Tagore’s creation
1. Main works
In his nearly 70 years of creative activities, Rabindranath Tagore wrote more than 50 collections of poems. He has written 12 novels, more than 100 short stories, more than 20 plays, a large number of works on literature, philosophy, and politics. He has also created more than 1,500 paintings and more than 2,000 songs, one of which is the Indian national anthem.
After the age of 13, Tagore published long poems such as "Wild Flowers" and "The Poet's Story". From 1881 to 1885, he published the collections of lyric poems "Evening Songs", "Morning Songs", and "Paintings and Songs" , as well as plays and novels. Dramas and novels are mostly based on epics and Puranas, and poetry is full of romanticism. In 1886, the collection of poems "Hardness and Softness" was published, marking his entry into a period of facing life and real life in his creative path. The collection of poems "The Longing in the Heart" was his first mature work, and his unique style began to take shape. The plays "King and Queen" and "Sacrifice" were also written during this period, opposing the restoration of the privileges and backward customs of Brahmin priests. The 1890s was a prosperous period for Tagore's creation. Since 1891, he has published more than 60 short stories such as "Mahamaya" in the "Satana" magazine he edited, mainly to oppose feudal oppression and expose unreasonable phenomena in real life. He published 5 collections of lyric poems: "Golden Sail", "Colorful Collection", "Harvest Collection", "Dream Collection" and "Moment Collection", a collection of short philosophical poems "Micro Thoughts" and a "Collection of Story Poems". The narrative poem "Two Acres of Land" included in "Colorful Collection" is the highest expression of the author's democratic thoughts. From the "Shadow Samhita" onwards, he began to write poems in Bengali spoken language. Most of the poems in his second collection of English-translated poems, The Gardener, are selected from works of this period.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Tagore encountered misfortune in his personal life. His grief and sadness of being widowed, losing his daughter, and losing his father were truly recorded in his poetry collections "Memories", "Children" and "The Ferry". He also has two novels "Little Sand" and "Shipwreck". In 1910, the novel "Gola" was published. It reflected the complex phenomena in Indian social life and created the image of warriors fighting for national freedom and liberation; it eulogized the patriotism and enthusiasm of new Hindus and their confidence in the freedom of their motherland. At the same time, He also criticized their ideas of safeguarding the old traditions, and also lashed out at some people in the Brahma Society for their dogmatism and admiration for foreign countries. During this period, he also wrote the symbolic dramas "The King" and "The Post Office" and the satirical drama "The Stubborn Fortress". In 1910, the Bengali poetry collection "Gitanjali" was published. Later, when Tagore lived in London, he translated some poems in "Gitanjali", "The Ferry" and "The Collection of Dedication" into English. In 1913, "Gitanjali" "The English translation was published, and Tagore became the first Asian writer to win the Nobel Prize for Literature. He entered another creative climax and published the poems "Wreath of Songs", "Ode", "White Crane", "Escape", and the novels "Four People" and "Family and the World". In the 1920s, Tagore continued to write and published the plays "Mokdotara" and "Red Oleander", the novel "The Dispute", "The Last Psalm" and some poems. In the 1930s, he successively published the novels "Two Sisters", "Flower Garden" and "Four Chapters"; the dramas "The Wheel of Time" and "Kingdom of Cards"; the poetry collections "Once Again", "The Edge Collection" and the political lyric poem "Li Buddha". "wait. In April 1941, he wrote his last words, the famous "Crisis of Civilization", indicting British colonial rule and expressing his firm belief in national independence.