The most important point is: ... If you want to be more successful than others, you must take shortcuts. Don't expect yourself to be luckier than others, and don't expect yourself to be smarter and harder than others. Intellectually speaking, you are not much different from others in terms of opportunities. If you want to surpass people similar to yourself, you must take shortcuts, shortcuts, shortcuts!
The first rule of memorizing word shortcuts is: you must recite a lot every time. Because I am not smarter than others, others forget one-fifth of the words after I recite them, and I will never forget less than others. However, others recite ten words every day, but they can recite one hundred, forget one fifth, and there are eighty left, ten times as many as others in the smartest state. One hundred a day is the least. In fact, you will find that this requirement is not high in the back. After a month, you may naturally recite 300 or 500.
This 400 is divided into four groups, 30 am, noon 10, 30 pm and 30 pm. Review the bad words before the next morning. When reciting, you should read ten lines at a glance (pay attention to ten words instead of more or less), and don't recite them seriously, because there is no time to be serious. Read the pronunciation of each word while watching, or read it silently. After reading it, recall it and see what you can't remember. The purpose of this recitation is to leave a general impression, so that you will know the word next time you see it, so that you can remember most of it by reciting, and copy the rest of the words separately.
The second shortcut to memorizing words is: memorizing dictionaries! Why recite the dictionary? Because every word in the dictionary has a comprehensive explanation, and words that start with the same letter are all concentrated together. Not all dictionaries can be used to recite, so be sure to find a dictionary that only contains the words you want to recite. In addition, it is best to have English explanations and examples. Moreover, there must be phonetic symbols! If it's for TOFEL or GRE, pay attention to the phonetic dictionary of beauty pageant. The vocabulary at the back of the general textbook is for good students who listen carefully. Don't carry those things if you want to take a shortcut.
When memorizing dictionaries, recite them in the alphabetical order of (z, y, x, q, j, k, u) (v, w, n, o, l) (fg, it, hm, bde, r) (C, p, s, a), where c, p, s and a are one each. This has several advantages: (1) can increase the sense of accomplishment and interest. As for why, you can understand it by looking it up in the dictionary. (2) It is convenient to know clearly which words have been remembered and which ones have not. (3) Be able to master the most basic words first. Among the 30,000 words, there are three grades: 3,000 to 4,000, 8,000 to 10,000 and 22,000 to 30,000. In other words, you should prepare three dictionaries separately. These grades have very different characteristics and need to be recited in different ways. I didn't realize this at that time, so I took a detour from 1 10,000 to 30,000, wasting some time, otherwise it might have exceeded 50,000.
So there are three branches under the word shortcut. The third shortcut to memorizing words is to know more words. Whether a word can be remembered depends on the frequency of meeting it on different occasions, not the length of time you look at it every time (the same rule also applies to soaking mm; ))。 Generally, you should remember a word and meet it three or four times a week on different occasions. When I mentioned a lot of reciting above, don't pick a word. That's what it means to remember or not. Because it doesn't matter whether it is love at first sight, the key is to have more different types of meeting opportunities. However, according to the level of words to be memorized, there are different ways to increase the chance of meeting.
The first branch: listen blindly! The level of 3000 to 4000 is a very common word, covering almost all the words needed to express the most basic ideas. Eighty percent of every article is made up of these words, and these words are the most basic morphemes (or "roots"), that is, things that can't be divided to the smallest, and there is no similarity between them. The best way to deal with these words is to do a lot of uninterrupted simple primary listening exercises. Because there are 20% other words in the reading materials, the reading materials can't be understood only by this level of words. But listening practice is the most basic dialogue, and pronunciation is generally standard. Listening more can increase the repetition rate of words and lay a phonetic foundation for memorizing words horizontally from 8 thousand to 10 thousand in the future.
Listening should be divided into intensive listening and extensive listening. Of course, intensive listening means understanding every word. I focus on extensive listening (restaurant? ; P. Extensive reading is the most important, because it depends on extensive reading to master the speed, intonation and overall impression. And these are the basis of memorizing 8 thousand to 10 thousand words? Extensive listening can make the frequently used words (that is, the words that need to be mastered most) grind the ears into cocoons, so that you can vaguely hear a sound, reflecting what this sound means. The words you hear in extensive reading are the words you really should remember, so don't be afraid to listen attentively and know nothing. What exactly is extensive listening? Extensive listening means to be distracted when listening, and to do other things while listening (such as grabbing food or discussing loudly with others ~). You must listen to the ubiquitous listening, listen whenever you have the chance, and it is best to put your headphones close to your ears. Intensive listening means finding out the words you didn't hear clearly. Aha, that's a word you have memorized but are not familiar with. Write these words separately in another place, and don't mix them with words that you haven't memorized. Extensive listening means intensive listening to what you have already heard. For example, if you listen to the second tape intensively, then listen to the first tape extensively, just right. Be careful, don't use English radio as your listening teaching material! ! ! By the way, I recommend a set of listening teaching materials: Step by Step by Wuhan Normal University. The content is gradual, and the music at the beginning of each class is also very nice.
The second one: look crazy! The level of 8000 to 10000 basically includes the remaining 20%. These words are hard to find in listening textbooks. However, don't stop practicing listening, because listening can consolidate your intonation, which is a key to memorizing words at this level. However, memorizing this level of words requires more reading than listening. Look, there are also intensive reading and extensive reading. Just like listening, extensive reading is more important. Extensive reading should choose articles that are not too long and can be read patiently, and don't have too many words that you don't understand. Two or three unknowns are enough for an article. Don't read English newspapers, magazines and novels from the beginning. Those things are not only difficult to understand, but also have little effect on memorizing words. : q Extensive reading also requires a lot of practice. As long as you are patient and have enough time, just keep reading! Don't read carefully, just glance at the general meaning, then mark the words you don't understand, don't ponder what the meaning is, and continue scanning! After reading it all, look back at these words. Some of them may have come to mind, while others ... don't? Then look it up in the dictionary. If you haven't memorized it, throw it away. If you have memorized it, copy it down separately and put it with the words you didn't hear in the listening practice.
My experience is that the first two volumes of new concepts, then the first two volumes of textbooks are widely read in universities, then the primary part of another extensive reading course, then the third volume of new concepts, the third volume of extensive reading textbooks, the teachers' books for the advanced listening part of a listening textbook, then the fourth volume of new concepts and the fourth and fifth volumes of extensive reading textbooks ... This order is more appropriate.
The third one: nonsense! This is only suitable for memorizing 22,000 to 30,000 words. Because it goes without saying that other words have been memorized. But in the reading materials, there are few words at this level. You can read ten articles, but none of them are of this level. So now we can't increase the chances of meeting each other by reading. Even some foreigners have never seen these words. How can we expect them to write? Especially GRE words, such as "dressing horses", "hooligans in new york" and "the wind blowing from Africa to southern Europe", are subtle words, that is, if you are full of these words, you can pretend to be a scholar. Most foreigners don't understand what you said, so you can express the same meaning without these words. Here's your chance. You can take these words with you when talking to foreigners, and then pretend to be modest proudly and explain the meaning of these words to them. It is enough to explain one or two sentences to foreigners every time, and foreigners will admire you. ; ) HL will explain to ws! Be bold, be patient, and especially be bold.
At this stage, you should stop practicing listening, because you haven't made much progress after practicing. Remember the first sentence? If you want to succeed, you must take a shortcut. There is no need to waste time on any action that can't make great progress in a short time. However, the reading materials at this time become a problem: you will find that what you read in the past is too shallow and boring, and you can't understand other deep things. You will also find a new interesting phenomenon: the articles you want to read are now all first-grade words. You know exactly what each word means, but you just can't understand the whole article. ; So what should you see? Just look at the superficial articles in the second level. Although simple, it can help you not forget the achievements you have recited in the past. Don't worry about articles you can't understand. When you communicate with foreigners more, you will naturally understand them. They are all articles composed of phrases, slang or grammar.
The fourth shortcut to memorizing words is: Lenovo, Lenovo, Lenovo, ... What is the first action of memorizing words? Take a closer look at its appearance. What about the second and third movements? Look at its connotation and pronunciation. And the fourth action, it should be association, and then association ... is it similar in appearance to other memorized words? Similar pronunciation? Is the meaning similar or opposite? If there is, write it down quickly and add this word next to other words. In this way, when you see other words in the future, you will also think of this word, which is equivalent to another chance to meet. In addition, in the second and third levels of vocabulary, many words are composed of prefixes, roots and suffixes, with prefixes such as re, In and pseud ... and suffixes such as er, A and oid ... and then * *. If you master these prefixes and suffixes, you can easily guess the meaning of a new word. In addition, many words with similar pronunciations have similar meanings, which are common in slang, poetry and children's language. If you recite 80 words every day, you can only recite 2400 words a month, but after mastering these rules, you can actually recite them faster and faster, and almost more than 10 thousand words are redundant. However, in GRE words, many words have nothing to do with other words, and there are no prefixes or suffixes, which seem simple and unforgettable. These words include transliteration of Greek, Italian, German, Latin and even Japanese. This can only be mastered by explaining it to others. (HL must pay attention! )
The fifth shortcut to memorizing words is: review! It is a normal rule that you remember quickly and forget quickly. In the process of memorizing words, review is very important. Let me summarize the law of review: review ten words first, then thirty words, and then all the words that I haven't recited before. When reviewing, you don't have to dig carefully, just scan it roughly, but you must think about its pronunciation (because English is like sound). The last words that can't be memorized must not be commonly used, because foreigners can't memorize them. Every time you recite a word with the first letter, you should review the previous one. Then recite the first letter in brackets in the last article, and then review the one in brackets in the last article. When reviewing, you should first look at the English translation of Chinese meaning, then at Chinese, and then think about its English words. As I said before, words forgotten in extensive reading and words that can't be remembered when memorizing should be recorded separately, just for the purpose of treating them differently when reviewing. If you forget the words, read them once a day. If you know them, cross them out. If you can't remember them, recite the whole letter and recite it alone. You don't need to read them at ordinary times. The review method of GRE words is very strange: crossword puzzles are needed. In other words, cover part of the word and think about how to spell the whole word. In addition, we have to consider its synonyms, synonyms and antonyms. By the way, the words in the GRE test have nothing to do with the words in the TOFEL test, that is, if you don't know TOFEL words, you may get high marks in the GRE test.
Is English difficult to learn? Fishing for three days and drying the net for two days may never be learned; If you can study persistently, it is no problem to learn English well.
Today and tomorrow in China, you should have two tools: English and computer. You must learn these two tools, which are inseparable from your work. Even if you can't learn as a scholar, at least you should be able to apply it. Especially in the future, a large part of your environment and the information you need are in English. So it is imperative to learn English well.
If you haven't started yet, pronounce it first, so that others won't understand your English.
The second is vocabulary. The more words and phrases you live, the shorter your time to learn English. To reach the average level, your vocabulary should be at the level of 3 thousand to 4 thousand.
The third is listening. You should listen to others and broadcast more. Gradually improve your listening level.
The fourth is speaking and writing. You should teach yourself to speak and write while learning English. Learn to write some sentences and some short articles by yourself.
In fact, the above four levels should be overcome at the same time, and they should not be neglected. At the same time, they should learn and improve.
Let's talk about learning perseverance first. If you have strong perseverance, then nothing is difficult in the world. The key to learning English is perseverance.
In the process of learning, you should make a plan to remember a few words a day and one or two sentence patterns a day. Don't underestimate the power of perseverance. For example:
If you recite five words a day, one year is 1825 words, which is equivalent to three years in junior high school and two months in senior high school. If you persist for two years, you can live 3650 words, which is equivalent to the vocabulary of six years in middle school including two years in undergraduate course.
The following principles should be followed when making plans:
1, plan realistically, don't aim too high. The above examples have shown that as long as you persist in studying every day, you will certainly learn English well.
2. Have strong perseverance, study every day, and don't delay your study because of something. If you don't finish the work one day, you must make it up the next day. Don't leave school for more than two days.
3. Have an account book, which words and sentence patterns you learned on which day must be recorded.
In order to really learn words and sentence patterns, you must review the first day the next day, and the second and first days on the third day.
5. You can choose one or two sets of textbooks, not too many. Books that really learn English are neither good nor bad. As long as you can keep learning according to one or two sets, you will certainly learn well.
Well, are you determined to learn English well? Let's start now.
The most common problem in learning English is insufficient vocabulary. People with insufficient vocabulary will be severely restricted in English listening, speaking, reading and writing. Therefore, vocabulary plays an important role in English learning.
It is generally believed that memorizing words is a laborious and usually ineffective chore. In fact, if we can take appropriate measures, we can shorten the time needed to expand our vocabulary and improve the quality of memorizing words. Here are five ways to remember words.
First of all, combined with memory method.
Put unfamiliar and uncommon words into a certain language environment-sentence, and remember the words by combining the meaning of the sentence. When you meet this word, if you forget its meaning, you can remember it by recalling the meaning of the sentence. For example:
slanting
(1) tilt; Slope; Tilt degree
The deck of a ship always has a certain inclination.
The deck of a ship is always a little tilted.
② inclined plane; slanting
We climbed the steep hillside.
We climbed the steep slope.
Tilt.
The railway slopes up slightly here.
The railway slopes slightly here.
critical
Criticism (sex), criticism
I don't like people who are too picky about everything.
I don't like people who are too picky about everything.
2 criticism, criticism; Desperate
It is reported that his condition is very critical.
It is reported that his condition is very critical.
Mastering vocabulary in this way is not only helpful to remember the spelling and spelling of the words themselves, but also familiar with the meaning, part of speech, usage and collocation of words, which is better than memorizing words in isolation.
Second, similar memory method.
Collect similar words and remember them at the same time. Note that similar words are different from synonyms: synonyms refer to words with the same meaning, and similar words refer to words with the same basic attributes but different levels, levels or ranges of specific meanings.
For example, principals and principals are synonyms, both of which mean "primary and secondary school principals"; President and Chanel are synonyms, both of which mean "president" of colleges and universities. These two groups of words are the same kind of words, both of which mean "Lord", but the specific levels are different, so the two groups of words are not synonymous.
For example, bachelor's degree, master's degree and doctor's degree are all indicated. "But the specific level is different, so these three words are also a group of similar words.
In this way, when you remember similar words together, when you meet one of them, a group of words will appear in your mind, which greatly improves efficiency.
Third, comparative memory method.
A method of mastering words by putting synonyms or similar words together, distinguishing them and explaining them. The process of memory is a group, and pairs of words are memorized at the same time. This mnemonic method can not only remember the spelling of words, but also grasp the differences between words and their special usage, so the words that are easily confused at ordinary times are clearly distinguished. For example:
The synonyms admit and admit both mean "admit".
But admit means "confession" and "repentance", but admit is not. Recognition includes both the accident of "recognition" and the meaning of "permission and acceptance".
Get, ask and ask are three words with similar spelling but completely different meanings: get. Ask (Inquire), demand (request, command).
Four, word formation and memory method.
Memorize words by mastering word formation. There are three main word-formation methods in English:
1) transformation, that is, from one part of speech to another. For example:
Picture (depiction)
Water, water, water.
2) Derivation, that is, adding a prefix or suffix to form another word, for example:
Happy-Unhappy (Prefix) Happy (Suffix)
3) Synthesis, that is, synthesizing a word from two or more words. For example:
Wood++cutting-woodcut
Peas (peas)++nuts (nuts)-peanuts (peanuts)
This memory method can memorize a series of words with different parts of speech or the same basic meaning but opposite meanings at the same time, so that the meanings and parts of speech of different words are not easily confused.
Five, the root meaning memory method.
Replacing polysemy with root meaning can solve the problem of "no new words" but always unable to read them. For example, if you want to ask whether immediate(ly) remembers it, the answer is of course yes. Then please look at the following three "no new words" fragments:
A) The woman who follows the car closely.
She is my immediate neighbor.
C) direct cause
If you don't understand, please look at the root meaning of immediate(ly).
There is no space (ground) in the middle.
1) (time) Right away;
2) Next to (space), connect and follow closely.
3) (direct relationship)
In this way, the root meaning plays an important role in reading comprehension. The meaning of the above three fragments is easy to understand.
How to recite words efficiently (Wu's cobweb morphology)
As we all know, without a certain vocabulary, successfully passing the IELTS test is an empty talk, just like building a castle in the air. But a large number of new words make many candidates flinch. Although there are many books on IELTS vocabulary in the market, candidates generally report that the effect is not good-it is time-consuming and laborious. Most IELTS vocabulary books on the market are sorted alphabetically. It really takes courage to recite from A to Z. Unfortunately, even if you recite a thick book, you still can't use it well in the exam, but you just feel deja vu.
Here's how to use the book IELTS Vocabulary Companion published by Machinery Industry Press to memorize words efficiently.
The IELTS Vocabulary Companion is divided into four booklets (pocket edition), which classify the high-frequency vocabulary of IELTS test according to writing, reading, listening and speaking. Writing divides the hot topics of IELTS composition 100 into ten categories, and each topic provides 80- 100 high-frequency vocabulary; In addition, 800 high-frequency words in Wu's ten principles of writing are selected. "Reading" also divides the subject matter of articles frequently tested in reading into five categories, and the vocabulary contained therein belongs to cognitive vocabulary, as long as it looks familiar. Listening is classified according to listening fund scenes, so that candidates can be familiar with listening scenes while memorizing words. "Spoken language" is classified according to the subject matter of spoken language. Different from the other three books, spoken words are written in Chinese and English, which is in line with the habit of most China candidates to think in Chinese before choosing English words to express themselves.
One: Choose and recite your own writing vocabulary and string them together organically.
The first difficulty to overcome is the vocabulary of the ten principles, and then select some representative topics to recite. 20 days before the exam, choose key topics to recite according to the prediction and the direction of recent questions. Some candidates said that their hearts were cold when they saw the topic of 100. In fact, there is no need to be afraid. In fact, many topic classification words have appeared in the top ten principle words. I wrote them to make these high-frequency words reappear and deepen my memory.
Don't recite mechanically, you should string together those interrelated words. For example:
Virus-bacteria-infection-infectious diseases-chronic diseases-incurable diseases-carcinogens-bad eating habits.
Go astray-ignorance-curiosity-simplicity-blind obedience-misleading-obscenity-badness-self-control-self-discipline-resisting temptation-pornography-distinguishing right from wrong.
Cultural heritage-cultural relics-heirlooms-ethnic minorities-aborigines-cultural assimilation-cultural infiltration-cultural integration, etc.
Urban Dialect-Industrialization-Deforestation-Land Reclamation-Destruction of Vegetation-Habitat-Endangered-Extinction-Destruction of Ecological Balance-Biodiversity-Interdependence
Second, reading vocabulary belongs to cognitive vocabulary and does not need to be recited.
You just need to be familiar with the common vocabulary of the subject and know it. The reading vocabulary is all selected from the reading articles that are frequently tested. You should read it several times, so that you won't be unfamiliar with the key words of the topic.
For example, the reading question No.3 1 is the history of coins, and my reading vocabulary contains related words of this topic (I selected high-frequency words from nearly ten articles on the history of coins). Not long ago, I also read an article on the history of maps, and the vocabulary book also included high-frequency words in this field.
Third, the vocabulary of strength is also arranged according to the listening machine and the scene. You can get familiar with IELTS listening high-frequency vocabulary by reading vocabulary.
Four: Reciting spoken English is similar to writing. String it back !