Su Shi's ancient poem about Hangzhou 1 "It rains after the lake is clear".
Su Shi
The water is bright and clear,
It's rainy in the mountains.
In order to compare the West Lake with the West Lake,
Heavy makeup and light makeup are always appropriate.
Wanghu Building is one of the drunkards.
Su Shi
Dark clouds can't hide the mountains.
Bai Yu jumped into the boat.
The wind comes and blows away,
Overlooking the lake, the water is like the sky.
Pan-West Lake at night
Su Shi
Water is infinite,
Lotus flowers are very fragrant at night.
Gradually, the lights came out of the temple in the distance.
Look at the lake in the dark of the moon.
Open west lake
Su Shi
Great men don't expect much, but they will enjoy themselves.
Let the turtles and fish return to green and clean, and be willing to let Xiao Wei stop the slope ahead.
Once a good thing can be inherited, a 100-foot cliff can still be ground.
The stars in the sky are also happy, and the golden waves are bathed in the moonlight.
The second song Zhao's new prejudice against the West Lake is a quatrain.
Drinking immortals in spring water in a pot,
Riding a crane in the east is lonely.
And Zhao Chen and LiGuo,
It is better to cross the lake by boat.
The first song of Lingyin was given to Tang Dynasty (a query on Wen's moving Lingyin Temple to be the first song of Lingyin)
Before Lingyin, after Tianzhu, two streams spring to carve.
I don't know where the water came from and jumped into the valley like thunder.
Ruthless and unpredictable, I would like to linger under the cold spring pavilion.
I have been in Qiantang for 600 days, and it is not warm in the mountains for the time being.
Now you have to be a spiritual hermit, and clothes and grass follow the monks and vegetables.
Can manage a cold spring for a hundred days, without twenty-four books.
Zhu Ting and Ouyang Shubi drink, and Ji Mo presents Zhao Jingzuo and Chen.
(The title is "Drinking West Lake with Ouyang Shubi Brothers" for Zhao Jingzuo and Chen)
I am in a hurry at the end of the year and have nothing to do.
Drunk drinking the West Lake is late, and the pace turns to Zhu Beichang.
Sitting on the ground is slightly less long, which means there is no ridge.
I have long known that wheat is green, and I like elm willow yellow a little.
Ang, ang, spring is budding, and it is love to be young at night.
Gulls and herons in the water are quiet, and the moon is foggy with rosin.
The scene caresses and sends tenderness, and people are heavy and desolate.
No veterans, sitting thinking about two Ouyang.
I mean to be an elk, and you are also a talented person.
This meeting is difficult for a long time, and this joy cannot be forgotten.
Send Xiangyang to engage Li Youliang back to Qiantang.
I have lived in Hangzhou for five years. I am from Hangzhou.
Therefore, the mountain has no fixed place and wants to be adjacent to the West Lake.
Fertile land is not difficult to buy. Who are you related to?
The bearded Zhang is detached, and the old man is peerless.
Li Zibing is beautiful in appearance and pure in writing.
It's enough to go back to the threesome.
The public dike will not be converted into a new dike, and the old embankment will be opened.
The dream goes with the child, and the pine flowers fall off the towel.
Re-rhyme Zhao Kai West Lake.
Don't be poor, hungry people escape from the mud.
I want to make a hundred blasphemies last forever, and I won't make the stone worry.
Although the West Lake is small and west, it is clear and rich.
Thousands of people spare no effort to open three doors, and the horns are connected to the Huaihe River.
Ten years of withered dust hole, blue ring washed away, crying empty.
Wang Sun has his own immortal bones and lived in Mingguang Palace all his life.
Frontline officials are ignorant, just like the beginning of the cloud.
Water shines on ice and snow, not autumn wind.
The beard is fixed, but it leads to two orioles, and the new dragon opens the mind.
Chengjun Lake belongs to Dish, and the snuff has been covered with hairpin worms.
(Give Ying people a hard time, beg ten thousand people to leave the Yellow River, build ditches in China, and inform them by letter. Because spare no effort to manage this lake. )
Song Shenzong JaeHee Ning years (1068- 1077) reused Wang Anshi's political reform. After the failure of the political reform, he was engaged in restructuring in Yuanfeng years (1078- 1085). At the turning point from political reform to system reform, Su Shi's Wutai poetry case happened. The case was first reported by Li Ding, the censor, and then tried in Yushitai prison. There has been a "Wutai" posthumous title in Yushitai since the Han Dynasty, so this case is called "Wutai Poetry Case".
During the period of Northern Song Shenzong, Su Shi expressed his dissatisfaction with the New Deal because he opposed the new law. Because he was the leader of the literary world at that time, allowing Su Shi's poems to spread in the society was very unfavorable to the implementation of the New Deal. So, with Zongshen's acquiescence, Su Shi was arrested in Wutai for four months, and he was forced to explain the source of his poems and the allusions in his words every day.
Due to the practice of not killing scholar-officials in Song Dynasty, Su Shi survived his death, but was demoted to be the deputy envoy of Huangzhou Yingyong.
In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Su Shi moved to Huzhou (Xing Wu County, Zhejiang Province). In July, Huangfu Zun and others sent by Yushitai were arrested and imprisoned. They accused Su Shi of distorting the facts and slandering the imperial court in his poems.
, He, Shu Qi and others quoted Su Shi's poem "Hangzhou Chronicle" as evidence, saying that he "played with the imperial court and mocked state affairs", and even dug out a sentence or two from his other poems and convicted him out of context, such as: "Reading thousands of books without reading the law made you know nothing about Yao and Shun". It turned out that Su Shi said that he knew nothing about the law. For another example, "if the East China Sea has a clear idea, it should be taught to turn brine into mulberry fields", saying that he is accusing the water conservancy construction of being wrong. In fact, Su Shi himself built water conservancy projects in Hangzhou. How could he think that was wrong? Another example is "Shao said that he forgot to understand the taste, and there was no salt in recent March", saying that he was satirizing the prohibition of people from selling salt. To sum up, it is concluded that he dared to ridicule the emperor and the prime minister, which was a heinous crime and should be put to death.
Su Shi was tortured in Yushitai, and he admitted that he was born to die. In the end, I will survive my death. On February 28th of that year/KLOC-0, Meng's gift was sentenced to exile in Huangzhou (Huanggang County, Hubei Province). Su Shi was detained for nearly a hundred days and then released from Yushitai prison. Later generations compiled the statement and confession of this case into a Wutai Poetry Case. Wutai is a jade platform. "Zhu Hanbo Chuan Shi": "At that time, well water in more than 100 areas of Wu's official residence dried up; In addition, there are cypress trees in his home, and thousands of wild owls often inhabit them. In the morning, they go to dusk, which they call morning and evening. " Later generations took Master Yu as Five Blessingg and Yu Shitai as Wutai. Because the initiators of this case are all officials of Yushitai, including Cheng of Yushitai and He (a trainee historian of Yushitai), it is called "Wutai Poetry Case".
In addition to the above-mentioned "trumped-up charges", it is said that Su Shi also offended the then prime minister Wang Anshi. It was recorded in people's notes at that time.
It is said that when Su Shi was a minister of rites in the imperial court, he went to Wang Anshi's study Wu Zhai one day to find Wang Anshi. When Wang was away, Su Shi saw a poem written in two sentences on Wu Zhai's desk-"The moon crows several times, and the yellow dog lies in his heart."
Su Dongpo looked and looked, wondering. How do you call the bright moon in the branches? How can a yellow dog lie on a flower heart? Thought it was wrong. So I changed my pen and changed the poem to "The bright moon shines in the sky and the yellow dog lies in the shade".
After Wang Anshi came back, he was extremely dissatisfied with Su Shi's revision of his poems and demoted him to Hepu. After Su Dongpo arrived in Hepu, one day, he went out for a walk and saw a group of children around a pile of flowers, shouting, "Yellow dog Rollo, black dog Rollo, come out quickly!" Rollo, rollo rollo. "Out of curiosity, Su Dongpo went over and asked the child what to shout. The child said, let's tell the bug to come out quickly so as to catch it. Su Dongpo looked closely at the flower and saw several yellow and black insects as big as sesame crawling in the stamen. Ask the child again what kind of bug is this? The child said: yellow dog bug, black dog bug. Su Dongpo left the flowers and came to a banyan tree. He met a crisp birdsong and asked others, what is this birdsong? Others replied: this is called the bright moon bird. At this time, Su Dongpo suddenly realized that he had wrongly corrected Wang Anshi's poems.
The authenticity of this record can no longer be verified. From a historical point of view, it seems that Wang Anshi's punishing Su Shi and correcting two poems by mistake is not the real reason why Wang Anshi hates Su Shi. The essential reason is that Su Shi opposed Wang Anshi's political reform. So Su Shi will have a bad career.
1 July, 079, Su Shi took office in Huzhou, was convicted and imprisoned for Wutai Poetry, and was exiled to Huangzhou in the following year1month. Before the poem case happened, Su Shi had served as a judge in Hangzhou in 107 1 and had outstanding achievements. Generally speaking, his poetry works are free and easy in the desert, but in content, they mostly point to official life to express political pride. After the poetry case, although there were times when I was a bachelor of official Hanlin, there were few bold and unrestrained embarrassment in my works, but more and more people turned to the understanding of nature and life. As for living in Danzhou, Huizhou in his later years, his indifferent and broad-minded state of mind is even more obvious. As soon as he inherited the style of Huangzhou's works, he converged all his life, and I moved things freely to achieve a suddenly quiet environment.
Taking Wutai Poetry Case as the boundary, Su Shi's poetry works have both inheritance and obvious differences in creation. Behind the "going home" complex throughout, we can see that the poet's brush strokes gradually turned to the helplessness of middle age and the broadmindedness of old age-getting older, maturing and becoming dull.
First of all, in terms of subject matter, Su Shi's early works mainly reflect his "specific political worries", while his later works mainly focus on "broad life worries", taking evil as resentment and "spitting out evil as a Taiwanese fly". His flowing works triggered the Wutai poetry case. Huangzhou's relegated life made him "ironic and cruel, sharp in writing style, nervous and angry, all of which disappeared and replaced by a brilliant, warm, kind, tolerant and harmonious understanding." Very sweet, very mature, very thorough and deep. "
Secondly, culturally, Confucianism was advocated in the early stage and Taoism in the later stage.
In the early stage, he had a sense of social responsibility advocated by Confucianism and was deeply concerned about the sufferings of the people; Later, especially after being demoted twice, he advocated Taoist culture more and returned to Buddhism in an attempt to get rid of religion. Inspired by Buddhism's "normal mind is the Tao", he lived a real peasant life in Huangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou, and enjoyed it.
Thirdly, in style, the previous works are magnificent and unrestrained, like a flood bursting its banks and spilling thousands of miles; Later works are ethereal and meaningful, simple and light as deep willows, and the flowers in Pak Lei are far away.
As far as ci is concerned, there are not many works that really belong to the bold style. According to Mr. Zhu Jinghua's statistics, similar works accounted for about one-tenth of all Su Shi's poems, and most of them were concentrated in Xuzhou, Mizhou, which was the mainstream of creation at that time. Although these works are not dominant in quantity, they truly reflect Su Shi's positive attitude towards being an official at that time. Some of the later works have both the style of local customs and the charm of hospitality. For example, it is almost all-encompassing, colorful and lyrical, remembering the scenery, nostalgic feelings, giving gifts away, pastoral scenery and talking about Zen. This part accounts for about 80% of Su Shi's whole ci, among which Zhuangzi and Butterfly Love forget me very much. At this point, he expelled all dissatisfaction with reality and politics, hysterical rants, and criticisms that criticized the shortcomings of the times. Its subject matter is more and more extensive, and its style is more and more plain and far-reaching.
Extended content:
On the lake in Chu Qing after the rain.
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In the bright sunshine, the water in the West Lake is sparkling and beautiful. On rainy days, under the cover of rain curtain, the mountains around the West Lake are foggy, and if there is anything, it is wonderful.
If the West Lake is compared to beauty, it is very appropriate to wear light makeup and heavy makeup.
To annotate ...
Lake: West Lake in Hangzhou.
Li à n: The way water waves and lights flash.
Fang Hao: It looks beautiful.
Empty Mongolia: Confused and ethereal.
Xi Zi: She was a famous beauty of Yue State in the Spring and Autumn Period, formerly known as Shi Yiguang, also known as the first of the four ancient beauties. I live in the west of Huanshaxi Village (now Zhuji City, Zhejiang Province), so people call me Shi.
Fit: It looks beautiful, too.
Wanghu Building is one of the drunkards.
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Rolling dark clouds, like spilled ink, have not completely covered the mountains, and shiny raindrops are jumping on the boat like pearls.
Suddenly, the strong wind swept away the dark clouds all over the sky. After the storm, the West Lake downstairs was sparkling.
To annotate ...
Wanghulou: The name of an ancient building, also known as Kanjinglou. It was built by Qian Hongchu, King of wuyue in the Five Dynasties.
Drunk book: a work written when drunk.
Turning ink: turning black ink, which describes that dark clouds are gathering. Cover: cover, cover.
White rain: refers to the special landscape of summer showers, which is white and transparent against the backdrop of lakes and mountains because of the large and fierce raindrops.
Jumping beads: Jumping beads (pearls) are used to describe raindrops, indicating that raindrops are large and disorderly.
Wind blowing: refers to the strong wind blowing from the ground.
Suddenly: suddenly.
Pan-West Lake at night
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The grass is boundless, the lake is boundless, the lotus blooms at night, and the fragrance is fragrant. It is even more intoxicating to go boating among such lotus flowers on a moonlit night. The brighter the light in the storm, the weaker the moonlight. When lightning strikes, it competes with lightning to flash.