where to wake up after drinking tonight, the wind will rest in Yang Liuan. "Yulinling" (Liu Yong) The fog is thick and the clouds are sad forever, and the golden beast disappears. "Drunk Flowers" (Li Qingzhao) The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is floating, and life experiences are ups and downs. Crossing the Ocean in Dingding (Wen Tianxiang)
10, Chaoyang, safflower spring breeze, mulberry, fine grass yellow calf, people's favorite birds express joy and praise. For example, the red flowers in the sunrise river are better than the fire, and the river is as green as blue in spring. Can you not forget Jiangnan? "Remembering Jiangnan" (Bai Juyi) meets the sky, the lotus leaves are infinitely blue, and the lotus flowers are of different colors. "Seeing Lin Zifang off at dawn in Jingci Temple" (Yang Wanli) The cranes in the clear sky lined the clouds and quoted poems to Bixiao. Autumn Ci (Liu Yuxi)
1 1, natural and quiet scenery, simple and sincere farmers, happy farm life, monks, Taoists and other hermits.
Expressed indifference to fame and fortune and yearning for seclusion. Example: Before the egrets fly to Mount Cisai, peach blossoms and flowing water make mandarin fish fat. An old man in the bank, wearing a green bamboo hat raincoat and a green raincoat, braved the wind and rain and fished leisurely. He was fascinated by the beautiful spring scenery and didn't even go home in the rain. Yu Gezi (Zhang) and Poems such as Autumn Night in a Mountain Residence (Wang Wei) and Li Ning's Seclusion (Jia Dao).
12, beautiful death metabolism.
13, green leaves: vitality, hope and vitality
14, Hongye: It's called a sentimental thing, and then it's expressed by poetry.
15, phoenix tree: phoenix tree is a symbol of desolation, bitterness and sadness. For example, Wang Changling's Poem of Long Letters in Autumn says, "The phoenix tree in Jinjing is yellow with autumn leaves, and the bead curtain does not frost at night. The smoked jade pillow has no color, and you can listen to the Nangong for a long time. "
16, Hualuo: Disappointed, frustrated in life and career.
17, Xi Chun's nostalgia and nostalgia for beautiful things.
18, peach blossom: a symbol of beauty.
19, Lan:
20. Peony: Rich and beautiful.
2 1, grass: exuberant vitality, endless hope, desolation, remoteness, hatred of humble status and status.
22, Xiaomi: the sadness of parting (the rise and fall of the country)
23. Red bean: acacia bean refers to the token of love between men and women, which is a metaphor for love or friendship between men and women. From Wang Wei's poem "Acacia": "When those red berries come in spring, they flush on your southern branches, and I advise you to collect more as a symbol of our love." The poet expressed his affection for his friends through red beans born in the south.
24. Lotus: Because "lotus" and "pity" are homonyms, there are many poems about lotus in ancient poetry to express love. For example, "Xizhou Qu" by Yuefu in the Southern Dynasties: "Lotus is picked in autumn in the Southern Tang Dynasty, and the lotus is over the head; Bow your head to get lotus seeds, which are as green as water. " "Lotus seed" means "Reiko Kobayakawa" and "green" means "clear". There are both real and imaginary here, which means pun. The rhetorical device of homophonic pun is used to express a woman's deep yearning for the man she loves and the purity of love.
The maturity of plums is a metaphor for a girl's desire for love, such as "looking back by the door, but smelling plums" (Li Qingzhao's "Dianjiang Lips").
26, lilacs, refers to melancholy or complex, such as "since Nanpu Bie, I have been worried about seeing lilacs" (Tang Niuqiao's "Thanksgiving")
27, apes: sad and squeal Du Fu's "Climbing the Mountain" and "The wind blows in the wide sky and the apes whimper" red songs:: The pursuit of ideals
28. Eagle: The success of a powerful and free life.
29, dogs, chickens: life breath country life
30. Sha Ou: Falling and feeling sad.
3 1, bird: a symbol of freedom
32. Double carp: refers to letters. Han Yuefu's poem "Drinking Horses in the Great Wall Grottoes" said: "Guests come from afar and leave me a pair of carp. Hu Er cooks carp with books in it. " Later, I wrote a distant letter with double carp.
33. (Lonely) Goose: Lonely homesickness, homesickness, news, Hongyan: Letters miss relatives.
34. Hongyan: Hongyan is a large migratory bird. Every autumn, it moves south, often causing homesickness and sadness for wanderers. For example, Xue Daoheng, a native of Sui Dynasty, wrote: "People miss home every day." .
35. Partridge bird: The image of partridge also has a specific connotation in ancient poetry. The song of partridge makes people sound like "I can't live without my brother", which is very easy to evoke the association of hard journey and full of parting. For example, "When the sun sets, the grass is bright in autumn, and the partridges are singing far away" (Li Qunyu's "Smelling the partridges in Jiuzipo" in Tang Dynasty).
36. Chill: Qiu Chan will not live long. After some autumn rains, cicadas will make a few intermittent moans, and their lives are at stake. Therefore, chilling has become synonymous with sadness. For example, Dondero's "Chanting Cicada" begins with two sentences: "The cicadas in the west are singing, and the guests in the south are thinking deeply." [Journey to the West: Autumn] Singing in a chilling voice exaggerates his deep homesickness in prison.
37. Yuanyang refers to loving couples, such as "Why don't you give up your life if you succeed?" Better be a mandarin duck than a fairy "(Tang Lu's" Ancient Meaning Chang 'an ").
38. The image of "Swallow" in ancient poetry
Yan is a migratory bird, which migrates with the change of seasons and likes to enter and leave people's houses or eaves in pairs. Therefore, it is favored by the ancients and often appears in ancient poetry, or cherishes spring and hurts autumn, or exaggerates sadness, or reposes lovesickness, or is sentimental about current events, with rich images and expressive expressions, which are far behind other things.
(1) shows the beauty of spring and conveys the feeling of cherishing spring. The spring is bright, the swallows are petite and lovely, and the literati are affectionate. When spring passes, the poet will feel infinite sadness. Therefore, Ouyang Xiu has the idea of "going to tourists, only feeling empty in spring". When hanging the curtain, two swallows came back in the drizzle (picking mulberry seeds), and Qiao Ji was sad that "who is the swallow hiding the spring title, Yinger is ashamed to find a companion, cold and lazy to report to the official (picking honey), and the crow is hungry" (narcissus).
(2) show the beauty of love and convey the desire for a lover. Swallows are male and female, and they fly together, thus becoming a symbol of love. "Thinking of two flying swallows, holding mud in the nest", "Yaner is newly married, like brothers" (The Book of Songs). Gu Feng),
(3) Express the changes of current events, and express the feelings and indignation over the ups and downs of the past, the metabolism of personnel, the extinction of the country and the destruction of the family. Swallows leave in autumn and come in spring, never forgetting their old nests. The poet seized this feature and gave vent to his indignation. The most famous is Liu Yuxi's "Wuyi Xiang": "The Suzaku Bridge is overgrown with weeds, and the sun sets in Wuyi Xiangkou. In the old society, Xie Wang Tang flew into the homes of ordinary people. "
(4) Pass the book on behalf of others, and lightly complain about the pain of leaving love. In the Tang Dynasty, Guo Shaolan's Yanzu poems spread to her husband Renzong. Injong left home for Jiahu and never returned for several years. Shao Lan's poems were written by Yan Zu. Living in Jingzhou at that time, Yan suddenly leaned on his shoulder and saw a book tied to his foot, which explained that it was sent by his wife and returned with tears. His poem "seeing my husband off" said: "My husband went to the heavy lake, and I cried at the window. I am very diligent, and I sent it to my thin lover from Yan Yi. For example, "A sad swallow left a red line, which bored me to fly around in the shadows" (Zhang Kejiu Sai Qiu Hong Chun Qing), whose sadness and longing for love moved people, and then burst into tears.
(5) Express the feeling of wandering and describe the suffering of wandering. For example, "Every year is like a new swallow, roaming the vast sea, sending a rafter for repair" ("Man Ting Fang" Zhou Bangyan).
39. Sea: Vast power and profound momentum.
40, the river: the passage of time, the short and long sorrow of time. Historical development trend
4 1, smog: vague feelings, dim and confused future, hopeless failure of ideals, disillusionment.
42. Light rain: Spring scenery hopes for vitality and subtle enlightenment.
43. Rainstorm: Cruel and enthusiastic political struggle swept away the power of evil forces and cleaned up the power of pollution.
44. Spring breeze: broadmindedness, happiness and hope Dongfeng: Spring is beautiful.
45. West wind: the decline of loneliness and melancholy, the wandering hometown wind: the power of crisis to destroy the old world.
46. first frost: Life is easy to get old, the social environment is bad, evil forces are rampant, and the road of life is bumpy.
47. Snow: the evil of pure and beautiful environment and the rampant exposure of evil forces: short life is fleeting.
48. Cloud: Wandering wanderers use floating clouds as a metaphor for wandering wanderers, such as "I want to think of you in the floating clouds, so I think of me in the sunset" (Li Bai's "Seeing Friends Off").
49. cloudy day: suppress sadness and loneliness.
50. sunny weather: happy and bright golden wind: autumn wind
5 1, the image of "water"
(1) Because water is soft and cold, it is often compared to something that can be seen and touched but difficult to grasp, such as moonlight. Such as: "The day is cool like water at night, sitting and watching the morning glory and Vega." It reflects the tragic fate of women in feudal times from the side.
(2) Because of the constant shearing and softness of water, water is often used as a metaphor for sadness.
For example, Li Bai's "But since the water is still flowing, even though we cut it with a sword, sadness will come back, even though we drown them with wine." It expresses the poet's anxiety and sadness, because he strongly feels the irreconcilable contradiction between reality and ideal.
52. Jade: Revisit in a noble and refined way.
53. Pearl: Beautiful and flawless
54. hairpin (crown): official position and fame
55. Anvil: Women miss their husbands.
56. West Building and Small Building: in my heart forever's love;
57. Four Books: Music
58、; History: history;
59. Mulberry: hometown;
60. Xuanyuan: the motherland;
6 1, Jade Bird: Messenger
62. Wu Gou: Nodding and sword dancing. For example, Xin Qiji's Hidden Dragon. Deng Jiankang's "Pleasant Pavilion": "The sunset is on the roof, and the sound is broken. You are wandering in the south of the Yangtze River. I met Wu Gou and photographed the railings, and no one would attend. " By watching Wu Gou and patting the railing, I expressed my frustration. I wanted to serve my country and make contributions, but no one understood.
63. Kunshan Jade: A metaphor for outstanding talents.
64. There are many images in China's classical poems to express the feeling of "wandering", such as duckweed, Erigeron, and lonely goose. And "ship" is one of the most common images to express this feeling. A boat with a leaf, the sky is vast, and it is getting smaller and smaller than people; People who see many foreign scenery during their journey are more likely to cause infinite thinking. The image of "ship" in Du Fu's poems appears frequently and has a strong sense of wandering: a light wind ripples on the grass bank, passes through the night and blows to my motionless tall mast. The endless plains are dotted with drooping stars. The moon runs with the river. I hope my art can bring me fame and liberate my sick old age from the office! . Drifting is just a sandpiper in the vast world! .
Contrary to the sense of wandering, another typical connotation of the image of "ship" in China's classical poems is "freedom". Alone, grass grows by the stream, and orioles sing on the trees. The spring tide brought the rain late and urgent, and there was no boat on the wild crossing. Wei is in Xixi Chuzhou
Wei Shi describes beautiful scenery such as spring flowers, spring grass, spring trees, spring birds, spring tides and spring rains, and sets off the central image of "crossing the wild without a boat" with a series of colorful scenery, which is not only a realistic description, but also a vivid expression of the poet's mentality.
65. White: A Pure Funeral
66. Red: passionate, youthful and happy, green: hope, vitality and peace.
67, blue: elegant and melancholy yellow: warm and peaceful
68. Purple is noble and mysterious. Black is dark, desperate, solemn and mysterious. The memory of the deceased is unfortunate.
69. Hero: Admire self-pity, sigh villain: despise Zhi Ming's introspection and flogging.
70. The past of the Six Dynasties, the dream of the past of the Southern Dynasties: indicates the prosperous life of the past.
7 1, strike: it means that you are determined to serve your country and recover lost ground.
72. Emei (Moth): Beauty
73. Emei: a noble virtue; Qingqing Wei Zi: A talented person.
74. Writing the rules of the game refers to the blood shed for a just cause. Later, users also used "game-writing protocol" and "Gao Hong Bi Hua" to describe the death from resentment or loyalty. For example, The Injustice of Dou E: "It is not my Dou E who sent such a headless wish. This is a real grievance ... this is our ambition to spread flowers and see the emperor. "
75, folding laurel: metaphor for the imperial examination and. The Book of Jin was published: "Emperor Wu sent someone to the East Hall and asked,' What does Qing think of himself?' I said to him,' I am the first in the world, a branch of Guilin, Pian Yu in Kunshan.
76. Huaiju: refers to filial piety to parents.
77. Cai Wei: borrowing refers to seclusion. "Historical records. "Biography of Boyi" records: "The King of Wu put down the Yin chaos, and the world was dominated by Zhou. Boyi and Shu Qi were ashamed of this, and they hid in shouyangshan and ate from Wei." It tells the story of Boyi and Shu Qi who live in seclusion and refuse to serve Zhou. Later, he also showed his persistence in moral integrity.
78. "Palace Que", also known as "Wei Que", is synonymous with the imperial court and a symbol of the poet's reuse of power. "Mountain forest" refers to the image of the poet who turned to seclusion in the mountains when his political ideal was shattered or frustrated and he was unable to serve the country.
79. Love red: a metaphor for people who are sad, suffering and displaced.
80. Xu Xu: It means women sing snow. Refers to a woman who is good at reciting and has extraordinary talent. Later, "Xu Xu" means praising Si Nuo, and "Xu Xucai" means extraordinary talent.
8 1, Nanguan: refers to prisoners. The allusion comes from Zuo Zhuan's Nine-year Qi Huangong. Zhong Yi, a native of Chu, was imprisoned in the Jin Dynasty and still wore the Southern Crown. Fan Wenzi praised this as a gentleman's trip: later, ordinary literati used it to refer to their life as a prisoner with integrity.
Monuments: nostalgia, ambition, prosperity and decline (national decline and depression) (monuments are generally closely related to the ancients)
83. Country: Homesickness hates rural scenery, and the breath of life is pure, beautiful, comfortable and quiet.
Grassland: a vast realm of life; The human mind; City (street): prosperous, lively, rich and luxurious.
86. Wonderland: elegant, beautiful, clean, forgetful and vulgar.
87. Pinglan: I miss my old country, hometown and relatives.
88. Nanshan represents a secluded place
89. Taoyuan: an ideal paradise. Wu Lingren represents a hermit.
90. Liu Ying: refers to the military camp. Later, it was also called the disciplined military camp. 9 1, dawn: early hope late at night: sadness and nostalgia
92. Letter: No.93, hongyan town, Chini County, Su Chi. National subjugation: backyard flowers.
94. Heaven and Earth: the short life of human beings, the emotional loneliness with a broad mind.
95. Floating life: refers to a short and illusory life.
96. Chaoyang: I hope to have vitality; Sunset: Lost and depressed, cherish beautiful and short life or things.
People's Day. The seventh day of the first month. In ancient poetry, poets often express their homesickness and friends in people's days. For example, "People will know each other this year, but who knows next year?"
98. Mid-Autumn Festival. August fifteenth. The moonlight on this day is the best, and it is a festival for the whole family to enjoy the moon, so most people miss their loved ones on this day.
99. New Year's Eve. The last night of the year. "In addition" means in addition to the old cloth new.