Raising birds is the best way to raise birds, but insects can know the sky.
Everything is one with me, and reflective joy is great.
Who is happy if you don't know fish? Who falsely accused deer of dreaming?
If you give, you are everything, and it is foolish to hold on to me.
Song people "regard writing as poetry, discussion as poetry, and learning as poetry". Poets are many literati, and their poems are interesting, expressing their feelings and seeking enlightenment. "Physics", the common sense of things. Du Fu's Qujiang Poems: "If you push physics in detail, you must eat, drink and be merry. Why don't you walk in a false name?" Poets pitch heaven and earth, read books, think about life, and seek philosophical enlightenment and spiritual comfort from one scene, one thing and one chapter. Others involuntarily fall into idealism, the old idea of Buddha, and become an escape.
Lin's Six Words in Physics consists of six songs, so this is the second one.
The first song was adapted from Zhuangzi and Mencius.
The article "Zhuangzi Zhile" tells the story of a seabird flying to the suburb of Lu. After Lu captured it, he kept it in a temple, gave it the highest treatment of "Tai Jai" (whole cow) and "Jiu Shao", but the seabird dared not take a bite and starved to death three days later. Zhuangzi lamented: "This is a bird, not a bird." "Raising birds by birds" is to raise birds according to their life rules, so that they can inhabit the mountains, float in the rivers and lakes, and stop with the flock in eat small fish to adapt to the living environment. "Zhuangzi Geng Sang Chu" also means this: "Only insects can worm, and insects know the sky." "Insects" refer to all birds and animals. They have their own natural endowment (insects). Whether it is flying, walking, singing or jumping, it is endowed by heaven and conforms to nature (insects). On the surface, these two sentences are discussing the relationship between things and the environment, but in fact they are promoting negative inaction and venting themselves. Zhuangzi said this many times in "Lord of Health Preservation" and "Happy Travel". Lin is a Confucian, and the core of Confucianism is "self-cultivation". Between things and me, Laozi and Zhuangzi have no me, and Confucius and Mencius have me; Laozi and Zhuangzi are "harmony between light and dust", while Confucius and Mencius advocate pushing oneself and things. The last two sentences of this poem were translated into Mencius' words with my heart: "Everything is ready, I am sincere and I am happy." "Everything is prepared for me" (that is, "everything is integrated with me"), that is to say, I have everything, but people "take it from me"; If we can reverse ourselves and seek truth, "try our best to know its nature" and strengthen our self-cultivation, then the human heart will be in harmony with physics and reach the happy realm of "forty without moving" (Mencius), "fifty knowing the destiny" and "seventy without exceeding the moment" (Confucius).
Lin inherited Zhuang Meng's theory and applied it. From the perspective of "verve" and "spirit", this kind of poetry can not but spoil the scenery, but it also has its own advantages of elegant taste, accurate thinking and profound connotation.
The second song is based on Zhuangzi's Autumn Water and Liezi's Zhou Muwang.
"Who is happy if you don't know fish?" "Watching the fish on the beam" is a famous philosophical debate in Zhuangzi, which involves complex cognitive relations such as mind and matter, beauty and aesthetic feeling. The main idea of this story is that Zhuangzi and his friend Keiko are swimming on Haoshui Bridge. Zhuangzi said: "Fish is so free, this is the happiness of fish!" Keiko said, "If you are not a fish, how do you know that fish is happy?" Zhuangzi said, "You are not me. How do you know that I don't know the happiness of fish? " The "music" mentioned here includes beauty and aesthetic feeling: one is the objective attribute of things, and the other is people's subjective perception. According to the perceptual relationship between mind (knowledge) and things (fish), it has some identity and is the unity of beauty and aesthetic feeling; From the internal relationship of things (fish), it is different from the mind (knowledge), and beauty is not equal to aesthetic feeling. Zhuangzi couldn't say this complicated understanding, so he ended with "I know the city is also". "Who falsely accused the deer of dreaming?" Liezi: Zheng was very happy after collecting firewood and killing deer. In order not to be known, he hid the dead deer in a pit and covered it with banana leaves. Later, when he couldn't find the hidden deer, he suspected it was a dream. "False", illusion. Moral of the story: Zheng people say that dreaming of deer is an illusion of self-comfort after losing deer, which can criticize the human weakness of greedy people who use paralysis as a sobering agent when they are not satisfied. Lin cited these two allusions, not limited to the publication itself, but to seek some reason and understanding. "if you give, everything is also": "if" also carries the first sentence "fish", which refers to all living things; "Give", I also mean people. Everything has similarities, differences and similarities, and people are no exception. This is a deeper understanding beyond "fish music". The essence of human psychophysics lies in "doing our best" and "unity of knowledge and action". It would be foolish to "go your own way", just like Zheng Ren's "dream of deer and get deer". The concept of gain and loss is too heavy, which will hurt human nature and contradict physics.
These two poems put forward three concepts of "thing", "me" and "heaven", and clarified their relationship, emphasizing "knowing things", "knowing me" and "knowing heaven", which is quite enlightening. Its strong speculative color, refined expression method, learning and cultivation, personality and feelings are integrated into one, showing a detached and refined elegant charm. Some people say: Song poetry is astringent, but it has a aftertaste, or that's what it means!