three festivals
Cicada is in the south of the city.
Cicada droops like a tassel on a hat, its tentacles suck the clear dew, and its voice spreads from the branches of the straight Shulang tree.
Cicada is far away from cicada because cicada is on a tall tree, not relying on autumn wind.
A political prisoner listens to cicadas.
Cicadas sing in the west, and guests think of the south.
I can't stand the shadow on my temple to break the heart of a white-haired prisoner.
His flight passed through the thick fog, and his pure voice was drowned in the world of wind.
Who knows if he is still singing? Who will listen to me? .
Li Shangyin in Cicada
The pure heart is hungry because of this, and you sing in vain all night.
Oh, this last broken breath, in the green indifferent trees! .
Yes, I am like a driftwood. I have made my garden full of weeds.
I thank you for your sincere advice and live a pure life like you.
Yu Shinan's Cicada, Luo's Chanting Cicada and Li Shangyin's Chanting Cicada are all masterpieces of the Tang Dynasty. Yu Shinan's "Far away, not the autumn wind" is a Tsinghua people language; Wang Luobin's "His flight is heavily through the fog, and his pure voice is drowned in the world of wind" is a person in need of help; Li Shangyin's "pure heart and lack of desire, singing all night" is a grouch. Now consider one by one:
A Brief Analysis of Yu Shinan's Cicada
Brief introduction of poet
Yu Shinan (558-638) was born in Yuyao. Quiet and dull, concentrate on reading, and wash the comb when you are tired. The article is graceful and well known, and it is called servant shooting Xu Ling. In the sui dynasty, the official secretary lang did not move for ten years. After entering the Tang Dynasty, he joined the army as the archives of the Qin government and moved to Taizi Middle School. Emperor Taizong Jianyou, bachelor of Hong Wen Pavilion, secretary supervisor. Wen Yi's death. Emperor Taizong called it the five wonders of virtue, loyalty, erudition, literature and books. Set 30 volumes.
Poetry appreciation
Cicada droops like a tassel on a hat, its tentacles suck the clear dew, and its voice spreads from the branches of the straight Shulang tree.
Cicada is far away from cicada because cicada is on a tall tree, not relying on autumn wind.
This little poem with symbolic meaning is the earliest poem of chanting cicadas in Tang Dynasty, which is highly praised by later generations.
Yu Shinan's portrait
The first sentence, "hang down and drink clear dew", is the drooping part of the hat belt tied under the collar by the ancients. Cicada's head has prominent tentacles, which look like a drooping crown tassel, so it is called "drooping". The ancients believed that cicadas were noble and lofty, and they drank dew when eating, so they were called "drinking clear dew". This sentence describes the handsome features of Tsinghua cicada.
The second sentence, "cicadas sing far and wide." Platanus acerifolia is a tall tree with the word "sparse" and upright branches, which echoes the "autumn wind" in the last sentence. "The Sound of Walking" is full of cicadas, which is pleasing to the ear. Use the word "Chu" to write the invisible sound as visible. Although this sentence only describes the distant spread of cicada singing, readers can already see the high level and charm of cicada singing.
"Keep your voice high, don't be blown by the autumn wind" is the crowning touch of the whole article, and it is a discussion triggered on the basis of the first two sentences. Cicadas spread in all directions. Most people often think that it is caused by autumn wind, but poets have different understandings, emphasizing that this is due to "high". This unique feeling contains a truth: people who stand tall and do well can spread their reputation far and wide without the help of powerful people. As the saying goes, "Gold always shines." The "self" and "non" in the two sentences echo each other, showing a graceful demeanor and charm, which is quite atmospheric. These two sentences seem to write cicadas, but in fact they have the meaning of their own situation, expressing the poet's full affirmation and high confidence in his inner character. When it comes to Yu Shinan's "Five Musts" praised by Emperor Taizong for many times, Yu Shinan's confidence here should not be excessive.
An Analysis of Luo Yonghuai's Poems about Love.
Brief introduction of poet
Luo (about 627-684) was born in Wuzhou (now Yiwu), Zhejiang Province. At the same time, Yang Jiong and Lu were called "four outstanding men in the early Tang Dynasty", and their father, the magistrate of Bochang County, Qingzhou, died in the line of duty. He can write poetry at the age of seven and is known as a "child prodigy". It is said that the poem of chanting geese was written at this time: "Wild goose, wild goose, wild goose, Xiang Tiange's crooked neck, white hair floating green water, red palm clearing waves." After his father died, he lived in Boshan, then moved to Xianqiu County, Yanzhou, and spent his early years in poverty.
Yonghui (650 ~ 655) is a man of Tao Wang Li, who told him to display his talents. He was ashamed to show off and resigned. After worshipping Li Lang, he was a meticulous Dongtai bachelor. Being demoted, he joined the army of the western regions and defended the border for a long time. After entering Shu, he lived under the door of Li Yijun, the general manager of Yaozhou Road, and put down the barbarian rebellion. I paid tribute to Lu when I was in Shu. In the third year of Yifeng (678), he was transferred to the martial arts master book and Chang 'an master book, and then Chang 'an master book entered the court as a counselor. When Wu Zetian was in power, Luo wrote many articles satirizing, offending and being jailed. Aro political prisoners listen to cicadas, and there is a cloud: "Who shows the heart?" Express grief and indignation. The next year, I was released because I was forgiven. In the second year of Diao Lu (680), he became a county magistrate in Linhai, who was known as Luo Linhai. Abandoning the official and traveling to Guangling, he wrote a poem: "The sword thinks of Chu, and the golden vertebra promises to report to Korea." In the year of Hei Shengyuan (684), Wu Zetian abandoned Zhongzong to stand on her own feet. In September this year, (Li) opposed it in Yangzhou. As a member of the Xu family, he was appointed as a literary and art official in charge of confidential documents. He drafted the famous "Begging for the Wu Family" (that is, "Li Shichuan"): "The class moves the crowd, the north wind rises, the shock wave rushes south and draws a level, the mountains collapse silently, and the wind and cloud become angry and arrogant. You use this to defeat the enemy, why can't the enemy be destroyed, why can't you use this to make contributions? ..... Please see who owns the world today! " Passionate, swallowing mountains and rivers. When Wu Zetian read, "How can a six-foot orphan be entrusted with a handful of dirt?" The emperor asked, "Who will do it?" Or with the guest king, Wu Zetian sighed, "Did the Prime Minister get this person or lose this person?" In June 65438, Xu Jingye was defeated and killed, and the whereabouts of King Robin were unknown. Zi Jian said that he and Li were killed at the same time, and he threw himself into the river. The Book of the New Tang Dynasty says that he "put all his eggs in one basket and doesn't know what to do", while Meng Gui's Poem of Skill says: "If he loses his job, he will flee with the guest and the king, but he can't catch it. Worried that something would happen to the general who lost the grand prize. Tens of thousands of people died at that time. For those who want to kill two people, please submit this letter first. Although I knew I wouldn't die, I didn't dare to catch it. So he is a dedicated monk in Hengshan, and he is still a pawn in his nineties. The guest king also lost his hair and traveled all over the famous mountains. To Lingyin, he died at the age of one. "
Among the four outstanding poets, he wrote the most poems. He is especially good at seven-character poems, and his masterpiece "Landscape" is a rare novel in the early Tang Dynasty, which was considered as a swan song at that time. Luo also guarded the border town for a long time and wrote many frontier poems, "The phoenix is fascinated by the new moon in the evening, and the new melon shines in the autumn." The stove fire goes through the army wall, and the smoke is upstairs. "Have lofty aspirations, kind knowledge and experience. After Tang Zhongzong was reset, he asked Tam for a letter and got hundreds of articles. There are many collections of Luo's poems collected by later generations, among which Chen Xijin's Notes on Luo Linhai's Collected Works is the most complete.
Poetry appreciation
Cicadas sing in the west, and guests think of the south.
I can't stand the shadow on my temple to break the heart of a white-haired prisoner.
His flight passed through the thick fog, and his pure voice was drowned in the world of wind.
Who knows if he is still singing? Who will listen to me? ?
This poem was written in the third year of high school. At that time, King Robin was appointed as an assistant inspector. He angered Wuhou because of his negligence, was falsely accused and went to prison for accepting bribes. The first couplet uses duality in syntax, enables metaphor in writing, and evokes guests' thoughts with cicadas. The poem points out the time at the beginning: in autumn, cicadas sing in the increasingly bleak autumn; That place is in prison. As a "Southern Crown" (prisoner) poet, his body and mind are not free. Down and out and lonely, at this time, the poet's yearning for his hometown deepened.
Zhuan Xu wrote a sentence about cicada and a sentence about himself, linking things with me with "unbearable" and "right". My great youth, after all kinds of political torture, has disappeared, and stars and white hair have been added to my head. Seeing this Qiu Chan singing in prison, he is still in his temple, and he can't help hurting himself. At the same time, he thinks of his boyhood, so he is not as good as Qiu Chan. Now he has accomplished nothing and is still in prison. At the same time, "Bai tou yin" is also the name of Yuefu. According to legend, after Sima Xiangru had no special affection for Zhuo Wenjun in the Western Han Dynasty, Zhuo Wenjun made the "Whitehead Drink" from the disabled. Here, the poet skillfully uses this allusion to further metaphor that the authorities have failed the poet's loyal love for the country.
Necklace is purely a metaphor, and both sentences are cicadas and themselves. "Exposure" and "windy" are metaphors of bad political environment, "successful in my official career" is a metaphor of depression, and "sounding easy to sink" is a metaphor of suppressed speech and lack of freedom. Cicada is like this, and so is she. Writing poems about things in this state is really a mixture of things and me. It is similar to Du Fu's "Spring Watch" in which "petals flow like tears, and lonely birds lament".
Tailian continues to use Bixing. Qiu Chan is on high, eating the wind and drinking the dew. Who believes it doesn't eat fireworks? His noble character, unknown to the world, was framed and imprisoned, just as Qu in Li Sao said, "The world is turbid without distinction, so it is beautiful and jealous." Who will take revenge at this time? Now I'm in trouble. Only cicadas can sing for me, and only I can sing for cicadas.
A Brief Analysis of Li Shangyin's Cicada
Brief introduction of poet
Li Shangyin (8 12-858), a native of western Henan, was born in Hanoi, Huaizhou (now Qinyang County, Henan Province). In the second year (837), he was awarded the position of secretary, provincial school bookkeeper, and added the captain of Hongnong. When he was young, he was appreciated by Linghu Chu because of his literary talent, but Li Shangyin married Wang Maoyuan's daughter and Jingyuan's daughter. At that time, the struggle between Niu and Li was in a white-hot stage, Linghu Chu was one side, and Yuan and Li were closely related. After Xuanzong ascended the throne, the Niu Party came to power, and Ling Huchu's son became prime minister, cracking down on all people related to the Li Party. Since then, Li Shangyin has been suppressed to lift his head. I went to Chang 'an several times and only got a doctor who was too formal. Finally died in Xingyang at the age of 47.
Li Shangyin was a poet with unique achievements in the Tang Dynasty, which had a great influence on later generations, and everyone's comments were also varied. Some of his poems directly express his attitude towards current affairs and politics; Some satirize the present and praise historical themes; Some express the feelings of life and death of friends and friends; Some are sentimental works, but people are most familiar with his love poems. Almost all of these extremely complicated contents are closely related to his life experience.
Li Shangyin was a star in the poetry of the late Tang Dynasty. In his poems, his sentimentality, rich images and complicated thoughts are often expressed by symbolic means. This symbolism is based on rich and wonderful imagination, so the images in his works are sometimes as colorful as Qibao Liu Su. Sometimes it is as lively and empty as walking on the moon, giving people a strong sense of beauty. His modern poems, especially the Seven Rhymes, are unique in style, beautiful in words, and ethereal in artistic conception, which has made great contributions to the development of poetic art forms. He is the author of Yuxi Shi Sheng.
Main work
Cicada, Chrysanthemum and Leyou Tomb
The wind and rain are shaky, and the fallen flowers are cool.
North Qing Luo Jinse and Untitled One
Sui Palace (I), Untitled Part IV and Untitled Part III
Prepare a post, untitled Part II, Spring Rain.
Two songs, a short message to a friend in the north on a rainy night and a message to Secretary Ling Huchong.
Sui Palace (II), Yaochi and Chang 'e
Jia sheng
Poetry appreciation
The pure heart is hungry because of this, and you sing in vain all night.
Oh, this last broken breath, in the green indifferent trees! .
Yes, I am like a driftwood. I have made my garden full of weeds.
I thank you for your sincere advice and live a pure life like you.
Portrait of Li Shangyin
In this poem of chanting cicadas, the poet grasps the characteristics of cicadas and combines his own feelings to "write articles for love". The cicada in the poem is the poet's own shadow.
The first couplet was inspired by the sound of cicadas. "Hungry because of the pure heart" cicadas are aloof from trees, absorbing wind and drinking dew, so they can't stop. I am poor because I am lofty. "You sang all night in vain", and the cicada's cry came from "not enough to eat", full of sadness and hatred. This kind of singing can't get it out of trouble, so it's in vain. Because I was poor, I expressed my feelings to powerful people, hoping to get their help, but such feelings were also in vain. Cicada is heartless, and there is no such thing as "dissatisfaction" and "dislike". In fact, it is the poet himself who is "dissatisfied" and "disgusted". It's just that the poet expresses this feeling on cicada, which shows the implicit beauty of China's poems.
Zhuan Xu took unsuccessful feelings one step further and reached the climax of lyricism. The cicada's chirping has been sparse, almost broken by Wu Geng, but the leaves of a tree are green, and they are not sad for the cicada's "sparse", which seems so heartless. Another feature of chanting poems here is irrationality and wonder. The cicada's "want to break" has nothing to do with the green of the tree, but the poet blames the indifference of the tree. In fact, he blamed the powerful for refusing to help, which made his embarrassing experience unchangeable. So it seems logical.
Throw away cicadas and turn to yourself to make your feelings clearer. "Yes, I am like a driftwood." A poet who works as an aide in various places, a small official, runs around like a log drifting around in the flood. This unstable life makes him homesick. At the same time, "the countryside will be destroyed", and the cause of homesickness has added another layer. These two sentences seem to have nothing to do with the cicada singing above. In fact, it is because of his humble position as an official that the poet is "hard to find his place" and "hard to make his voice heard", and the talented person is "ruthless", which makes the poet move towards seclusion.
The tail couplet belongs to chanting cicadas, anthropomorphizing cicadas, echoing the beginning and taking care of them from beginning to end. The cicada song reminds me that a small official in this similar situation might as well go back to his hometown to farm.
Both of them are devoted to chanting cicadas, but because of their different identities, circumstances and temperament, they present such different faces and constitute such artistic images with distinctive characteristics. The above three poems can be called three unique poems of chanting cicadas in the literary world of Tang Dynasty.
Yu Shinan's Translation of Cicada
Cicada hangs down its tentacles like a hat band and sucks the sweet dew. The sound comes from the sparse branches of phoenix tree. The reason why cicadas spread far away is because cicadas live in tall trees, not by autumn wind.
Luo translated "Nian Chan"
In late autumn, cicadas are singing outside the Western Wall, which brings the sadness of my prisoner, towards the distant. How can I stand the good times in Hyun Bin's heyday and recite such a sad poem by myself? The wings are thin and want to fly, and the human cold can't be kept. The wind is loud and easy to sink, but it is difficult to protect its fragrance. No one knows that I am as pure and noble as Qiu Chan. Who can tell me the purity of my heart ice crystals?
Li Shangyin's Translation of Cicada
You are perched on a high branch of a tree, and it is difficult to fill your stomach when the wind blows. Why are you making a plaintive noise? All this is actually in vain. Because I sang all night, I was exhausted by the fifth watch, but the green trees were still expressionless. I am a humble official, wandering around like a peach puppet, while the countryside in my hometown is deserted. Please wake me up with a chirp. My family is also poor and miserable.